Nutrients

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Agar (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Maeda, H (2004) [Abs]	Effects of agar (kanten) diet on obese patients with impaired glucose tolerance …	Diab Obes Metab
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Alcohol Intake (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Romieu, I (1988) [Abs]	Energy intake and other determinants of relative weight	Am J Clin Nutr
Kahn, HS (1997) [Full]	Stable behaviors associated with adults’ 10-year change in body mass index and l…	Am J Public Health
Jequier, E (1999) [Full]	Alcohol intake and body weight: a paradox	Am J Clin Nutr
Koh-Banerjee, P (2003) [Full]	Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physical acti…	Am J Clin Nutr
Lukasiewicz, E (2004) [Full]	Alcohol intake in relation to body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio: the import…	Public Health Nutr
Breslow & Smothers (2005) [Full]	Drinking patterns and body mass index in never smokers. National Health Intervie…	Am J Epidemiol
Mozaffarian, D (2011) [Full]	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM
Sayon-Orea, C (2011) [Full]	Alcohol consumption and body weight: a systematic review	Nutr Rev
Traversy & Chaput (2015) [Full]	Alcohol consumption and obesity: an update	Curr Obes Rep
de Munter, JS (2015) [Abs]	Longitudinal analysis of lifestyle habits in relation to body mass index, onset …	Scan J Public Health
Appelhans, BM (2017) [Full]	Beverage intake and metabolic syndrome risk over 14 years: the Study of Women’s …	J Acad Nutr Diet
Golzarand, M (2021) [Full]	Association between alcohol intake and overweight and obesity: a systematic revi…	Lancet

Alcohol Intake (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Crouse & Grundy (1984) [Full]	Effects of alcohol on plasma lipoproteins and cholesterol and triglyceride metab…	J Lipid Res
Cordain, L (1997) [Abs]	Influence of moderate daily wine consumption on body weight regulation and metab…	J Am Coll Nutr
Cordain, L (2000) [Abs]	Influence of moderate chronic wine consumption on insulin sensitivity and other …	Metabolism
Flechtner-Mors, M (2004) [Full]	Effects of moderate consumption of white wine on weight loss in overweight and o…	Int J Obes
Beulens, JW (2006) [Full]	The effect of moderate alcohol consumption on fat distribution and adipocytokine…	Obesity
Romeo, J (2007) [Abs]	Does beer have an impact on weight gain? Effects of moderate beer consumption on…	Nutr Hosp
Apolzan, JW (2020) [Full]	The effects of alcohol consumption on cardiometabolic health outcomes following …	Int J Environ Res Public Health

Alginate Supplementation (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Birketvedt, GS (2005) [Full]	Experiences with three different fiber supplements in weight reduction	Med Sci Monitor
Jensen, MG (2011) [Abs]	Can alginate-based preloads increase weight loss beyond calorie restriction? A p…	Appetite
Jensen, MG (2012) [Full]	Effect of alginate supplementation on weight loss in obese subjects completing a…	Am J Clin Nutr

Almonds (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Fraser, GE (2002) [Abs]	Effect on body weight of a free 76 kilojoule (320 calorie) daily supplement of a…	J Nutr
Hollis & Mattes (2007) [Full]	Effect of chronic consumption of almonds on body weight in healthy humans	Br J Nutr
Foster, GD (2012) [Full]	A randomized trial of the effects of an almond-enriched, hypocaloric diet in the…	Am J Clin Nutr

Aloe vera (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Choi, HC (2013) [Abs]	Metabolic effects of aloe vera gel complex in obese prediabetes and early non-tr…	Nutrition
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Alpha-Linolenic Oil (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nimptsch, K (2010) [Full]	Effect of dietary fatty acid intake on prospective weight change in the Heidelbe…	Public Health Nutr
Lund, AS (2013) [Full]	N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, body fat and inflammation	Obes Facts
Raatz, SK (2017) [Full]	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US…	Nutrients

Alpha-Linolenic Oil (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Baxheinrich, A (2012) [Full]	Effects of a rapeseed oil-enriched hypoenergetic diet with a high content of alp…	Br J Nutr
Mohammadi-Sartang, M (2017) [Abs]	The effect of flaxseed supplementation on body weight and body composition: a sy…	Obes Rev
Raeisi-Dehkordi, H (2019) [Full]	The effect of canola oil on body weight and composition: a systematic review and…	Adv Nutr

Alpha-Lipoic Acid (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Koh, EH (2011) [Full]	Effects of alpha-lipoic acid on body weight in obese subjects	Am J Med
Huerta, AE (2015) [Full]	Effects of a-lipoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in overweight and obese women…	Obesity
Kucukgoncu, S (2017) [Full]	Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) as a supplementation for weight loss: results from a met…	Obes Rev
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Antioxidants and Phytochemicals (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Reitman, A (2002) [Full]	Low plasma antioxidant and normal plasma B vitamins and homocysteine in patients…	IMAJ
Garcia, OP (2009) [Full]	Impact of micronutrient deficiencies on obesity	Nutr Rev
Zamora-Ros, R (2011) [Full]	Estimation of the intake of anthocyanidins and their food sources in the Europea…	Br J Nutr
Bertoia, ML (2016) [Full]	Dietary flavonoid intake and weight maintenance: three prospective cohorts of 12…	BMJ
Hosseini, B (2016) [Abs]	Association between antioxidant intake/status and obesity: a systematic review o…	Biol Trace Elem Res
Kabat, GC (2016) [Full]	Longitudinal association of measures of adiposity wit serum antioxidant concentr…	Eur J Clin Nutr
Grosso, G (2017) [Full]	Dietary polyphenols are inversely associated with metabolic syndrome in Polish a…	Eur J Nutr
Ham, D (2018) [Full]	Association between antioxidant vitamin intake and obesity among Korean women: u…	J Nutr Health
Ham & Joung (2020) [Full]	Understanding the associations between dietary antioxidants and obesity	J Obes Metab Syndrome
Im, J (2020) [Full]	Association between the phytochemical index and lower prevalence of obesity/abdo…	Nutrients
Kim, S-A (2020) [Abs]	Association between dietary flavonoid intake and obesity among adults in Korea	Appl Physiol Nutr Metab

Antioxidants and Phytochemicals (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lopez-Legarrea, P (2013) [Full]	Short-term role of the dietary total antioxidant capacity in two hypocaloric reg…	Nutr Metab
Wright, OR (2013) [Abs]	A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the effect of dried purp…	Can J Physiol Pharm
Abdali, D (2015) [Full]	How effective are antioxidant supplements in obesity and diabetes?	Med Princ Pract
Marhuenda, J (2020) [Full]	A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial to determine the effectiven…	Foods

Arachidonic Acid (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nimptsch, K (2010) [Full]	Effect of dietary fatty acid intake on prospective weight change in the Heidelbe…	Public Health Nutr

Artificial Sweeteners (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Fowler, SP (2008) [Full]	Fueling the obesity epidemic? Artificially sweetened beverage use and long-term …	Obesity
Gardner, C (2012) [Full]	Nonnutritive sweeteners: Current use and health perspectives: A sceintific state…	Circulation
Raben & Richelsen (2012) [Abs]	Artificial sweeteners: a place in the field of functional foods? Focus on obesit…	Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab
Pereira, MA (2013) [Full]	Diet beverages and the risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease: a …	Nutr Rev
Ruanpend, D (2017) [Full]	Sugar and artificially sweetened beverages linked to obesity: a systematic revie…	QJM

Artificial Sweeteners (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Raben, A (2011) [Full]	Increased postprandial glycaemia, insulinemia, and lipidemia after 10 weeks’ suc…	Food Nutr Res
Maersk, M (2012) [Full]	Sucrose-sweetened beverages increase fat storage in the liver, muscle, and visce…	Am J Clin Nutr
Raben & Richelsen (2012) [Abs]	Artificial sweeteners: a place in the field of functional foods? Focus on obesit…	Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab
Tate, DF (2012) [Full]	Replacing caloric beverages with water or diet beverages for weight loss in adul…	Am J Clin Nutr
Peters, JC (2014) [Full]	The effects of water and non-nutritive sweetened beverages on weight loss during…	Obesity

Avocado (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Fulgoni III, VL (2013) [Full]	Avocado consumption is associated with better diety quality and nutrient intake,…	J Nutr
Heskey, C (2019) [Full]	Avocado intake, and longitudinal weight and body mass index changes in an adult …	Nutrients

Avocado (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Pieterse, Z (2005) [Abs]	Substitution of high monounsaturated fatty acid avocado for mixed dietary fats d…	Nutrition
Henning, SM (2019) [Full]	Hass avocado inclusion in a weight-loss diet supported weight loss and altered g…	Curr Dev Nutr

B Vitamins (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Reitman, A (2002) [Full]	Low plasma antioxidant and normal plasma B vitamins and homocysteine in patients…	IMAJ
Aasheim, ET (2008) [Full]	Vitamin status in morbidly obese patients: a cross-sectional study	Am J Clin Nutr
Garcia, OP (2009) [Full]	Impact of micronutrient deficiencies on obesity	Nutr Rev
Baltaci, D (2013) [Abs]	Association of vitamin B12 with obesity, overweight, insulin resistance and meta…	Med Glas
Thomas-Valdes, S (2017) [Abs]	Association between vitamin deficiency and metabolic disorders related to obesit…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
Li, X (2018) [Abs]	DNA methylation variant, B-vitamins intake and longitudinal change in body mass …	Int J Obes
Wiebe, N (2018) [Abs]	A systematic review of the vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine triad across bod…	Obes Rev

B Vitamins (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Novin, ZS (2018) [Abs]	The weight loss effects of branched chain amino acids and vitamin B6: a randomiz…	Int J Vit Nutr Res
Araghi, SO (2020) [Full]	B-vitamins and body composition: integrating observational and experimental evid…	Eur J Nutr

Beans Legumes (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Papanikolaous & Flugoni (2008) [Abs]	Bean consumption is associated with greater nutrient intake, reduced systolic bl…	J Am Coll Nutr
Schwingshackl, L (2017) [Full]	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analys…	Am J Clin Nutr
Schlesinger, S (2019) [Full]	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic revie…	Adv Nutr

Beans Legumes (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Abete, I (2009) [Abs]	Legume-, fish-, or high-protein-based hypocaloric diets: Effects on weight loss …	J Medicinal Food
Tonstad, S (2013) [Abs]	A high-fibre bean-rich diet versus a low-carbohydrate diet for obesity	J Hum Nutr Diet
Alves, RDM (2014) [Full]	Regular intake of high-oleic peanuts improves fat oxidation and body composition…	Obesity
Kim, SJ (2016) [Full]	Effects of dietary pulse consumption on body weight: a systematic review and met…	Am J Clin Nutr
He, S (2018) [Abs]	Phaseolus vulgaris lectins: a systematic review of characteristics of health imp…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr

Beer (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bobak, M (2003) [Full]	Beer and obesity: a cross-sectional study	Eur J Clin Nutr
Lukasiewicz, E (2004) [Full]	Alcohol intake in relation to body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio: the import…	Public Health Nutr
Bendsen, NT (2012) [Full]	Is beer consumption related to measures of abdominal and general obesity? A syst…	Nutr Rev

Beer (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Hartung, GH (1983) [Abs]	Effect of alcohol intake on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in runne…	JAMA
Ka, T (2005) [Abs]	Effects of long-term beer ingestion on plasma concentrations and urinary excreti…	Hormone Metab Res
Romeo, J (2007) [Abs]	Does beer have an impact on weight gain? Effects of moderate beer consumption on…	Nutr Hosp
Addolorato, G (2008) [Abs]	Effects of short-term moderate alcohol administration on oxidative stress and nu…	Appetite
Bendsen, NT (2012) [Full]	Is beer consumption related to measures of abdominal and general obesity? A syst…	Nutr Rev

Beta-Glucans (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Beck, EJ (2010) [Full]	Oat B-glucan supplementation does not enhance the effectiveness of an energy-res…	Br J Nutr
Cugnet-Anceau, C (2010) [Full]	A controlled study of consumption of B-glucan soups for 2 months by type 2 diabe…	Br J Nutr
Rahmani, J (2019) [Abs]	Effects of cereal beta-glucan consumption on body weight, body mass index, waist…	Therap Med
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Betain (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Gao, X (2016) [Full]	Higher dietary choline and betaine intakes are associated with better body compo…	PLOS ONE
Gao, X (2018) [Full]	Higher serum choline and betain levels are associated with better body compositi…	PLOS ONE

Betain (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Gao, X (2019) [Full]	Effect of betaine on reducing body fat - a systematic review and meta-analysis o…	Nutrients

Bitter Orange (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Stohs, SJ (2012) [Full]	A review of the human clinical studies involving Citrus aurantium (Bitter Orange…	Int J Med Sci
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Branch Chained Amino Acids (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Novin, ZS (2018) [Abs]	The weight loss effects of branched chain amino acids and vitamin B6: a randomiz…	Int J Vit Nutr Res
Ooi, DSQ (2021) [Abs]	Branch-chain amino acid supplementation does not preserve lean mass or affect me…	J Nutr

Bread (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Fuente-Arrillaga, C (2014) [Full]	Glycemic load, glycemic index, bread and incidence of overweight/obesity in a Me…	BMC Public Health
Serra-Majem & Bautista-Castano (2015) [Full]	Relationship between bread and obesity	Br J Nutr

Bread (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Mickelsen, O (1979) [Abs]	Effects of a high fiber bread diet on weight loss in college-age males	Am J Clin Nutr
Loria-Kohen, V (2012) [Abs]	Evaluation of the usefulness of a low-calorie diet with or without bread in the …	Clin Nutr

Brown Rice (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kim, JY (2008) [Abs]	Meal replacement with mixed rice is more effective than white rice in weight con…	Nutr Res
Zhang, G (2011) [Full]	Substituting white rice with brown rice for 16 weeks does not substantially affe…	J Nutr
Malik, VS (2019) [Full]	Substituting brown rice for white rice on diabetes risk factors in India: a rand…	Br J Nutr

Butter (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Pereira, MA (2002) [Full]	Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults …	JAMA
Rosell, M (2006) [Full]	Association between dairy food consumption and weight change over 9 y in 19,352 …	Am J Clin Nutr
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res

Butter (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bjermo, H (2012) [Full]	Effects of n-6 PUFAs compared with SFAs on liver fat, lipoproteins, and inflamma…	Am J Clin Nutr

Caffeine (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Greenberg, JA (2005) [Full]	Coffee, tea and diabetes: the role of weight loss and caffeine	Int J Obes
Lopez-Garcia, E (2006) [Full]	Changes in caffeine intake and long-term weight change in men and women	Am J Clin Nutr

Caffeine (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Hursel, R (2009) [Full]	The effects of green tea on weight loss and weight maintenance: a meta-analysis	Int J Obes
Westerterp-Plantenga, MS (2010) [Abs]	Green tea catechins, caffeine, and body-weight regulation	Physiol Behav
Manore, MM (2012) [Abs]	Dietary supplements for improving body composition and reducing body weight: whe…	Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
Vazquez Cisneros, LC (2017) [Abs]	Effects of green tea and its epigallocatechin (EGCG) content on body weight and …	Nutr Hosp
Tabrizi, R (2019) [Abs]	The effects of caffeine intake on weight loss: a systematic review and dose-resp…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr

Calcium (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Gonzalez, AJ (2006) [Abs]	Calcium intake and 10-year weight chane in middle-aged adults	J Am Diet Assoc
Rajpathak, S (2006) [Full]	Calcium and dairy intakes in relation to long-term weight gain in US men	Am J Clin Nutr
Beydoun, MA (2018) [Full]	Dairy product consumption and its association with metabolic disturbance in a pr…	Br J Nutr
Zohal, M (2019) [Abs]	Association between selected trace elements and body mass index and waist circum…	Diab Metab Synd Clin Res Rev

Calcium - Dietary (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lanou & Barnard (2008) [Full]	Dairy and weight loss hypothesis: an evaluation of the clinical trials	Nutr Clin Care
Jones, KW (2013) [Full]	Effect of a dairy- and calcium-rich diet on weight loss and appetite during ener…	Eur J Clin Nutr

Calcium - Supplements (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lanou & Barnard (2008) [Full]	Dairy and weight loss hypothesis: an evaluation of the clinical trials	Nutr Clin Care
Faghih, S (2011) [Abs]	Comparison of the effects of cows’ milk, fortified soy milk, and calcium supplem…	Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
Zhu, W (2013) [Full]	Calcium plus vitamin D3 supplementation facillitated fat loss in overweight and …	Nutr J
Li, P (2016) [Full]	Effects of calcium supplementation on body weight: a meta-analysis	Am J Clin Nutr
Kjolbaek, L (2017) [Full]	Protein supplements after weight loss do not improve weight maintenance compared…	Am J Clin Nutr

Candy (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
O’Neil, CE (2011) [Abs]	Candy consumption was not associated with body weight measures, risk factors for…	Nutr Res
Fogelholm & Tetens (2012) [Full]	Is candy eating a way to control body weight?	Food Nutr Res
Murphy, MM (2013) [Full]	Body weight status and cardiovascular risk factors in adults by frequency of can…	Nutr J

Cannabis (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Warren, M (2005) [Abs]	Body mass index and marijuana use	J Addict Diseases
Rodondi, N (2006) [Full]	Marijuana use, diet, body mass index, and cardiovascular risk factors (from the …	Am J Cardiol
Hayatbakhsh, MR (2010) [Abs]	Cannabis use and obesity and young adults	Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse
Le Foll, B (2013) [Abs]	Cannabis and THC for weight loss?	Med Hypoth
Penner, EA (2013) [Full]	The impact of marijuana use on glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance among US…	Am J Med
Ngueta, G (2015) [Full]	Cannabis use in relation to obesity and insulin resistance in the Inuit populati…	Obesity
Thompson & Hay (2015) [Abs]	Estimating the association between metabolic risk factros and marijuana use in U…	Ann Epidemiol
Ravi, D (2018) [Full]	Associations between marijuana use and cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes	Ann Intern Med

Canola Oil (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nigam, P (2014) [Abs]	Effect of a 6-month intervention with cooking oils containing a high concentrati…	Diabetes Tech Ther
Liu, X (2016) [Full]	Effects of canola and high-oleic-acid canola oils on abdominal fat mass in indiv…	Obesity
Raeisi-Dehkordi, H (2019) [Full]	The effect of canola oil on body weight and composition: a systematic review and…	Adv Nutr

Capsaicin (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Yoshioka, M (1999) [Full]	Effects of red pepper on appetite and energy intake	Br J Nutr
Lejeune, MP (2003) [Full]	Effect of capsaicin on substrate oxidation and weight maintenance after modest b…	Br J Nutr
Snitker, S (2009) [Full]	Effects of novel capsinoid treatment on fatness and energy metabolism in humans:…	Am J Clin Nutr
Nirengi, S (2016) [Full]	Assessment of human brown adipose tissue density during daily ingestion of therm…	J Biomed Opt
Zheng, J (2017) [Full]	Dietary capsaicin and its anti-obesity potency: from mechanisms to clinical impl…	Bioscience Reports
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Caralluma (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kuriyan, R (2007) [Abs]	Effect of Caralluma Fimbriata extract on appetite, food intake and anthropometry…	Appetite
Astell, KJ (2013) [Abs]	A pilot study investigating the effect of Caralluma fimbriata extract on the ris…	Complement Ther Med
Arora, E (2015) [Full]	To evaluate efficacy and safety of Caralluma fimbriata in overweight and obese p…	Perspect Clin Res
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Caraway Extract (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kazemipoor, M (2013) [Full]	Antiobesity effect of caraway extract on overweight and obese women: a randomize…	Evidence-Based Comp Alt Med
Kazemipoor, M (2016) [Abs]	Slimming and appetite-suppressing effects of Caraway Aqueous Extract as a natura…	Phytother Res
Jafari-Maskouni, S (2020) [Full]	Metabolic and clinical responses to Bunium Persicum (black caraway) supplementat…	Nutr Metab
Mohammadkhani, PG (2021) [Abs]	Effects of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and taking caraway supplement on C-re…	Biological Rhythm Res

Carnitine (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Liu, Y (2015) [Full]	A dietary supplement containing cinnamon, chromium and carnosine decreases fasti…	PLOS ONE
Pooyandjoo, M (2016) [Abs]	The effect of (L-) carnitine on weight loss in adults: a systematic review and m…	Obes Rev
Xu, Y (2017) [Full]	L-carnitine treatment of insulin resistance: a systematic review and meta-analys…	Adv Clin Exp Med
Askarpour, M (2020) [Abs]	Beneficial effects of l-carnitine supplementation for weight management in overw…	Pharmacol Res
Talenezhad, N (2020) [Abs]	Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on weight loss and body composition: a sy…	Clin Nutr ESPEN
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Carotenoids (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Wallstrom, P (2001) [Full]	Serum concentrations of B-carotene and a-tocopherol are associated with diet, sm…	Am J Clin Nutr
Reitman, A (2002) [Full]	Low plasma antioxidant and normal plasma B vitamins and homocysteine in patients…	IMAJ
Al-Delaimy, WK (2004) [Full]	Plasma levels of six carotenoids in nine European countries: report from the Eur…	Public Health Nutr
Kimmons, JE (2006) [Full]	Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient lev…	Med Gen Med
Chai, W (2010) [Full]	Associations between obesity and serum lipid soluble micronutrients among premen…	Nutr Res
Kabat, GC (2016) [Full]	Longitudinal association of measures of adiposity wit serum antioxidant concentr…	Eur J Clin Nutr

Casein (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Anderson, JW (2007) [Abs]	Soy compared to casein meal replacement shakes with energy-restricted diets for …	Metabolism
Adechian, S (2012) [Full]	Protein feeding pattern, casein feeding, or milk-soluble protein feeding did not…	AJP Endo Metab

Cellulose (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Chen, I-J (2015) [Abs]	Therapeutic effect of high-dose green tea extract on weight reduction: a randomi…	Clin Nutr
Guess, ND (2015) [Full]	A randomized controlled trial: the effect of inulin on weight management and ect…	Nutr Metab
Novin, ZS (2018) [Abs]	The weight loss effects of branched chain amino acids and vitamin B6: a randomiz…	Int J Vit Nutr Res

Cheese (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Pereira, MA (2002) [Full]	Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults …	JAMA
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Rosell, M (2006) [Full]	Association between dairy food consumption and weight change over 9 y in 19,352 …	Am J Clin Nutr
Beydoun, MA (2018) [Full]	Dairy product consumption and its association with metabolic disturbance in a pr…	Br J Nutr

Cheese (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Sharafedtinov, KK (2013) [Full]	Hypocaloric diet supplemented with probiotic cheese improves body mass index and…	Nutr J

Chia Seeds (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nieman, DC (2009) [Abs]	Chia seed does not promote weight loss or alter disease risk factors in overweig…	Nutr Res
Nieman, DC (2012) [Abs]	Chia seed supplementation and disease risk factors in overweight women: a metabo…	J Alt Complement Med
Vuksan, V (2017) [Abs]	Salba-chia (Salvia hispanica L.) in the treatment of overweight and obese patien…	Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
Teoh, SL (2018) [Full]	Clinical evidence on dietary supplementation with chia seed (Salvia hispanica L….	Nutr Rev

Chicken (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Melanson, K (2003) [Abs]	Weight loss and total lipid profile changes in overweight women consuming beef o…	Nutrition
Murphy, KJ (2014) [Full]	A comparison of regular consumption of fresh lean pork, beef and chicken on body…	Nutrients

Chitosan (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Mhurchu, CN (2005) [Abs]	Effect of chitosan on weight loss in overweight and obese individuals: a systema…	Obes Rev
Manore, MM (2012) [Abs]	Dietary supplements for improving body composition and reducing body weight: whe…	Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
Chew & Brownlee (2018) [Abs]	The impact of supplementation with dietary fibers on weight loss: a systematic r…	Bioact Carb Diet Fibre
Moraru, C (2018) [Full]	A meta-analysis on randomised controlled clinical trials evaluating the effect o…	Medicina
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Chlorogenic Acid (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Watanabe, T (2006) [Abs]	The blood pressure-lowering effect and safety of chlorogenic acid from green bea…	Clin Exp Hypertens
Thom, E (2007) [Full]	The effect of chlorogenic acid enriched coffee on glucose absorption in healthy …	J Int Med Res
Bakuradze, T (2011) [Abs]	Antioxidant-rich coffee reduces DNA damage, elevates glutathione status and cont…	Mol Nutr Food Res
Kotyczka, C (2011) [Abs]	Dark roast coffee is more effective than light roast coffee in reducing body wei…	Mol Nutr Food Res
Onakpoya, I (2011) [Full]	The use of green coffee extract as a weight loss supplement: a systematic review…	Gastroenterol Res Pract
Revuelta-Iniesta & Al-Dujaili (2014) [Full]	Consumption of green coffee reduces blood pressure and body composition by influ…	BioMed Res Int

Chocolate (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
O’Neil, CE (2011) [Abs]	Candy consumption was not associated with body weight measures, risk factors for…	Nutr Res
Golomb, BA (2012) [Full]	Association between more frequency chocolate consumption and lower body mass ind…	Arch Intern Med
Greenberg & Buijsse (2013) [Full]	Habitual chocolate consumption may increase body weight in a dose-dependent mann…	PLOS ONE
Greenberg, JA (2015) [Full]	Chocolate-candy consumption and 3-year weight gain among postmenopausal US women	Obesity

Choline (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Gao, X (2016) [Full]	Higher dietary choline and betaine intakes are associated with better body compo…	PLOS ONE
Gao, X (2018) [Full]	Higher serum choline and betain levels are associated with better body compositi…	PLOS ONE

Chromium Picolinate (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Anton, SD (2008) [Full]	Effects of chromium picolinate on food intake and satiety	Diab Technol Ther
Yazaki, Y (2010) [Full]	A pilot study of chromium picolinate for weight loss	J Alt Complement Med
Onakpoya, I (2013) [Abs]	Chromium supplementation in overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta…	Obes Rev
Tian, H (2013) [Full]	Chromium picolinate supplementation for overweight or obese adults	Cochrane Database Syst Rev
Liu, Y (2015) [Full]	A dietary supplement containing cinnamon, chromium and carnosine decreases fasti…	PLOS ONE
Whitfield, P (2016) [Abs]	The effect of a cinnamon-, chromium- and magnesium-formulated honey on glycaemic…	Eur J Nutr
Maleki, V (2018) [Abs]	Chromium supplementation does not improve weight loss or metabolic and hormonal …	Nutr Res
Tsang, C (2019) [Abs]	A meta-analysis of the effect of chromium supplementation on anthropometric indi…	Clin Obes
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Cinnamon (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Liu, Y (2015) [Full]	A dietary supplement containing cinnamon, chromium and carnosine decreases fasti…	PLOS ONE
Whitfield, P (2016) [Abs]	The effect of a cinnamon-, chromium- and magnesium-formulated honey on glycaemic…	Eur J Nutr

Cocoa Dark Chocolate (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Farhat, G (2013) [Abs]	Dark chocolate: an obesity paradox or a culprit for weight gain?	Phytother Res
Kord-Varkaneh, H (2018) [Abs]	Does cocoa/dark chocolate supplementation have favorable effect on body weight, …	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr

Coenzyme Q10 (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lee, Y-J (2011) [Abs]	Effects of coenzyme Q10 on arterial stiffness, metabolic parameters, and fatigue…	J Med Food
Kolahdouz, MR (2013) [Abs]	The effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on metabolic status of type 2 diabeti…	Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol
Saboori, S (2019) [Abs]	Effect of Q10 supplementation on body weight and body mass index: a systematic r…	Diab Metab Synd Clin Res Rev

Coffee (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Greenberg, JA (2005) [Full]	Coffee, tea and diabetes: the role of weight loss and caffeine	Int J Obes
Wu, T (2005) [Full]	Caffeinated coffee, and caffeine in relation to plasma C-peptide levels, a marke…	Diabetes Care
Lopez-Garcia, E (2006) [Full]	Changes in caffeine intake and long-term weight change in men and women	Am J Clin Nutr
Odegaard, AO (2008) [Full]	Coffee, tea, and incident type 2 diabetes: the Singapore Chinese Health Study	Am J Clin Nutr
Pan, A (2013) [Full]	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from …	Int J Obes
Appelhans, BM (2017) [Full]	Beverage intake and metabolic syndrome risk over 14 years: the Study of Women’s …	J Acad Nutr Diet
Yonekura, Y (2020) [Full]	Daily coffee and green tea consumption is inversely associated with body mass in…	Nutrients

Coffee (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Thom, E (2007) [Full]	The effect of chlorogenic acid enriched coffee on glucose absorption in healthy …	J Int Med Res
Bakuradze, T (2011) [Abs]	Antioxidant-rich coffee reduces DNA damage, elevates glutathione status and cont…	Mol Nutr Food Res
Onakpoya, I (2011) [Full]	The use of green coffee extract as a weight loss supplement: a systematic review…	Gastroenterol Res Pract
Revuelta-Iniesta & Al-Dujaili (2014) [Full]	Consumption of green coffee reduces blood pressure and body composition by influ…	BioMed Res Int
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Coffee - Decaffeinated (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Greenberg, JA (2005) [Full]	Coffee, tea and diabetes: the role of weight loss and caffeine	Int J Obes
Lopez-Garcia, E (2006) [Full]	Changes in caffeine intake and long-term weight change in men and women	Am J Clin Nutr

Conjugated Linoleic Acid (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Blankson, H (2000) [Full]	Conjugated linoleic acid reduces body fat mass in overweight and obese humans	J Nutr
Gaullier, JM (2007) [Full]	Six months supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid induces regional-specif…	Br J Nutr
Steck, SE (2007) [Full]	Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation for twelve weeks increases lean body ma…	J Nutr
Norris, LE (2009) [Full]	Comparison of dietary conjugated linoleic acid with safflower oil on body compos…	Am J Clin Nutr
Kim, B (2016) [Abs]	The effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on metabolic syndrome patients: a …	J Funct Foods
Namazi, N (2019) [Abs]	The effects of supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid on anthropometric i…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
den Hartigh, LJ (2019) [Full]	Conjugated linoleic acid effects on cancer, obesity, and atherosclerosis: a revi…	Nutrients
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Copper (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Sanchez, C (2010) [Abs]	Plasma levels of copper, manganese and selenium in an adult population in southe…	Sci Total Environ
Alasfar, F (2011) [Abs]	Selenium is significantly depleted among morbidly obese female patients seeking …	Obes Surg

Crocus Sativus (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Gout, B (2010) [Abs]	Satiereal, a Crocus sativus L extract, reduces snacking and increases satiety in…	Nutr Res

Curcumin (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Akbari, M (2019) [Full]	The effects of curcumin on weight loss among patients with metabolic syndrome an…	Front Pharm
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Dairy (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Pereira, M (2002) [Full]	Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults….	JAMA
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Ranganathan, R (2005) [Abs]	The nutritional impact of dairy product consumption on dietary intakes of adults…	ADA
Rajpathak, S (2006) [Full]	Calcium and dairy intakes in relation to long-term weight gain in US men	Am J Clin Nutr
Rosell, M (2006) [Full]	Associations between dairy food consumption and weight change over 9 y in 19,352…	Am J Clin Nutr
Beydoun, MA (2008) [Full]	Ethnic differences in dairy and related nutrient consumption among US adults and…	Am J Clin Nutr
Vergnaud, A (2008) [Full]	Dairy consumption and 6-y changes in body weight and waist circumference in midd…	Am J Clin Nutr
Dougkas, A (2011) [Full]	Associations between dairy consumption and body weight: a review of the evidence…	Nutr Res Rev
Louie, J (2011) [Full]	Dairy consumption and overweight and obesity: a systematic review of prospective…	Obes Rev
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Wang, H (2013) [Full]	Longitudinal association between dairy consumption and changes of body weight an…	Int J Obes
Babio, N (2015) [Full]	Consumption of yogurt, low-fat milk, and other low-fat dairy products is associa…	J Nutr
Bergholdt, HKM (2015) [Full]	Milk intake is not associated with low risk of diabetes or overweight-obesity: a…	Am J Clin Nutr
Rautiainen, S (2016) [Full]	Dairy consumption in association with weight change and risk of becoming overwei…	Am J Clin Nutr
Schwingshackl, L (2016) [Full]	Consumption of dairy products in relation to changes in anthropometric variables…	PLOS ONE
Wang, W (2016) [Abs]	Association of dairy products consumption with risk of obesity in children and a…	Ann Epidemiol
Kim & Kim (2017) [Full]	Dairy consumption is associated with a lower incidence of the metabolic syndrome…	Br J Nutr
Schwingshackl, L (2017) [Full]	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analys…	Am J Clin Nutr
Beydoun, MA (2018) [Full]	Dairy product consumption and its association with metabolic disturbance in a pr…	Br J Nutr
Schlesinger, S (2019) [Full]	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic revie…	Adv Nutr

Dairy (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lanou & Barnard (2008) [Full]	Dairy and weight loss hypothesis: an evaluation of the clinical trials	Nutr Clin Care
Dougkas, A (2011) [Full]	Associations between dairy consumption and body weight: a review of the evidence…	Nutr Res Rev
Josse, AR (2011) [Full]	Increased consumption of dairy foods and protein during diet- and exercise-induc…	J Nutr
Soenen, S (2011) [Full]	Efficacy of a-Lactalbumin and milk protein on weight loss and body compositon du…	Obes Res
Abargouei, A (2012) [Full]	Effect of dairy consumption on weight and body composition in adults: a systemat…	Int J Obes
Chen, M (2012) [Full]	Effects of dairy intake on body weight and fat: a meta-analysis of randomized co…	Am J Clin Nutr
Maersk, M (2012) [Full]	Sucrose-sweetened beverages increase fat storage in the liver, muscle, and visce…	Am J Clin Nutr
Jones, KW (2013) [Full]	Effect of a dairy-and calcium-rich diet on weight loss and appetite during energ…	Eur J Clin Nutr
Nolan-Clark, D (2013) [Abs]	Dietary consequences of recommending reduced-fat dairy products in the weight-lo…	J Acad Nutr Diet
Rideout, TC (2013) [Full]	Consumption of low-fat dairy foods for 6 months improves insulin resistance with…	J Nutr
Geng, T (2018) [Abs]	Effects of dairy products consumption on body weight and body composition among …	Mol Nutr Food Res

Diacylglycerol Oil (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nagao, T (2000) [Full]	Dietary diacylglycerol suppresses accumulation of body fat compared to triacylgl…	J Nutr
Maki, KC (2002) [Full]	Consumption of diacylglycerol oil as part of a reduced-energy diet enhances loss…	Am J Clin Nutr
Kawashima, H (2008) [Abs]	One-year ad libitum consumption of diacylglycerol oil as part of a regular diet …	J Am Diet Assoc
Li, D (2008) [Abs]	Diacylglycerol-induced improvement of whole-body insulin sensitivity in type 2 d…	Clin Nutr
Xu, T (2008) [Full]	Effect of diacylglycerol on body weight: a meta-analysis	APJCN
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Diet Soda Beverages (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Dhingra, R (2007) [Full]	Soft drink consumption and risk of developing cardiometabolic risk factors and t…	Circulation
Pan, A (2013) [Full]	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from …	Int J Obes
Ferreira-Pego, C (2016) [Full]	Frequent consumption of sugar- and artificially sweetened beverages and natural …	J Nutr
Appelhans, BM (2017) [Full]	Beverage intake and metabolic syndrome risk over 14 years: the Study of Women’s …	J Acad Nutr Diet

Diet Soda Beverages (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Tate, DF (2012) [Full]	Replacing caloric beverages with water or diet beverages for weight loss in adul…	Am J Clin Nutr
Piernas, C (2013) [Full]	Does diet-beverage intake affect dietary consumption patterns? Results from the …	Am J Clin Nutr
Madjd, A (2015) [Full]	Effects on weight loss in adults of replacing diet beverages with water during a…	Am J Clin Nutr
Madjd, A (2018) [Abs]	Effects of replacing diet beverages with water on weight loss and weight mainten…	Int J Obes

Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity (DTAC) (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Farhangi, MA (2020) [Abs]	Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), general and central obesity indices an…	Int J Vit Nutr Res
Mozaffari, H (2020) [Abs]	Association of dietary antioxidant capacity to anthropometry in healthy women: a…	Nutrition
van der Schaft, N (2020) [Full]	Total dietary antioxidant capacity and longitudinal trajectories of body composi…	Antioxidants

Dried Fruit (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Keast, DR (2011) [Abs]	Dried fruit consumption is associated with improved diet quality and reduced obe…	Nutr Res
Fulgoni III, VL (2017) [Full]	Association of raisin consumption with nutrient intake, diet quality, and health…	Food Nutr Res

Dried Fruit (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Anderson, JW (2014) [Abs]	Raisins compared with other snack effects on glycemia and blood pressure: a rand…	Postgrad Med
Kanellos, PT (2014) [Abs]	A pilot, randomized controlled trial to examine the health outcomes of raisin co…	Nutrition
Bays, H (2015) [Abs]	A randomized study of raisins versus alternative snacks on glycemic control and …	Physician Sportsmed
Sullivan, VK (2020) [Full]	Dried fruit consumption and cardiometabolic health: a randomised crossover trial	Br J Nutr

Eggs (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Woo, HW (2016) [Full]	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between egg consumption and metabo…	PLOS ONE
Schwingshackl, L (2017) [Full]	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analys…	Am J Clin Nutr
Schlesinger, S (2019) [Full]	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic revie…	Adv Nutr

Enterostatin (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kovacs, EMR (2003) [Full]	The effects of enterostatin intake on food intake and energy expenditure	Br J Nutr

Ephedra (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Boozer, CN (2001) [Full]	An herbal supplement containing Ma Huang-Guarana for weight loss: a randomized, …	Int J Obes
Shekelle, PG (2003) [Abs]	Efficacy and safety of ephedra and ephedrine for weight loss and athletic perfor…	JAMA
Coffey, CS (2004) [Full]	A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of a product contain…	Int J Obes
Manore, MM (2012) [Abs]	Dietary supplements for improving body composition and reducing body weight: whe…	Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab

Ephedrine & Caffeine (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Boozer, CN (2002) [Full]	Herbal ephedra/caffeine for weight loss: a 6-month randomized safety and efficac…	Int J Obes
Coffey, CS (2004) [Full]	A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of a product contain…	Int J Obes
Greenway, FL (2004) [Full]	Effect of a dietary herbal supplement containing caffeine and ephedra on weight,…	Obes Res
Hackman, RM (2007) [Full]	Multinutrient supplement containing ephedra and caffeine causes weight loss and …	Int J Obes

Fiber (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Ludwig, DS (1999) [Full]	Dietary fiber, weight gain, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in young adu…	JAMA
Koh-Banerjee, P (2003) [Full]	Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physical acti…	Am J Clin Nutr
Liu, SM (2003) [Full]	Relation between changes in intakes of dietary fiber and grain products and chan…	Am J Clin Nutr
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Rautiainen, S (2015) [Full]	Higher intake of fruit, but not vegetables or fiber, at baseline is associated w…	J Nutr

Fiber - Dietary (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Saltzman, E (2000) [Abs]	Effects of a cereal rich in soluble fiber on body composition and dietary compli…	J Am Coll Nutr
Wanders, AJ (2011) [Abs]	Effects of dietary fibre on subjective appetite, energy intake and body weight: …	Obes Rev
Hu, X (2013) [Abs]	Soy fiber improves weight loss and lipid profile in overweight and obese adults:…	Mol Nutr Food Res

Fiber Supplement (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Rigaud, D (1990) [Abs]	Overweight treated with energy restriction and a dietary fibre supplement: a 6-m…	Int J Obes
Howarth, NC (2001) [Full]	Dietary fiber and weight regulation	Nutr Rev
Wanders, AJ (2011) [Abs]	Effects of dietary fibre on subjective appetite, energy intake and body weight: …	Obes Rev
Grube, B (2013) [Full]	A natural fiber complex reduces body weight in the overweight, and obese: A doub…	Obesity
Namazi, N (2017) [Full]	Are isolated and complex fiber supplements good choices for weight management? A…	Arch Iran Med
Thompson, SV (2017) [Full]	Effects of isolated soluble fiber supplementation on body weight, glycemia, and …	Am J Clin Nutr
Chew & Brownlee (2018) [Abs]	The impact of supplementation with dietary fibers on weight loss: a systematic r…	Bioact Carb Diet Fibre
Honsek, C (2018) [Full]	Fibre supplementation for the prevention of type 2 diabetes and improvement of g…	Diabetologia

Fiber Supplement - Soluble (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Thompson, SV (2017) [Full]	Effects of isolated soluble fiber supplementation on body weight, glycemia, and …	Am J Clin Nutr
Jovanovski, E (2020) [Abs]	Effect of viscous fiber supplementation on obesity indicators in individuals con…	Eur J Nutr
Jovanovski, E (2020) [Full]	Can dietary viscous fiber affect body weight independently of an energy-restrict…	Am J Clin Nutr
Xie, Y (2020) [Abs]	Effects of soluble fiber supplementation on glycemic control in adults with type…	Clin Nutr

Fish (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Spencer, EA (2003) [Full]	Diet and body mass index in 38,000 EPIC-Oxford meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetar…	Int J Obes
Rosell, M (2006) [Full]	Weight gain over 5 years in 21,966 meat-eating, fish-eating, vegetarian, and veg…	Int J Obes
Baik, I (2010) [Abs]	Intake of fish and n-3 fatty acids and future risk of metabolic syndrome	J Am Diet Assoc
Jakobsen, MU (2012) [Full]	Fish consumption does not prevent increase in waist circumference in European wo…	Br J Nutr
Jakobsen, MU (2013) [Full]	Fish consumption and subsequent change in body weight in European women and men	Br J Nutr
Schwingshackl, L (2017) [Full]	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analys…	Am J Clin Nutr
Schlesinger, S (2019) [Full]	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic revie…	Adv Nutr
Karimi, G (2020) [Abs]	A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between fish consumptio…	Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Disease

Fish (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Thorsdottir, I (2007) [Full]	Randomized trial of weight-loss-diets for young adults varying in fish and fish …	Int J Obes
Abete, I (2009) [Abs]	Legume-, fish-, or high-protein-based hypocaloric diets: Effects on weight loss …	J Medicinal Food
Ramel, A (2010) [Abs]	Moderate consumption of fatty fish reduces diastolic blood pressure in overweigh…	Nutrition
Bender, N (2014) [Abs]	Fish on n3-PUFA intake and body composition: a systematic review and meta-analys…	Obes Rev

Fish - Fatty (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Jakobsen, MU (2012) [Full]	Fish consumption does not prevent increase in waist circumference in European wo…	Br J Nutr
Jakobsen, MU (2013) [Full]	Fish consumption and subsequent change in body weight in European women and men	Br J Nutr
Kim, YS (2016) [Full]	Intake of fish and long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and incidence …	Eur J Nutr
Torris, C (2017) [Full]	Lean fish consumption is associated with beneficial changes in the metabolic syn…	Nutrients

Fish - Fatty (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Thorsdottir, I (2007) [Full]	Randomized trial of weight-loss-diets for young adults varying in fish and fish …	Int J Obes
Ramel, A (2010) [Abs]	Moderate consumption of fatty fish reduces diastolic blood pressure in overweigh…	Nutrition
Tapsell, LC (2013) [Full]	Foods, nutrients or whole diets: effects of targeting fish and LCn3PUFA consumpt…	BMC Public Health

Fish - Lean (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Jakobsen, MU (2012) [Full]	Fish consumption does not prevent increase in waist circumference in European wo…	Br J Nutr
Jakobsen, MU (2013) [Full]	Fish consumption and subsequent change in body weight in European women and men	Br J Nutr
Torris, C (2017) [Full]	Lean fish consumption is associated with beneficial changes in the metabolic syn…	Nutrients

Fish - Lean (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Thorsdottir, I (2007) [Full]	Randomized trial of weight-loss-diets for young adults varying in fish and fish …	Int J Obes
Ramel, A (2010) [Abs]	Moderate consumption of fatty fish reduces diastolic blood pressure in overweigh…	Nutrition
Vikoren, LA (2013) [Full]	A randomised study on the effects of fish protein supplement on glucose toleranc…	Br J Nutr

Fish Oil Supplementation (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Thorsdottir, I (2007) [Full]	Randomized trial of weight-loss-diets for young adults varying in fish and fish …	Int J Obes
Bays, HE (2009) [Abs]	The effect of prescription omega-3 fatty acids on body weight after 8 to 16 week…	Postgrad Med
Ramel, A (2010) [Abs]	Moderate consumption of fatty fish reduces diastolic blood pressure in overweigh…	Nutrition
DeFina, LF (2011) [Full]	Effects of omega-3 supplementation in combination with diet and exercise on weig…	Am J Clin Nutr
Munro & Garg (2012) [Full]	Dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFA does not promote weight loss when combined…	Br J Nutr
Munro & Garg (2013) [Abs]	Dietary supplementation with long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and …	Obes Res Clin Pract
Tapsell, LC (2013) [Full]	Foods, nutrients or whole diets: effects of targeting fish and LCn3PUFA consumpt…	BMC Public Health
Harden, CJ (2014) [Abs]	Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation had no effect on body weig…	Nutr Res
Du, S (2015) [Full]	Does fish oil have an anti-obesity effect in overweight/obese adults? A meta-ana…	PLOS ONE

Flavonoids (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bertoia, ML (2016) [Full]	Dietary flavonoid intake and weight maintenance: three prospective cohorts of 12…	BMJ

Flaxseed (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Mohammadi-Sartang, M (2017) [Abs]	The effect of flaxseed supplementation on body weight and body composition: a sy…	Obes Rev
Kuang, X (2020) [Abs]	Defatted flaxseed flour improves weight loss and lipid profile in overweight and…	Food Funct
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Folate (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kimmons, JE (2006) [Full]	Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient lev…	Med Gen Med
Garcia, OP (2009) [Full]	Impact of micronutrient deficiencies on obesity	Nutr Rev
Wiebe, N (2018) [Abs]	A systematic review of the vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine triad across bod…	Obes Rev
Kosesuleyman, S (2019) [Abs]	Obesity is associated with folate metabolism. A systematic review	Int J Vit Nutr Res
Mlokzik-Czyzewska, MA (2020) [Full]	Low folate intake and serum levels are associated with higher body mass index an…	Nutr J

Fructose (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Te Morenga, L (2012) [Full]	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomise…	Br Med J
Bray & Popkin (2014) [Full]	Dietary sugar and body weight: Have we reached a crisis in the epidemic of obesi…	Diabetes Care
Kahn & Sievenpiper (2014) [Full]	Dietary sugar and body weight: Have we reached a crisis in the epidemic of obesi…	Diabetes Care

Fructose (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
McDevitt, RM (2000) [Full]	Macronutrient disposal during controlled overfeeding with glucose, fructose, suc…	Am J Clin Nutr
Aeberli, I (2011) [Full]	Low to moderate sugar-sweetened beverage consumption impairs glucose and lipid m…	Am J Clin Nutr
Sievenpiper, JL (2012) [Abs]	Effect of fructose on body weight in controlled feeding trials. A systematic rev…	Ann Int Med
Te Morenga, L (2012) [Full]	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomise…	Br Med J

Fruit & Vegetable (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
He, K (2004) [Full]	Changes in fruit and vegetable intake in relation to risk of obesity and weight …	Int J Obes
He, K (2004) [Full]	Changes in intake of fruits and vegetables in relation to risk of obesity and we…	Int J Obes
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2008) [Full]	Prospective study of dietary energy density and weight gain in women	Am J Clin Nutr
Vioque, J (2008) [Full]	Intake of fruits and vegetables in relation to 10-year weight gain among Spanish…	Obesity
Annesi, JJ (2011) [Abs]	Self-regulatory skills usage strengthens the relations of self efficacy for impr…	Behav Med
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Azagba & Sharaf (2013) [Full]	Fruit and vegetable consumption and body mass index: A quantile regression appro…	J Prim Care Comm Health
Schlesinger, S (2019) [Full]	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic revie…	Adv Nutr

Fruit & Vegetable (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Barnard, RJ (1983) [Abs]	Long-term use of a high-complex-carbohydrate, high-fiber, low-fat diet and exerc…	Diabetes Care
Lanza, E (2001) [Full]	Implementation of a 4-y, high-fiber, high-fruit-and-vegetable, low-fat dietary i…	Am J Clin Nutr
Djuric, Z (2002) [Abs]	Methods to increase fruit and vegetable intake with and without a decrease in fa…	Nutr Cancer
Rolls, BJ (2004) [Full]	What can intervention studies tell us about the relationship between fruit and v…	Nutr Rev
Kristal, AR (2005) [Full]	Low-fat, high fruit and vegetable diets and weight loss do not affect biomarkers…	Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
Djuric, Z (2006) [Abs]	Effects of high fruit-vegetable and/or low-fat intervention on plasma micronutri…	J Am Coll Nutr
Lanza, E (2007) [Full]	The Polyp Prevention Trial-Continued follow-up study: no effect of a low-fat, hi…	Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
Pierce, JP (2007) [Full]	Influence of a diet very high in vegetables, fruit, and fiber and low in fat on …	JAMA
Fitzgibbon, ML (2010) [Full]	Obesity reduction black intervention trial (ORBIT): 18-month results	Obesity
Howard, BV (2010) [Full]	Low-fat dietary pattern and lipoprotein risk factors: the Women’s Health Initiat…	Am J Clin Nutr
Lapointe, A (2010) [Full]	Comparison of a dietary intervention promoting high intakes of fruits and vegeta…	Br J Nutr
Imai, S (2011) [Abs]	A simple meal plan of ’eating vegetables before carbohydrate’ was more effective…	Asia Pac J Clin Nutr
Tapsell, LC (2013) [Abs]	Effects of vegetable consumption on weight loss: a review of the evidence with i…	Critical Rev Food Sci
Lara, JJ (2014) [Full]	Effectiveness of dietary interventions among adults of retirement age: a systema…	BMC Med
Mytton, OT (2014) [Full]	Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of increased vegetable and fru…	BMC Public Health
Tapsell, LC (2014) [Full]	Weight loss effects from vegetable intake: a 12-month randomised controlled tria…	EJCN
Kopf, JC (2018) [Full]	Role of whole grains versus fruits and vegetables in reducing subclinical inflam…	Nutr J
Ge, L (2020) [Full]	Comparison of dietary macronutrient patterns of 14 popular named dietary program…	BMJ

Fruit (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2008) [Full]	Prospective study of dietary energy density and weight gain in women	Am J Clin Nutr
Mozaffarian, D (2011) [Full]	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Rautiainen, S (2015) [Full]	Higher intake of fruit, but not vegetables or fiber, at baseline is associated w…	J Nutr
Schwingshackl, L (2015) [Full]	Fruit and vegetable consumption and changes in anthopometric variables in adult …	PLOS ONE
de Munter, JS (2015) [Abs]	Longitudinal analysis of lifestyle habits in relation to body mass index, onset …	Scan J Public Health
Schwingshackl, L (2017) [Full]	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analys…	Am J Clin Nutr
Schlesinger, S (2019) [Full]	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic revie…	Adv Nutr

Fruit Juices (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2006) [Full]	Predictors of weight gain in a Mediterranean cohort: the Sequimiento Universidad…	Am J Clin Nutr
Duffey, KJ (2010) [Full]	Drinking caloric beverages increases the risk of adverse cardiometabolic outcome…	Am J Clin Nutr
Pan, A (2013) [Full]	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from …	Int J Obes
Funtikova, AN (2015) [Full]	Soft drink consumption is positively associated with increased waist circumferen…	J Nutr
Ferreira-Pego, C (2016) [Full]	Frequent consumption of sugar- and artificially sweetened beverages and natural …	J Nutr
Rampersaud, GC (2017) [Abs]	100% citrus juice: nutritional contribution, dietary benefits, and association w…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr

Fruit Juices (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Fujioka, K (2006) [Abs]	The effects of grapefruit on weight and insulin resistance: relationship to the …	J Med Food
Hollis, JH (2009) [Abs]	Effects of concord grape juice on appetite, diet, body weight, lipid profile, an…	J Am Coll Nutr
Silver, HJ (2011) [Full]	Effects of grapefruit, grapefruit juice and water preloads on energy balance, we…	Nutr Metab
Barth, SW (2012) [Abs]	Moderate effects of apple juice consumption on obesity-related markers in obese …	Eur J Nutr
Rangel-Huerta, OD (2015) [Full]	Normal or high polyphenol concentration in orange juice affects antioxidant acti…	J Nutr
Azzini, E (2017) [Full]	Effect of red orange juice consumption on body composition and nutritional statu…	Oxid Med Cell Long
Rampersaud, GC (2017) [Abs]	100% citrus juice: nutritional contribution, dietary benefits, and association w…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
Ribeiro, C (2017) [Full]	Orange juice allied to a reduced-calorie diet results in weight loss and amelior…	Nutrition

Garcinia Extract (Hydroxycitric Acid ) (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Heymsfield, SB (1998) [Full]	Carginia cambogia (Hydroxycitric Acid) as a potential antiobesity agent. A rando…	JAMA
Hayamizu, K (2003) [Full]	Effects of garcinia cambogia (Hydroxycitric Acid) on visceral fat accumulation: …	Curr Ther Res Clin Exp
Kim, J-E (2011) [Full]	Does Glycine max leaves or Garcinia Cambogia promote weight-loss or lower plasma…	Nutr J
Onakpoya, I (2011) [Full]	The use of garcinia extract (hydroxycitric acid) as a weight loss supplement: a …	J Obes
Maia-Landim, A (2018) [Full]	Long-term effects of Garcinia cambogia/Glucomannan on weight loss in people with…	BMC Complement Alt Med
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Ginseng (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Sotaniemi, EA (1995) [Full]	Ginseng therapy in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Effects on psychophy…	Diabetes Care
Reeds, DN (2011) [Full]	Ginseng and ginsenoside re do not improve B-cell function or insulin sensitivity…	Diabetes Care
Kwon, DH (2012) [Full]	Efficacy of Korean red ginseng by single nucelotide polymorphism in obese women:…	J Ginseng Res
Cho, YH (2013) [Abs]	Effect of Korean red ginseng on insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic healthy over…	Asia Pac J Clin Nutr
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Glucomannan (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Birketvedt, GS (2005) [Full]	Experiences with three different fiber supplements in weight reduction	Med Sci Monitor
Keithley & Swanson (2005) [Abs]	Glucomannan and obesity: a critical review	Alt Therap
Yoshida, M (2006) [Full]	Effect of plant sterols and glucomannan on lipids in individuals with and withou…	Eur J Clin Nutr
Sood, N (2008) [Full]	Effect of glucomannan on plasma lipid and glucose concentrations, body weight, a…	Am J Clin Nutr
Keithley, JK (2013) [Full]	Safety and efficacy of glucomannan for weight loss in overweight and moderately …	J Obes
Onakpoya, I (2014) [Abs]	The efficacy of glucomannan supplementation in overweight and obesity: a systema…	J Am Coll Nutr
Chew & Brownlee (2018) [Abs]	The impact of supplementation with dietary fibers on weight loss: a systematic r…	Bioact Carb Diet Fibre
Maia-Landim, A (2018) [Full]	Long-term effects of Garcinia cambogia/Glucomannan on weight loss in people with…	BMC Complement Alt Med
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Glucose (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
McDevitt, RM (2000) [Full]	Macronutrient disposal during controlled overfeeding with glucose, fructose, suc…	Am J Clin Nutr
Aeberli, I (2011) [Full]	Low to moderate sugar-sweetened beverage consumption impairs glucose and lipid m…	Am J Clin Nutr
Te Morenga, L (2012) [Full]	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomise…	Br Med J

Gluten (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Jamnik, J (2015) [Full]	Gluten intake is positively associated with plasma a2-macroglobulin in young adu…	J Nutr
Kim, H-S (2017) [Abs]	Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular risk in gluten-free followers wi…	Digest Diseases Sci
Behrendt, I (2021) [Full]	Gluten intake and metabolic health: conflicting findings from the UK Biobank	Eur J Nutr

Gluten (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Jenkins, DJ (2001) [Full]	High-protein diets in hyperlipidemia: effect of wheat gluten on serum lipids, ur…	Am J Clin Nutr
Ehteshami, M (2018) [Full]	The effect of gluten free diet on components of metabolic syndrome: a randomized…	Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
Hansen, LBS (2018) [Full]	A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish…	Nat Commun

Grape Seed Extract (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Park, E (2015) [Full]	Effects of grape seed extract beverage on blood pressure and metabolic indices i…	Br J Nutr
Parandoosh, M (2019) [Abs]	The effects of grape seed extract (Vitis vinifera) supplement on inflammatory ma…	Phtyother Res
Yousefi, R (2020) [Abs]	Grape seed extract supplementation along with a restricted-calorie diet improves…	Phytother Res

Grapefruit (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Silver, HJ (2011) [Full]	Effects of grapefruit, grapefruit juice and water preloads on energy balance, we…	Nutr Metab
Dow, CA (2012) [Abs]	The effects of daily consumption of grapefruit on body weight lipids and blood p…	Metab Clin Exp
Onakpoya, I (2017) [Abs]	The effect of grapefruits (Citrus paradisi) on body weight and cardiovascular ri…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Green Tea (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Wu, C-H (2003) [Full]	Relationship among habitual tea consumption, percent body fat, and body fat dist…	Obes Res
Pan, A (2013) [Full]	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from …	Int J Obes
Yonekura, Y (2020) [Full]	Daily coffee and green tea consumption is inversely associated with body mass in…	Nutrients

Green Tea (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nagao, T (2005) [Full]	Ingestion of a tea rich in catechins leads to a reduction in body fat and malond…	Am J Clin Nutr
Nagao, T (2007) [Full]	A green tea extract high in catechins reduces body fat and cardiovascular risks …	Obesity
Hsu, C-H (2008) [Abs]	Effect of green tea extract on obese women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-…	Clin Nutr
Hursel, R (2009) [Full]	The effects of green tea on weight loss and weight maintenance: a meta-analysis	Int J Obes
Tsai, CH (2009) [Abs]	A novel green tea meal replacement formula for weight loss among obese individua…	Int J Food Sci Nutr
Basu, A (2010) [Abs]	Green tea supplementation affects body weight, lipids, and lipid peroxidation in…	J Am Coll Nutr
Wang, H (2010) [Full]	Effects of catechin enriched green tea on body composition	Obesity
Westerterp-Plantenga, MS (2010) [Abs]	Green tea catechins, caffeine, and body-weight regulation	Physiol Behav
Brown, AL (2011) [Full]	Health effects of green tea catechins in overweight and obese men: a randomised …	Br J Nutr
Jurgens, TM (2012) [Abs]	Green tea for weight loss and weight maintenance in overweight or obese adults (…	Cochrane Data
Manore, MM (2012) [Abs]	Dietary supplements for improving body composition and reducing body weight: whe…	Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
Suliburska, J (2012) [Full]	Effects of green tea supplementation on elements, total antioxidants, lipids, an…	Biol Trace Elem Res
Mielgo-Ayuso, J (2013) [Full]	Effects of dietary supplementation with epigallocatechin-3-gallate on weight los…	Br J Nutr
Chen, I-J (2015) [Abs]	Therapeutic effect of high-dose green tea extract on weight reduction: a randomi…	Clin Nutr
Vazquez Cisneros, LC (2017) [Abs]	Effects of green tea and its epigallocatechin (EGCG) content on body weight and …	Nutr Hosp
Li, X (2020) [Abs]	Does tea extract supplementation benefit metabolic syndrome and obesity? A syste…	Clin Nutr
Lin, Y (2020) [Abs]	The effect of green tea supplementation on obesity: a systematic review and dose…	Phytother Res
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Guar Gum (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Pittler & Ernst (2001) [Abs]	Guar gum for body weight reduction: meta-analysis of randomized trials	Am J Med
Birketvedt, GS (2005) [Full]	Experiences with three different fiber supplements in weight reduction	Med Sci Monitor
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Guarana (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Boozer, CN (2001) [Full]	An herbal supplement containing Ma Huang-Guarana for weight loss: a randomized, …	Int J Obes
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract (Actiponin)

Reference	Title	Journal
Park, S-H (2014) [Full]	Antiobesity effect of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract (Actiponin): a randomized,…	Obesity

High Fructose Corn Syrup (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Te Morenga, L (2012) [Full]	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomise…	Br Med J
Klurfeld, DM (2013) [Full]	Lack of evidence for high fructose corn syrup as the cause of the obesity epidem…	Int J Obes
White, JS (2013) [Full]	Challenging the Fructose hypothesis: new perspectives on fructose consumption an…	Adv Nutr
Bray & Popkin (2014) [Full]	Dietary sugar and body weight: Have we reached a crisis in the epidemic of obesi…	Diabetes Care
Kahn & Sievenpiper (2014) [Full]	Dietary sugar and body weight: Have we reached a crisis in the epidemic of obesi…	Diabetes Care

High Fructose Corn Syrup (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lowndes, J (2012) [Full]	The effects of four hypocaloric diets containing different levels of sucrose or …	Nutr J
Te Morenga, L (2012) [Full]	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomise…	Br Med J
Lowndes, J (2014) [Full]	The effects of fructose-containing sugars on weight, body composition and cardio…	Nutrients

Honey (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Yaghoobi, N (2008) [Full]	Natural honey and cardiovascular risk factors; Effects on blood glucose, cholest…	Sci World J
Ab Wahab, SZ (2018) [Full]	Long-term effects of honey on cardiovascular parameters and anthropometric measu…	Complement Ther Med
Akhbari, M (2021) [Full]	The effects of oral consumption of honey on key metabolic profiles in adult pati…	Evidence-Based Comp Alt Med

Inulin (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Dewulf, EM (2013) [Full]	Insight into the prebiotic concept: lessons from an exploratory, double blind in…	Gut
Liber & Szajewska (2013) [Full]	Effects of inulin-type fructans on appetite, energy intake, and body weight in c…	Ann Nutr Metab
Aliasgharzadeh, A (2015) [Full]	A combination of prebiotic inulin and oligofructose improve some of cardiovascul…	Adv Pharm Bull
Guess, ND (2015) [Full]	A randomized controlled trial: the effect of inulin on weight management and ect…	Nutr Metab
Hess, AL (2019) [Abs]	The effect of inulin and resistant maltodextrin on weight loss during energy res…	Eur J Nutr
Vaghef-Mehrabany, E (2019) [Abs]	Calorie restriction in combination with prebiotic supplementation in obese women…	Nutr Neurosci
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Irvingia gabonensis (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Ngondi, JL (2005) [Full]	The effect of Irvingia gabonensis seeds on body weight and blood lipids of obese…	Lipids Health Disease
Ngondi, JL (2009) [Full]	IGOB131, a novel seed extract of the West African plant Irvingia gabonensis, sig…	Lipids Health Disease

Lactobacillus (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Jung, SP (2013) [Full]	Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 on overweight and obese adults: a randomiz…	Korean J Fam Med
Kadooka, Y (2013) [Full]	Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 in fermented milk on abdominal adiposity…	Br J Nutr
Sharafedtinov, KK (2013) [Full]	Hypocaloric diet supplemented with probiotic cheese improves body mass index and…	Nutr J
Crovesy, L (2017) [Abs]	Effect of Lactobacillus on body weight and body fat in overweight subjects: a sy…	Int J Obes

Lactovegetarian (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Newby, PK (2005) [Full]	Risk of overweight and obesity among semivegetarian, lactovegetarian, and vegan …	Am J Clin Nutr

Lauric Acid (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Raatz, SK (2017) [Full]	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US…	Nutrients

Licorice (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Tominaga, Y (2006) [Abs]	Licorice flavonoid oil effects body weight loss by reduction of body fat mass in…	J Health Sci
Tominaga, Y (2009) [Abs]	Licorice flavonoid oil reduces total body fat and visceral fat in overweight sub…	Obes Res Clin Pract
Bell, ZW (2011) [Full]	A dual investigation of the effect of dietary supplementation with licorice flav…	Lipids Health Disease
Alizadeh, M (2018) [Full]	Changes of insulin resistance and adipokines following supplementation with Glyc…	Adv Pharm Bull
Luis, A (2018) [Abs]	Metabolic changes after licorice consumption: a systematic review with meta-anal…	Phytomed
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Linoleic Acid (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bjermo, H (2012) [Full]	Effects of n-6 PUFAs compared with SFAs on liver fat, lipoproteins, and inflamma…	Am J Clin Nutr

Linolenic Acid (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Raatz, SK (2017) [Full]	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US…	Nutrients

Low-Fat Cheese & Sour Cream (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Pereira, MA (2002) [Full]	Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults …	JAMA

Low-Fat Dairy (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Pereira, MA (2002) [Full]	Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults …	JAMA
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Babio, N (2015) [Full]	Consumption of yogurt, low-fat milk, and other low-fat dairy products is associa…	J Nutr
Rautiainen, S (2016) [Full]	Dairy consumption in association with weight change and risk of becoming overwei…	Am J Clin Nutr

Low-Fat Milk (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Pereira, MA (2002) [Full]	Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults …	JAMA
Rosell, M (2006) [Full]	Association between dairy food consumption and weight change over 9 y in 19,352 …	Am J Clin Nutr
Duffey, KJ (2010) [Full]	Drinking caloric beverages increases the risk of adverse cardiometabolic outcome…	Am J Clin Nutr
Pan, A (2013) [Full]	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from …	Int J Obes
Babio, N (2015) [Full]	Consumption of yogurt, low-fat milk, and other low-fat dairy products is associa…	J Nutr
Funtikova, AN (2015) [Full]	Soft drink consumption is positively associated with increased waist circumferen…	J Nutr

Low-Fat Milk (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Gilbert, J-A (2010) [Full]	Milk supplementation facilitates appetite control in obese women during weight l…	Br J Nutr
Faghih, S (2011) [Abs]	Comparison of the effects of cows’ milk, fortified soy milk, and calcium supplem…	Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
Rosado, JL (2011) [Abs]	Intake of milk with added micronutrients increases the effectiveness of an energ…	J Am Diet Assoc

Low-Fat Yogurt (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Babio, N (2015) [Full]	Consumption of yogurt, low-fat milk, and other low-fat dairy products is associa…	J Nutr
Sayon-Orea, C (2015) [Full]	Association between yogurt consumption and the risk of metabolic syndrome over 6…	BMC Public Health

Low-Fat Yogurt (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Madjd, A (2016) [Full]	Comparison of the effect of daily consumption of probiotic compared with low-fat…	Am J Clin Nutr

Magnesium (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Laires, MJ (2004) [Abs]	Magnesium, insulin resistance and body composition in healthy postmenopausal wom…	J Am Coll Nutr
Ford, ES (2007) [Full]	Intake of dietary magnesium and the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among U…	Obesity
Alasfar, F (2011) [Abs]	Selenium is significantly depleted among morbidly obese female patients seeking …	Obes Surg
Beydoun, MA (2018) [Full]	Dairy product consumption and its association with metabolic disturbance in a pr…	Br J Nutr
Castellanos-Gutierrez, A (2018) [Full]	Higher dietary magnesium intake is associated with lower body mass index, waist …	Nutr J
Zohal, M (2019) [Abs]	Association between selected trace elements and body mass index and waist circum…	Diab Metab Synd Clin Res Rev

Magnesium (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Rodriguez-Moran & Guerrero-Romero (2003) [Full]	Oral magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity and metabolic contro…	Diabetes Care
Karandish, M (2013) [Full]	The effect of magnesium supplementation and weight loss on liver enzymes in pati…	J Res Med Sci
Whitfield, P (2016) [Abs]	The effect of a cinnamon-, chromium- and magnesium-formulated honey on glycaemic…	Eur J Nutr

Manganese (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Sanchez, C (2010) [Abs]	Plasma levels of copper, manganese and selenium in an adult population in southe…	Sci Total Environ

Mangosteen (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Udani, J (2009) [Full]	Evaluation of mangosteen juice blend on biomarkers of inflammation in obese subj…	Nutr J
Stern, JS (2013) [Full]	Efficacy and tolerability of a novel herbal formulation for weight management	Obesity
Xie, Z (2015) [Full]	Daily consumption of a mangosteen-based drink improves in vivo antioxidant and a…	Food Sci Nutr
Kudiganti, V (2016) [Full]	Efficacy and tolerability of Meratrim for weight management: a randomized, doubl…	Lipids Health Disease
Watanabe, M (2018) [Full]	Mangosteen extract shows a potent insulin sensitizing effect in obese female pat…	Nutrients
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Meat (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kahn, HS (1997) [Full]	Stable behaviors associated with adults’ 10-year change in body mass index and l…	Am J Public Health
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Spencer, EA (2003) [Full]	Diet and body mass index in 38,000 EPIC-Oxford meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetar…	Int J Obes
Rosell, M (2006) [Full]	Weight gain over 5 years in 21,966 meat-eating, fish-eating, vegetarian, and veg…	Int J Obes
Vergnaud, AC (2010) [Full]	Meat consumption and prospective weight change in participants of the EPIC-PANAC…	Am J Clin Nutr
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res

Medium Chain Triglycerides (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Krotkiewski, M (2001) [Full]	Value of VLCD supplementation with medium chain triglycerides	Int J Obes
Tsuji, H (2001) [Full]	Dietary medium-chained triacylglycerols suppress accumulation of body fat in a d…	J Nutr
St-Onge & Bosarge (2008) [Full]	Weight-loss diet that includes consumption of medium-chain triacylglycerol oil l…	Am J Clin Nutr

Meratrim (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Stern, JS (2013) [Full]	Efficacy and tolerability of a novel herbal formulation for weight management	Obesity
Kudiganti, V (2016) [Full]	Efficacy and tolerability of Meratrim for weight management: a randomized, doubl…	Lipids Health Disease

Monosodium Glutamate (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Samuels (2010) [Full]	Monosodium glutamate is not associated with obesity or a greater prevalence of w…	Br J Nutr
Shi, Z (2010) [Full]	Monosodium glutamate is not associated with obesity or a greater prevalence of w…	Br J Nutr
He, K (2011) [Full]	Consumption of monosodium glutamate in relation to incidence of overweight in Ch…	Am J Clin Nutr
Hien, VTT (2012) [Full]	Monosodium glutamate is not associated with overweight in Vietnamese adults	Public Health Nutr
Insawang, T (2012) [Full]	Monosodium glutamate (MSG) intake is associated with the prevalence of metabolic…	Nutr Metab
Rogers, MD (2013) [Full]	Further studies are necessary in order to conclude a causal association between …	Nutr Metab

Monounsaturated Fat (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Koh-Banerjee, P (2003) [Full]	Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physical acti…	Am J Clin Nutr
Field, AE (2007) [Full]	Dietary fat and weight gain among women in the nurses’ health study	Obesity
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Raatz, SK (2017) [Full]	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US…	Nutrients
Liu, X (2018) [Full]	Changes in types of dietary fats influence long-term weight change in US women a…	J Nutr

Monounsaturated Fat (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Low, CC (1996) [Abs]	Potentiation of effects of weight loss by monounsaturated fatty acids in obese N…	Diabetes
Colette, C (2003) [Full]	Exchanging carbohydrates for monounsaturated fats in energy-restricted diets: ef…	Int J Obes
Piers, LS (2003) [Full]	Substitution of saturated with monounsaturated fat in a 4-week diet affects body…	Br J Nutr
Pelkman, CL (2004) [Full]	Effects of moderate-fat (from monounsaturated) and low-fat weight-loss diets on …	Am J Clin Nutr
Pieterse, Z (2005) [Abs]	Substitution of high monounsaturated fatty acid avocado for mixed dietary fats d…	Nutrition
Baxheinrich, A (2012) [Full]	Effects of a rapeseed oil-enriched hypoenergetic diet with a high content of alp…	Br J Nutr
Munro & Garg (2012) [Full]	Dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFA does not promote weight loss when combined…	Br J Nutr
Munro & Garg (2013) [Abs]	Dietary supplementation with long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and …	Obes Res Clin Pract

Multi-ingredient Supplements (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lopez, HL (2013) [Full]	Eight weeks of supplementation with a multi-ingredient weight loss product enhan…	J Int Soc Sports Nutr
Stern, JS (2013) [Full]	Efficacy and tolerability of a novel herbal formulation for weight management	Obesity
Liu, Y (2015) [Full]	A dietary supplement containing cinnamon, chromium and carnosine decreases fasti…	PLOS ONE
Kudiganti, V (2016) [Full]	Efficacy and tolerability of Meratrim for weight management: a randomized, doubl…	Lipids Health Disease
Whitfield, P (2016) [Abs]	The effect of a cinnamon-, chromium- and magnesium-formulated honey on glycaemic…	Eur J Nutr

Mushrooms (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Poddar, KH (2013) [Abs]	Positive effect of mushrooms substituted for meat on body weight, body compositi…	Appetite

Myristric Acid (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Raatz, SK (2017) [Full]	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US…	Nutrients

Nuts (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2007) [Full]	Nut consumption and weight gain in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN study	Obesity
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2009) [Full]	Prospective study of nut consumption, long-term weight change, and obesity risk …	Am J Clin Nutr
Martinez-Gonzalez & Bes-Rastrollo (2011) [Abs]	Nut consumption, weight gain, and obesity: Epidemiological evidence	Nur Metab Cardiovasc
Mozaffarian, D (2011) [Full]	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
O’Neil, CE (2012) [Abs]	Out-of-hand nut consumption is associated with improved nutrient intake and heal…	Nutr Res
Vadivel, V (2012) [Abs]	Health benefits of nut consumption with special reference to body weight	Nutrition
Fernandez-Montero, A (2013) [Full]	Nut consumption and incidence of metabolic syndrome after 6-year follow up: the …	Public Health Nutr
Schwingshackl, L (2017) [Full]	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analys…	Am J Clin Nutr
Freisling, H (2018) [Abs]	Nut intake and 5-year changes in body weight and obesity risk in adults: results…	Eur J Nutr
Schlesinger, S (2019) [Full]	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic revie…	Adv Nutr

Nuts (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Salas-Alvado, J (2008) [Full]	Effect of Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts on metabolic syndrome status…	Ann Intern Med
Li, Z (2010) [Abs]	Pistachio nuts reduce triglycerides and body weight by comparison to refined car…	J Am Coll Nutr
Foster, GD (2012) [Full]	A randomized trial of the effects of an almond-enriched, hypocaloric diet in the…	Am J Clin Nutr
Vadivel, V (2012) [Abs]	Health benefits of nut consumption with special reference to body weight	Nutrition
Flores-Mateo, G (2013) [Full]	Nut intake and adiposity: meta-analysis of clinical trials	Am J Clin Nutr
Njike, VY (2017) [Abs]	Snacking, satiety, and weight: a randomized, controlled trial	Am J Health Promot

Oats (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Saltzman, E (2000) [Abs]	Effects of a cereal rich in soluble fiber on body composition and dietary compli…	J Am Coll Nutr
McGeoch, SC (2013) [Full]	A randomized crossover study to assess the effect of an oat-rich diet on glycaem…	Diabetic Med
Li, X (2016) [Full]	Short- and long-term effects of wholegrain oat intake on weight management and g…	Nutrients

Oleic Acid (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nimptsch, K (2010) [Full]	Effect of dietary fatty acid intake on prospective weight change in the Heidelbe…	Public Health Nutr
Raatz, SK (2017) [Full]	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US…	Nutrients

Oleic Acid (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Alves, RDM (2014) [Full]	Regular intake of high-oleic peanuts improves fat oxidation and body composition…	Obesity
Harden, CJ (2014) [Abs]	Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation had no effect on body weig…	Nutr Res
Liu, X (2016) [Full]	Effects of canola and high-oleic-acid canola oils on abdominal fat mass in indiv…	Obesity
Raeisi-Dehkordi, H (2019) [Full]	The effect of canola oil on body weight and composition: a systematic review and…	Adv Nutr

Oligofructose (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Parnell & Reimer (2009) [Full]	Weight loss during oligofructose supplementation is associated with decreased gh…	Am J Clin Nutr
Dewulf, EM (2013) [Full]	Insight into the prebiotic concept: lessons from an exploratory, double blind in…	Gut
Aliasgharzadeh, A (2015) [Full]	A combination of prebiotic inulin and oligofructose improve some of cardiovascul…	Adv Pharm Bull
Pol, K (2018) [Full]	The efficacy of daily snack replacement with oligofructose-enriched granola bars…	Br J Nutr

Olive Oil (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2006) [Abs]	Olive oil consumption and weight change: the SUN prospective cohort study	Lipids
Soriguer, F (2009) [Full]	Incidence of obesity is lower in persons who consume olive oil	Eur J Clin Nutr
Benitez-Arciniega, AD (2012) [Full]	Olive oil consumption, BMI, and risk of obesity in Spanish adults	Obes Facts
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res

Olive Oil (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Blankson, H (2000) [Full]	Conjugated linoleic acid reduces body fat mass in overweight and obese humans	J Nutr
St-Onge & Bosarge (2008) [Full]	Weight-loss diet that includes consumption of medium-chain triacylglycerol oil l…	Am J Clin Nutr
Baxheinrich, A (2012) [Full]	Effects of a rapeseed oil-enriched hypoenergetic diet with a high content of alp…	Br J Nutr
Nigam, P (2014) [Abs]	Effect of a 6-month intervention with cooking oils containing a high concentrati…	Diabetes Tech Ther
Candido, FG (2018) [Abs]	Consumption of extra virgin olive oil improves body composition and blood pressu…	Eur J Nutr

Omega-3 Fatty Acids (EPA & DHA) (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nimptsch, K (2010) [Full]	Effect of dietary fatty acid intake on prospective weight change in the Heidelbe…	Public Health Nutr
Jakobsen, MU (2011) [Full]	Plasma phospholipid long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and body weight c…	Obes Facts
Vanhala, M (2012) [Full]	Serum omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the metabolic syndrome: a longitud…	Am J Epidemiol
Lund, AS (2013) [Full]	N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, body fat and inflammation	Obes Facts
Kim, YS (2016) [Full]	Intake of fish and long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and incidence …	Eur J Nutr
Jakobsen, MU (2017) [Full]	Dietary intake and adipose tissue content of long-chain n-3 PUFAs and subsequent…	Am J Clin Nutr
Raatz, SK (2017) [Full]	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US…	Nutrients
Hastert, TA (2018) [Full]	Association of plasma phospholipid polyunsaturated and trans faty acids with bod…	Int J Obes

Omega-3 Fatty Acids (EPA & DHA) (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Munro & Garg (2012) [Full]	Dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFA does not promote weight loss when combined…	Br J Nutr
Munro & Garg (2013) [Abs]	Prior supplementation with long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids promot…	Food Funct
Harden, CJ (2014) [Abs]	Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation had no effect on body weig…	Nutr Res
Huerta, AE (2015) [Full]	Effects of a-lipoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in overweight and obese women…	Obesity
de Luis, DA (2016) [Abs]	Effect of DHA supplementation in a very low-calorie ketogenic diet in the treatm…	Endocrine
Hames, KC (2017) [Full]	Very-long-chain omega-3 fatty acid supplements and adipose tissue functions: a r…	Am J Clin Nutr
Zhang, YY (2017) [Abs]	Efficacy of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation in managing over…	J Nutr Health Aging

Orange Juice (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
O’Neil, CE (2012) [Full]	100% orange juice consumption is associated with better diet quality, improved n…	Nutr J
Wang, Y (2012) [Full]	Impact of orange juice consumption on macronutrient and energy intakes and body …	Public Health Nutr

Orange Juice (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Rangel-Huerta, OD (2015) [Full]	Normal or high polyphenol concentration in orange juice affects antioxidant acti…	J Nutr
Azzini, E (2017) [Full]	Effect of red orange juice consumption on body composition and nutritional statu…	Oxid Med Cell Long
Rampersaud, GC (2017) [Abs]	100% citrus juice: nutritional contribution, dietary benefits, and association w…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
Ribeiro, C (2017) [Full]	Orange juice allied to a reduced-calorie diet results in weight loss and amelior…	Nutrition

Organic Foods (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kesse-Guyot, E (2017) [Full]	Prospective association between consumption frequency of organic food and body w…	Br J Nutr

Palmitic Acid (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nimptsch, K (2010) [Full]	Effect of dietary fatty acid intake on prospective weight change in the Heidelbe…	Public Health Nutr
Raatz, SK (2017) [Full]	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US…	Nutrients

Peanuts (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Pelkman, CL (2004) [Full]	Effects of moderate-fat (from monounsaturated) and low-fat weight-loss diets on …	Am J Clin Nutr
McKiernan, F (2010) [Full]	Effects of peanut processing on body weight and fasting plasma lipids	Br J Nutr
Alves, RDM (2014) [Full]	Regular intake of high-oleic peanuts improves fat oxidation and body composition…	Obesity

Phaseolus vulgaris - Common Bean (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Barrett & Udani (2011) [Full]	A proprietary alpha-amylase inhibitor from white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris): a re…	Nutr J
Onakpoya, I (2011) [Full]	The efficacy of Phaseolus vulgaris as a weight-loss supplement: a systematic rev…	Br J Nutr
Manore, MM (2012) [Abs]	Dietary supplements for improving body composition and reducing body weight: whe…	Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab
He, S (2018) [Abs]	Phaseolus vulgaris lectins: a systematic review of characteristics of health imp…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
Udani, J (2018) [Full]	Systematic review and meta-analysis of a proprietary alpha-amylase inhibitor fro…	Foods
Wang, S (2020) [Full]	Regular intake of white kidney beans extract (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) induces wei…	Food Sci Nutr
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Phosphorus (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Haglin, L (2001) [Full]	Hypophophatemia in the metabolic syndrome. Gender differences in body weight and…	Eur J Clin Nutr
Haap, M (2006) [Full]	Association of serum phosphate levels with glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivit…	Eur J Clin Nutr
Beydoun, MA (2008) [Full]	Ethnic differences in dairy and related nutrient consumption among US adults and…	Am J Clin Nutr
Obeid, OA (2013) [Abs]	Low phosphorus status might contibute to the onset of obesity	Obes Rev
Beydoun, MA (2018) [Full]	Dairy product consumption and its association with metabolic disturbance in a pr…	Br J Nutr
Zohal, M (2019) [Abs]	Association between selected trace elements and body mass index and waist circum…	Diab Metab Synd Clin Res Rev

Phosphorus (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Ayoub, JJ (2015) [Full]	Effect of phosphorus supplementation on weight gain and waist circumference of o…	Nutr Diabetes

Pistachios (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Li, Z (2010) [Abs]	Pistachio nuts reduce triglycerides and body weight by comparison to refined car…	J Am Coll Nutr
Wang, X (2012) [Full]	Effects of pistachios on body weight in Chinese subjects with metabolic syndrome	Nutr J
Xia, K (2020) [Full]	The relationship between pistachio (Pistacia vera L) intake and adiposity. A sys…	Medicine

Plant Stanol or Sterol Esters (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Hallikainen, MA (2000) [Full]	Comparison of the effects of plant sterol ester and plant stanol ester-enriched …	Eur J Clin Nutr
Vanstone, CA (2002) [Full]	Unesterified plant sterols and stanols lower LDL-cholesterol concentrations equi…	Am J Clin Nutr
Lau, V (2005) [Full]	Plant sterols are efficacious in lowering plasma LDL and non-HDL cholesterol in …	Am J Clin Nutr
Yoshida, M (2006) [Full]	Effect of plant sterols and glucomannan on lipids in individuals with and withou…	Eur J Clin Nutr
Athyros, VGKA (2011) [Abs]	Effect of a plant stanol ester-containing spread, placebo spread, or Mediterrane…	Nutr Metab Cardio Dis

Polyphenols (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nagao, T (2005) [Full]	Ingestion of a tea rich in catechins leads to a reduction in body fat and malond…	Am J Clin Nutr
Tominaga, Y (2006) [Abs]	Licorice flavonoid oil effects body weight loss by reduction of body fat mass in…	J Health Sci
Nagao, T (2007) [Full]	A green tea extract high in catechins reduces body fat and cardiovascular risks …	Obesity
Hsu, C-H (2008) [Abs]	Effect of green tea extract on obese women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-…	Clin Nutr
Hollis, JH (2009) [Abs]	Effects of concord grape juice on appetite, diet, body weight, lipid profile, an…	J Am Coll Nutr
Tominaga, Y (2009) [Abs]	Licorice flavonoid oil reduces total body fat and visceral fat in overweight sub…	Obes Res Clin Pract
Akazome, Y (2010) [Abs]	Evaluation of safety of excessive intake and efficacy of long-term intake of bev…	J Oleo Sci
Basu, A (2010) [Abs]	Green tea supplementation affects body weight, lipids, and lipid peroxidation in…	J Am Coll Nutr
Wang, H (2010) [Full]	Effects of catechin enriched green tea on body composition	Obesity
Bell, ZW (2011) [Full]	A dual investigation of the effect of dietary supplementation with licorice flav…	Lipids Health Disease
Brown, AL (2011) [Full]	Health effects of green tea catechins in overweight and obese men: a randomised …	Br J Nutr
Barth, SW (2012) [Abs]	Moderate effects of apple juice consumption on obesity-related markers in obese …	Eur J Nutr
Shin, HC (2012) [Abs]	Effects of 12-week oral supplementation of Ecklonia cava polyphenols on anthropo…	Phytother Res
Suliburska, J (2012) [Full]	Effects of green tea supplementation on elements, total antioxidants, lipids, an…	Biol Trace Elem Res
Pfeuffer, M (2013) [Abs]	Effect of quercetin on traits of the metabolic sydrome, endothelial function and…	Nutr Metab Cardio Disease
Poulsen, MM (2013) [Full]	High-dose resveratrol supplementation in obese men. An investigator-inititated, …	Diabetes
Chang, HC (2014) [Abs]	Hibiscus sabdariffa extract inhibits obesity and fat accumulation, and improves …	Food Funct
Dallas, C (2014) [Abs]	Clinical study to assess the efficacy and safety of a citrus polyphenolic extrac…	Phytother Res
Rangel-Huerta, OD (2015) [Full]	Normal or high polyphenol concentration in orange juice affects antioxidant acti…	J Nutr
Farhat, G (2017) [Abs]	Polyphenols and their role in obesity management: a systematic review of randomi…	Phytother Res
Llaha & Zamora-Ros (2020) [Full]	The effects of polyphenol supplementation in addition to calorie restricted diet…	Front Nutr

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Koh-Banerjee, P (2003) [Full]	Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physical acti…	Am J Clin Nutr
Field, AE (2007) [Full]	Dietary fat and weight gain among women in the nurses’ health study	Obesity
Jakobsen, MU (2011) [Full]	Plasma phospholipid long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and body weight c…	Obes Facts
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Vanhala, M (2012) [Full]	Serum omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the metabolic syndrome: a longitud…	Am J Epidemiol
Lund, AS (2013) [Full]	N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, body fat and inflammation	Obes Facts
Jakobsen, MU (2017) [Full]	Dietary intake and adipose tissue content of long-chain n-3 PUFAs and subsequent…	Am J Clin Nutr
Hastert, TA (2018) [Full]	Association of plasma phospholipid polyunsaturated and trans faty acids with bod…	Int J Obes
Liu, X (2018) [Full]	Changes in types of dietary fats influence long-term weight change in US women a…	J Nutr

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Summers, LKM (2002) [Full]	Substituting dietary saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat changes abdominal fa…	Diabetologia
Bjermo, H (2012) [Full]	Effects of n-6 PUFAs compared with SFAs on liver fat, lipoproteins, and inflamma…	Am J Clin Nutr
Harden, CJ (2014) [Abs]	Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation had no effect on body weig…	Nutr Res
Hames, KC (2017) [Full]	Very-long-chain omega-3 fatty acid supplements and adipose tissue functions: a r…	Am J Clin Nutr

Pork (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Murphy, KJ (2014) [Full]	A comparison of regular consumption of fresh lean pork, beef and chicken on body…	Nutrients

Potato Chips (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Mozaffarian, D (2011) [Full]	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM

Probiotics (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Jung, SP (2013) [Full]	Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 on overweight and obese adults: a randomiz…	Korean J Fam Med
Kadooka, Y (2013) [Full]	Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 in fermented milk on abdominal adiposity…	Br J Nutr
Sharafedtinov, KK (2013) [Full]	Hypocaloric diet supplemented with probiotic cheese improves body mass index and…	Nutr J
Park & Bae (2015) [Abs]	Probiotics for weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis	Nutr Res
Madjd, A (2016) [Full]	Comparison of the effect of daily consumption of probiotic compared with low-fat…	Am J Clin Nutr
Sanchez, M (2017) [Full]	Effects of a diet-based weight-reducing program with probiotic supplementation o…	Nutrients
Borgeraas, H (2018) [Full]	Effects of probiotics on body weight, body mass index, fat mass and fat percenta…	Obes Rev
Shabani, Z (2018) [Abs]	The effects of a novel combination of selenium and probiotic on weight loss, gly…	J Funct Foods

Processed Meats (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Mozaffarian, D (2011) [Full]	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Rouhani, MH (2014) [Abs]	Is there a relationship between red or processed meat intake and obesity? A syst…	Obes Rev
Schwingshackl, L (2017) [Full]	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analys…	Am J Clin Nutr
Schlesinger, S (2019) [Full]	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic revie…	Adv Nutr

Psyllium (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Rodriquez-Moran, M (1998) [Abs]	Lipid- and glucose-lowering efficacy of Plantago Psyllium in type II diabetes	J Diabetes Complications
Pal, S (2010) [Full]	The effect of a fibre supplement compared to a healthy diet on body composition,…	Br J Nutr
Abutair, AS (2016) [Full]	Soluble fibers from psyllium improve glycemic response and body weight among dia…	Nutr J
Mofrad, MD (2019) [Abs]	The effects of psyllium supplementation on body weight, body mass index and wais…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients
Xiao, Z (2020) [Abs]	The effect of psyllium consumption on body weight, body mass index, lipid profil…	Phytother Res

Pyruvate (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Stanko, RT (1992) [Abs]	Body composition, energy utilization, and nitrogen metabolism with a 4.25 - MJ/d…	Am J Clin Nutr
Kalman, D (1998) [Abs]	Effect of pyruvate supplementation on body composition and mood	Curr Ther Res
Kalman, D (1999) [Abs]	The effects of pyruvate supplementation on body composition in overweight indivi…	Nutrition
Onakpoya, I (2014) [Abs]	Pyruvate supplementation for weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis …	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Quercetin (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Pfeuffer, M (2013) [Abs]	Effect of quercetin on traits of the metabolic sydrome, endothelial function and…	Nutr Metab Cardio Disease
Huang, H (2019) [Full]	Clinical effectiveness of quercetin supplementation in the management of weight …	Diabetol Metab Syndr

Ready to Eat Cereal (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bazzano, LA (2005) [Full]	Dietary intake of whole and refined grain breakfast cereals and weight gain in m…	Obes Res
Song, WO (2005) [Abs]	Is consumption of breakfast associated with body mass index in US adults?	J Am Diet Assoc
McKeown, NM (2009) [Full]	Whole-grain intake and cereal fiber are associated with lower abdominal adiposit…	J Nutr
Albertson, AM (2012) [Full]	Ready-to-eat cereal consumption patterns: The relationship to nutrient intake, w…	J Aging Res
Deshmukh-Taskar, P (2012) [Abs]	The relationship of breakfast skpping and type of breakfast consumed with overwe…	Public Health Nutr
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Quatela, A (2017) [Full]	Breakfast cereal consumption and obesity risk amongst the mid-age cohort of the …	Healthcare

Ready to Eat Cereal (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Mattes, RD (2002) [Abs]	Ready-to-eat cereal used as a meal replacement promotes weight loss in humans	J Am Coll Nutr
Waller, SM (2004) [Abs]	Evening ready-to-eat cereal consumption contributes to weight management	J Am Coll Nutr
Vander Wal, JS (2007) [Abs]	Ready-to-eat cereal products as meal replacements for weight loss	Int J Food Sci Nutr
Kuriyan, R (2017) [Abs]	Portion controlled ready-to-eat meal replacement is associated with short term w…	Asia Pac J Clin Nutr

Red Meat (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2006) [Full]	Predictors of weight gain in a Mediterranean cohort: the Sequimiento Universidad…	Am J Clin Nutr
Mozaffarian, D (2011) [Full]	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Rouhani, MH (2014) [Abs]	Is there a relationship between red or processed meat intake and obesity? A syst…	Obes Rev
Wang, Z (2014) [Full]	Fatty and lean red meat consumption in China: differential association with Chin…	Nutr Metab Cardiovas Dis
Schwingshackl, L (2017) [Full]	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analys…	Am J Clin Nutr
Schlesinger, S (2019) [Full]	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic revie…	Adv Nutr

Red Meat (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Yamashita, T (1998) [Abs]	Arterial compliance, blood pressure, plasma leptin, and plasma lipids in women a…	Metabolism
Melanson, K (2003) [Abs]	Weight loss and total lipid profile changes in overweight women consuming beef o…	Nutrition
McMillan-Price, J (2006) [Full]	Comparison of 4 diets of varying glycemic load on weight loss and cardiovascular…	Arch Intern Med
Murphy, KJ (2014) [Full]	A comparison of regular consumption of fresh lean pork, beef and chicken on body…	Nutrients
O’Connor, LE (2018) [Full]	A Mediterranean-style eating pattern with lean, unprocessed red meat has cardiom…	Am J Clin Nutr
Starr, KNP (2019) [Full]	Impact on cardiometabolic risk of a weight loss intervention with higher protein…	J Clin Lipidology

Red Meat - Fatty (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Babio, N (2012) [Abs]	Association between red meat consumption and metabolic syndrome in a Mediterrane…	Nutr Metab Cardiovas Dis
Wang, Z (2014) [Full]	Fatty and lean red meat consumption in China: differential association with Chin…	Nutr Metab Cardiovas Dis

Red Meat - Lean (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Wang, Z (2014) [Full]	Fatty and lean red meat consumption in China: differential association with Chin…	Nutr Metab Cardiovas Dis

Red Wine (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Cordain, L (1997) [Abs]	Influence of moderate daily wine consumption on body weight regulation and metab…	J Am Coll Nutr
Cordain, L (2000) [Abs]	Influence of moderate chronic wine consumption on insulin sensitivity and other …	Metabolism
Beulens, JW (2006) [Full]	The effect of moderate alcohol consumption on fat distribution and adipocytokine…	Obesity
Addolorato, G (2008) [Abs]	Effects of short-term moderate alcohol administration on oxidative stress and nu…	Appetite
Golan, R (2017) [Full]	Effects of initiating moderate wine intake on abdominal adipose tissue in adults…	Public Health Nutr

Reduced Fat Products (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Verboeket-van de Venne, W (1996) [Abs]	Long-term effects of consumption of full-fat or reduced-fat products in healthy …	Metabolism
Westerterp-Plantenga, MS (1998) [Full]	Energy intake and body weight effects of six months reduced or full fat diets, a…	Int J Obes
Nolan-Clark, D (2013) [Abs]	Dietary consequences of recommending reduced-fat dairy products in the weight-lo…	J Acad Nutr Diet
Raziani, F (2016) [Full]	High intake of regular-fat cheese compared with reduced-fat cheese does not affe…	Am J Clin Nutr

Refined Grains (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Liu, SM (2003) [Full]	Relation between changes in intakes of dietary fiber and grain products and chan…	Am J Clin Nutr
Bazzano, LA (2005) [Full]	Dietary intake of whole and refined grain breakfast cereals and weight gain in m…	Obes Res
McKeown, NM (2010) [Full]	Whole- and refined-grain intakes are differentially associated with abdominal vi…	Am J Clin Nutr
Kristensen, M (2012) [Full]	Whole grain compared with refined wheat decreases the percentage of body fat fol…	J Nutr
Schwingshackl, L (2017) [Full]	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analys…	Am J Clin Nutr
Schlesinger, S (2019) [Full]	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic revie…	Adv Nutr

Refined Grains (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Harris Jackson, K (2014) [Full]	Effects of whole and refined grains in a weight-loss diet on markers of metaboli…	Am J Clin Nutr
Kirwan, JP (2016) [Full]	A whole-grain diet reduces cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese a…	J Nutr
Kopf, JC (2018) [Full]	Role of whole grains versus fruits and vegetables in reducing subclinical inflam…	Nutr J
Roager, HM (2019) [Full]	Whole grain-rich diet reduces body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation wi…	Gut
Marshall, S (2020) [Abs]	The effect of replacing refined grains with whole grains on cardiovascular risk …	J Acad Nutr Diet

Resveratrol (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Timmers, S (2011) [Full]	Calorie restriction-like effects of 30 days of resveratrol supplementation on en…	Cell Metab
Yoshino, J (2012) [Full]	Resveratrol supplementation does not improve metabolic function in nonobese wome…	Cell Metab
Poulsen, MM (2013) [Full]	High-dose resveratrol supplementation in obese men. An investigator-inititated, …	Diabetes
Tabrizi, R (2020) [Abs]	The effects of resveratrol intake on weight loss: a systematic review and meta-a…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr

Salty Snacks (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Mozaffarian, D (2011) [Full]	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM

Saturated Fat (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Romieu, I (1988) [Abs]	Energy intake and other determinants of relative weight	Am J Clin Nutr
Ludwig, DS (1999) [Full]	Dietary fiber, weight gain, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in young adu…	JAMA
Koh-Banerjee, P (2003) [Full]	Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physical acti…	Am J Clin Nutr
Field, AE (2007) [Full]	Dietary fat and weight gain among women in the nurses’ health study	Obesity
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2008) [Full]	Prospective study of dietary energy density and weight gain in women	Am J Clin Nutr
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Raatz, SK (2017) [Full]	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US…	Nutrients
Liu, X (2018) [Full]	Changes in types of dietary fats influence long-term weight change in US women a…	J Nutr

Saturated Fat (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Summers, LKM (2002) [Full]	Substituting dietary saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat changes abdominal fa…	Diabetologia
Piers, LS (2003) [Full]	Substitution of saturated with monounsaturated fat in a 4-week diet affects body…	Br J Nutr
de la Puebla, RAF (2003) [Abs]	A reduction in dietary saturated fat decreases body fat content in overweight, h…	Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
Bjermo, H (2012) [Full]	Effects of n-6 PUFAs compared with SFAs on liver fat, lipoproteins, and inflamma…	Am J Clin Nutr

Selenium (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kimmons, JE (2006) [Full]	Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient lev…	Med Gen Med
Sanchez, C (2010) [Abs]	Plasma levels of copper, manganese and selenium in an adult population in southe…	Sci Total Environ
Alasfar, F (2011) [Abs]	Selenium is significantly depleted among morbidly obese female patients seeking …	Obes Surg
Wang, Y (2016) [Full]	Significant beneficial association of high dietary selenium intake with reduced …	Nutrients

Selenium (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Navas-Carretero, S (2010) [Abs]	Frequent consumption of selenium-enriched chicken meat by adults causes weight l…	Biol Trace Elem Res
Shabani, Z (2018) [Abs]	The effects of a novel combination of selenium and probiotic on weight loss, gly…	J Funct Foods
Cavedon, E (2020) [Full]	Selenium supplementation, body mass composition, and leptin levels in patients w…	Int J Endocrinol

Semivegetarian (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Newby, PK (2005) [Full]	Risk of overweight and obesity among semivegetarian, lactovegetarian, and vegan …	Am J Clin Nutr

Skim Milk (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Rosell, M (2006) [Full]	Association between dairy food consumption and weight change over 9 y in 19,352 …	Am J Clin Nutr
Bergholdt, HKM (2015) [Full]	Milk intake is not associated with low risk of diabetes or overweight-obesity: a…	Am J Clin Nutr

Skim Milk (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lukaszuk, JM (2007) [Abs]	Preliminary study: soy milk as effective as skim milk in promoting weight loss	J Am Diet Assoc

Soups (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Kuroda, M (2011) [Abs]	Frequency of soup intake is inversely associated with body mass index, waist cir…	J Am Diet Assoc
Zhu & Hollis (2013) [Full]	Soup consumption is associated with a reduced risk of overweight and obesity but…	PLOS ONE
Kuroda & Ninomiya (2020) [Abs]	Association between soup consumption and obesity: a systematic review with meta-…	Physiol Behav

Soups (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Foreyt, JP (1986) [Abs]	Soup consumption as a behavioral weight loss strategy	J Am Diet Assoc
Rolls, BJ (2005) [Full]	Provision of foods differing in energy density affects long-term weight loss	Obes Res

Soy (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Yamashita, T (1998) [Abs]	Arterial compliance, blood pressure, plasma leptin, and plasma lipids in women a…	Metabolism
Anderson, JW (2007) [Abs]	Soy compared to casein meal replacement shakes with energy-restricted diets for …	Metabolism
Konig, D (2008) [Abs]	Effect of meal replacements on metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese su…	Ann Nutr Metab
Kwak, JH (2012) [Abs]	Weight reduction effecs of a black soy peptide supplement in overweight and obes…	Food Func
Kjolbaek, L (2017) [Full]	Protein supplements after weight loss do not improve weight maintenance compared…	Am J Clin Nutr
Mu, Y (2019) [Full]	Soy products ameliorate obesity-related anthropometric indicators in overweight …	Nutrients

Soy Bean Oil (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Candido, FG (2018) [Abs]	Consumption of extra virgin olive oil improves body composition and blood pressu…	Eur J Nutr

Soy Milk (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lukaszuk, JM (2007) [Abs]	Preliminary study: soy milk as effective as skim milk in promoting weight loss	J Am Diet Assoc
Faghih, S (2011) [Abs]	Comparison of the effects of cows’ milk, fortified soy milk, and calcium supplem…	Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis

Spirits Liquor (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lukasiewicz, E (2004) [Full]	Alcohol intake in relation to body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio: the import…	Public Health Nutr
Sayon-Orea, C (2011) [Full]	Alcohol consumption and body weight: a systematic review	Nutr Rev

Spirits Liquor (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Addolorato, G (2008) [Abs]	Effects of short-term moderate alcohol administration on oxidative stress and nu…	Appetite

Spirulina (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Zeinalian, R (2017) [Full]	The effects of Spirulina Platensis on anthropometric indices, appetite, lipid pr…	BMC Complement Alt Med
Hernandez-Lepe, MA (2018) [Full]	Effect of Arthrospira (Spirulina) maxima supplementation and a systematic physic…	Mar Drugs
Moradi, S (2019) [Abs]	Effects of Spirulina supplementation on obesity: a systematic review and meta-an…	Complement Ther Med
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

Stearic Acid (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nimptsch, K (2010) [Full]	Effect of dietary fatty acid intake on prospective weight change in the Heidelbe…	Public Health Nutr
Raatz, SK (2017) [Full]	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US…	Nutrients

Sucrose (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Te Morenga, L (2012) [Full]	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomise…	Br Med J
Bray & Popkin (2014) [Full]	Dietary sugar and body weight: Have we reached a crisis in the epidemic of obesi…	Diabetes Care
Kahn & Sievenpiper (2014) [Full]	Dietary sugar and body weight: Have we reached a crisis in the epidemic of obesi…	Diabetes Care

Sucrose (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
McDevitt, RM (2000) [Full]	Macronutrient disposal during controlled overfeeding with glucose, fructose, suc…	Am J Clin Nutr
Yaghoobi, N (2008) [Full]	Natural honey and cardiovascular risk factors; Effects on blood glucose, cholest…	Sci World J
Aeberli, I (2011) [Full]	Low to moderate sugar-sweetened beverage consumption impairs glucose and lipid m…	Am J Clin Nutr
Raben, A (2011) [Full]	Increased postprandial glycaemia, insulinemia, and lipidemia after 10 weeks’ suc…	Food Nutr Res
Lowndes, J (2012) [Full]	The effects of four hypocaloric diets containing different levels of sucrose or …	Nutr J
Maersk, M (2012) [Full]	Sucrose-sweetened beverages increase fat storage in the liever, muscle, and visc…	Am J Clin Nutr
Te Morenga, L (2012) [Full]	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomise…	Br Med J
Lewis, AS (2013) [Abs]	Comparison of 5% versus 15% sucrose intakes as part of a eucaloric diet in overw…	Metab Clin Exp
Calbet, J (2014) [Abs]	A time-efficient reduction of fat mass in 4 days with exercise and caloric restr…	Scan J Med Sci Sports
Lowndes, J (2014) [Full]	The effects of fructose-containing sugars on weight, body composition and cardio…	Nutrients

Sugar Sweetened Beverage (SSB) Consumption (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Kvaavik, E (2005) [Full]	The stability of soft drinks intake from adolescence to adult age and the associ…	Public Health Nutr
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2006) [Full]	Predictors of weight gain in a Mediterranean cohort: the Sequimiento Universidad…	Am J Clin Nutr
Dhingra, R (2007) [Full]	Soft drink consumption and risk of developing cardiometabolic risk factors and t…	Circulation
Duffey, KJ (2010) [Full]	Drinking caloric beverages increases the risk of adverse cardiometabolic outcome…	Am J Clin Nutr
Mozaffarian, D (2011) [Full]	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM
Te Morenga, L (2012) [Full]	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomise…	Br Med J
Barrio-Lopez, MT (2013) [Full]	Prospective study of changes in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and the inc…	Br J Nutr
Boggs, DA (2013) [Full]	Restaurant foods, sugar-sweetened soft drinks, and obesity risk among young Afri…	Ethn Dis
Emond, JA (2013) [Full]	Using doubly labeled water to validate associations between sugar-sweetened beve…	Int J Obes
Hu, FB (2013) [Full]	Resolved: there is sufficient scientific evidence that decreasing sugar-sweetene…	Obes Rev
Kaiser, KA (2013) [Full]	Will reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption reduce obesity? Evidence supp…	Obes Rev
Malik, VS (2013) [Full]	Sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gainn in children and adults: a systematic …	Am J Clin Nutr
Pan, A (2013) [Full]	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from …	Int J Obes
Barnes, TL (2015) [Abs]	Snacking behaviors, diety quality, and BMI in a community sample of working adul…	J Acad Nutr Diet
Funtikova, AN (2015) [Full]	Soft drink consumption is positively associated with increased waist circumferen…	J Nutr
Ferreira-Pego, C (2016) [Full]	Frequent consumption of sugar- and artificially sweetened beverages and natural …	J Nutr
Kang & Kim (2017) [Full]	Soft drink consumption is associated with increased incidence of the metabolic s…	Br J Nutr
Ruanpend, D (2017) [Full]	Sugar and artificially sweetened beverages linked to obesity: a systematic revie…	QJM
Schwingshackl, L (2017) [Full]	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analys…	Am J Clin Nutr
Schlesinger, S (2019) [Full]	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic revie…	Adv Nutr

Sugar Sweetened Beverage (SSB) Consumption (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Malik, VS (2006) [Full]	Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: a systematic review	Am J Clin Nutr
Mattes, RD (2011) [Abs]	Nutritively sweetened beverage consumption and body weight: a systematic review …	Obes Rev
Maersk, M (2012) [Full]	Sucrose-sweetened beverages increase fat storage in the liver, muscle, and visce…	Am J Clin Nutr
Tate, DF (2012) [Full]	Replacing caloric beverages with water or diet beverages for weight loss in adul…	Am J Clin Nutr
Te Morenga, L (2012) [Full]	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomise…	Br Med J
Kaiser, KA (2013) [Full]	Will reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption reduce obesity? Evidence supp…	Obes Rev
Malik, VS (2013) [Full]	Sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gainn in children and adults: a systematic …	Am J Clin Nutr

Sunflower Oil Supplementation (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Thorsdottir, I (2007) [Full]	Randomized trial of weight-loss-diets for young adults varying in fish and fish …	Int J Obes
Ramel, A (2010) [Abs]	Moderate consumption of fatty fish reduces diastolic blood pressure in overweigh…	Nutrition
Bjermo, H (2012) [Full]	Effects of n-6 PUFAs compared with SFAs on liver fat, lipoproteins, and inflamma…	Am J Clin Nutr

Thylakoid Supplementation (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Montelius, C (2014) [Full]	Body weight loss, reduced urge for palatable food and increased release of GLP-1…	Appetite
Stenblom, E-L (2014) [Full]	Decreased urge for palatable food after a two-month dietary intervention with gr…	J Obes Weight Loss Ther
Tabrizi, FPF (2020) [Full]	The effects of spinach-derived thylakoid supplementation in combination with cal…	Nutr J

Trans Fatty Acids (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Koh-Banerjee, P (2003) [Full]	Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physical acti…	Am J Clin Nutr
Field, AE (2007) [Full]	Dietary fat and weight gain among women in the nurses’ health study	Obesity
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2008) [Full]	Prospective study of dietary energy density and weight gain in women	Am J Clin Nutr
Thompson, AK (2011) [Full]	Trans fatty acids and weight gain	Int J Obes
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Hastert, TA (2018) [Full]	Association of plasma phospholipid polyunsaturated and trans faty acids with bod…	Int J Obes
Liu, X (2018) [Full]	Changes in types of dietary fats influence long-term weight change in US women a…	J Nutr

Trans Fatty Acids (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
DeLany, JP (2000) [Full]	Differential oxidation of individual dietary fatty acids in humans	Am J Clin Nutr
Lovejoy, JC (2002) [Full]	Effects of diets enriched in saturated (palmitic), monounsaturated (oleic), or t…	Diabetes Care
Flint, A (2003) [Full]	Effects of different dietary faty types on postprandial appetite and energy expe…	Obes Res
Lefevre, M (2005) [Abs]	Comparison of the acute response to meals enriched with cis- or trans-fatty acid…	Metabolism

Vegan (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Spencer, EA (2003) [Full]	Diet and body mass index in 38,000 EPIC-Oxford meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetar…	Int J Obes
Newby, PK (2005) [Full]	Risk of overweight and obesity among semivegetarian, lactovegetarian, and vegan …	Am J Clin Nutr
Rosell, M (2006) [Full]	Weight gain over 5 years in 21,966 meat-eating, fish-eating, vegetarian, and veg…	Int J Obes
Dinu, M (2016) [Abs]	Vegetarian, vegan diets and multiple health outcomes: a systematic review with m…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr

Vegetable Juice (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Shenoy, SF (2010) [Full]	Weight loss in individuals with metabolic syndrome given DASH diet counseling wh…	Nutr J

Vegetable Protein (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2008) [Full]	Prospective study of dietary energy density and weight gain in women	Am J Clin Nutr

Vegetables (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kahn, HS (1997) [Full]	Stable behaviors associated with adults’ 10-year change in body mass index and l…	Am J Public Health
Schulz, M (2002) [Full]	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the …	J Nutr
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2008) [Full]	Prospective study of dietary energy density and weight gain in women	Am J Clin Nutr
Mozaffarian, D (2011) [Full]	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM
Barnes, TL (2015) [Full]	Snacking behaviors, diety quality, and BMI in a community sample of working adul…	J Acad Nutr Diet
Rautiainen, S (2015) [Full]	Higher intake of fruit, but not vegetables or fiber, at baseline is associated w…	J Nutr
Sawada, K (2015) [Abs]	Cohort study examing the association between vegetable consumption and weight ga…	Asia Pac J Clin Nutr
Schwingshackl, L (2017) [Full]	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analys…	Am J Clin Nutr
Schlesinger, S (2019) [Full]	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic revie…	Adv Nutr

Vegetarian Diets (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Spencer, EA (2003) [Full]	Diet and body mass index in 38000 EPIC-Oxford meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetari…	Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord
Alewaeters, K (2005) [Abs]	Cross-sectional analysis of BMI and some lifestyle variables in Flemish vegetari…	Erognomics
Bedford & Barr (2005) [Full]	Diets and selected lifestyle practices of self-defined adult vegetarians from a …	Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act
Newby, PK (2005) [Full]	Risk of overweight and obesity among semivegetarian, lactovegetarian, and vegan …	Am J Clin Nutr
Rosell, M (2006) [Full]	Weight gain over 5 years in 21,966 meat-eating, fish-eating, vegetarian, and veg…	Int J Obes
Alrabadi, NI (2012) [Full]	The effect of lifestyle food on chronic diseases: a comparison between vegetaria…	Glob J Health Sci
Orlich & Fraser (2014) [Full]	Vegetarian diets in the Adventist Health Study 2: a review of initial published …	Am J Clin Nutr
Dinu, M (2016) [Abs]	Vegetarian, vegan diets and multiple health outcomes: a systematic review with m…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
Jaceldo-Siegl, K (2019) [Abs]	Plant-based diets in Hispanic/Latino Adult Adventists in the United States and t…	Am J Health Promot

Vinegar (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kondo, T (2009) [Full]	Vinegar intake reduces body weight, body fat mass, and serum triglyceride levels…	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem
Khezri, SS (2018) [Abs]	Beneficial effects of apple cider vinegar on weight management, visceral adiposi…	J Funct Foods
Launholt, TL (2020) [Abs]	Safety and side effects of apple vinegar intake and its effect on metabolic para…	Eur J Nutr

Vitamin A (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Aasheim, ET (2008) [Full]	Vitamin status in morbidly obese patients: a cross-sectional study	Am J Clin Nutr
Garcia, OP (2009) [Full]	Impact of micronutrient deficiencies on obesity	Nutr Rev
Chai, W (2010) [Full]	Associations between obesity and serum lipid soluble micronutrients among premen…	Nutr Res
Garcia, OP (2012) [Full]	Zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin C status are associated with leptin concentrations …	Nutr Metab
Kabat, GC (2016) [Full]	Longitudinal association of measures of adiposity wit serum antioxidant concentr…	Eur J Clin Nutr

Vitamin C (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Canoy, D (2005) [Full]	Plasma ascorbic acid concentrations and fat distribution in 19068 British men an…	Am J Clin Nutr
Kimmons, JE (2006) [Full]	Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient lev…	Med Gen Med
Johnston, CS (2007) [Full]	Plasma vitamin C is inversely related to body mass index and waist circumference…	J Nutr
Aasheim, ET (2008) [Full]	Vitamin status in morbidly obese patients: a cross-sectional study	Am J Clin Nutr
Garcia, OP (2012) [Full]	Zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin C status are associated with leptin concentrations …	Nutr Metab
Thomas-Valdes, S (2017) [Abs]	Association between vitamin deficiency and metabolic disorders related to obesit…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr

Vitamin C (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Naylor, GJ (1985) [Abs]	A double flind placebo controlled trial of ascrobic acid in obesity	Nutr Health
Farag, HAM (2018) [Full]	Comparative effects of vitamin D and vitamin C supplementations with and without…	Diabetol Metab Syndr
Farag, HAM (2019) [Full]	Effects of vitamin C supplementation with and without endurance physical activit…	Clin Nutr Exp

Vitamin D (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Buffington, C (1993) [Abs]	Vitamin D deficiency in the morbidly obese	Obes Surg
Parikh, SJ (2004) [Full]	The relationship between obesity and serum 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D concentratio…	JCEM
Snijder, MB (2005) [Full]	Adiposity in relation to vitamin D status and parathyroid hormone levels: a popu…	JCEM
Kimmons, JE (2006) [Full]	Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient lev…	Med Gen Med
Aasheim, ET (2008) [Full]	Vitamin status in morbidly obese patients: a cross-sectional study	Am J Clin Nutr
Garcia, OP (2009) [Full]	Impact of micronutrient deficiencies on obesity	Nutr Rev

Vitamin D (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Zittermann, A (2009) [Full]	Vitamin D supplementation enhances the beneficial effects of weight loss on card…	Am J Clin Nutr
Salehpour, A (2012) [Full]	A 12-week double-blind randomized clinical trial of vitamin D3 supplementation o…	Nutr J
Mora, N (2013) [Full]	25-hydroxyvitamin D supplementation and BMI change: a meta-analysis of randomize…	J Obes Weight Loss Ther
Wamberg, L (2013) [Abs]	Effects of vitamin D supplementation on body fat accumulation, inflammation, and…	Eur J Intern Med
Zhu, W (2013) [Full]	Calcium plus vitamin D3 supplementation facillitated fat loss in overweight and …	Nutr J
Mallard, SR (2016) [Full]	Vitamin D status and weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis of rando…	Am J Clin Nutr
Farag, HAM (2018) [Full]	Comparative effects of vitamin D and vitamin C supplementations with and without…	Diabetol Metab Syndr
Bassatne, A (2019) [Abs]	Vitamin D supplementation in obesity and during weight loss: a review of randomi…	Metab Clin Exp

Vitamin E (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Wallstrom, P (2001) [Full]	Serum concentrations of B-carotene and a-tocopherol are associated with diet, sm…	Am J Clin Nutr
Reitman, A (2002) [Full]	Low plasma antioxidant and normal plasma B vitamins and homocysteine in patients…	IMAJ
Kimmons, JE (2006) [Full]	Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient lev…	Med Gen Med
Aasheim, ET (2008) [Full]	Vitamin status in morbidly obese patients: a cross-sectional study	Am J Clin Nutr
Chai, W (2010) [Full]	Associations between obesity and serum lipid soluble micronutrients among premen…	Nutr Res
Garcia, OP (2012) [Full]	Zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin C status are associated with leptin concentrations …	Nutr Metab
Kabat, GC (2016) [Full]	Longitudinal association of measures of adiposity wit serum antioxidant concentr…	Eur J Clin Nutr
Waniek, S (2017) [Full]	Association of vitamin E levels with metabolic syndrome, and MRI-derived body fa…	Nutrients

Vitamin E (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bugianesi, E (2005) [Abs]	A randomized controlled trial of metformin versus vitamin E or prescriptive diet…	Am J Gastroenterol
Emami, MR (2021) [Abs]	Can vitamin E supplementation affect obesity indices? A systematic review and me…	Clin Nutr

Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Li, Y (2010) [Full]	Effects of multivitamin and mineral supplementation on adiposity, energy expendi…	Int J Obes

Water (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kaiser, KA (2013) [Full]	Will reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption reduce obesity? Evidence supp…	Obes Rev
Muckelbauer, R (2013) [Full]	Association between water consumption and body weight outcomes: a systematic rev…	Am J Clin Nutr
Pan, A (2013) [Full]	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from …	Int J Obes
Chang, T (2016) [Full]	Inadequate hydration, BMI, and obesity among US adults: NHANES 2009-2012	Ann Fam Med

Water (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Stookey, JD (2008) [Full]	Drinking water is associated with weight loss in overweight dieting women indepe…	Obesity
Dennis, EA (2010) [Full]	Water consumption increases weight loss during a hypocaloric diet intervention i…	Obesity
Silver, HJ (2011) [Full]	Effects of grapefruit, grapefruit juice and water preloads on energy balance, we…	Nutr Metab
Maersk, M (2012) [Full]	Sucrose-sweetened beverages increase fat storage in the liver, muscle, and visce…	Am J Clin Nutr
Tate, DF (2012) [Full]	Replacing caloric beverages with water or diet beverages for weight loss in adul…	Am J Clin Nutr
Muckelbauer, R (2013) [Full]	Association between water consumption and body weight outcomes: a systematic rev…	Am J Clin Nutr
Peters, JC (2014) [Full]	The effects of water and non-nutritive sweetened beverages on weight loss during…	Obesity
Madjd, A (2015) [Full]	Effects on weight loss in adults of replacing diet beverages with water during a…	Am J Clin Nutr
Parretti, HM (2015) [Full]	Efficacy of water preloading before main meals as a strategy for weight loss in …	Obesity
Golan, R (2017) [Full]	Effects of initiating moderate wine intake on abdominal adipose tissue in adults…	Public Health Nutr
Madjd, A (2018) [Abs]	Effects of replacing diet beverages with water on weight loss and weight mainten…	Int J Obes

Whey Protein (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Frestedt, JL (2008) [Full]	A whey-protein supplement increases fat loss and spares lean muscle in obese sub…	Nutr Metab
Aldrich, ND (2011) [Full]	Varying protein source and quantity do not significantly improve weight loss, fa…	Nur Res
Mojtahedi, MC (2011) [Full]	The effects of a higer protein intake during energy restriction on changes in bo…	J Gerontol Med Sci
Soenen, S (2011) [Full]	Efficacy of a-Lactalbumin and milk protein on weight loss and body compositon du…	Obes Res
Adechian, S (2012) [Full]	Protein feeding pattern, casein feeding, or milk-soluble protein feeding did not…	AJP Endo Metab
Calbet, J (2014) [Abs]	A time-efficient reduction of fat mass in 4 days with exercise and caloric restr…	Scan J Med Sci Sports
Kjolbaek, L (2017) [Full]	Protein supplements after weight loss do not improve weight maintenance compared…	Am J Clin Nutr
Bergia III, RE (2018) [Full]	Effect of whey protein supplementation on body composition changes in women: a s…	Nutr Rev
Watanabe, M (2020) [Full]	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a compre…	Nutrients

White Bread (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Bautista-Castano, I (2013) [Full]	Changes in bread consumption and 4-year changes in adiposity in Spanish subjects…	Br J Nutr
Fuente-Arrillaga, C (2014) [Full]	Glycemic load, glycemic index, bread and incidence of overweight/obesity in a Me…	BMC Public Health
Serra-Majem & Bautista-Castano (2015) [Full]	Relationship between bread and obesity	Br J Nutr

White Potatoes (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Mozaffarian, D (2011) [Full]	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Aljuraiban, GS (2020) [Abs]	Potato consumption, by preparation method and meal quality, with blood pressure …	Clin Nutr

White Rice (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Sun, Q (2010) [Full]	White rice, brown rice, and risk of type 2 diabetes in US men and women	Arch Intern Med
Bahadoran, Z (2014) [Full]	White rice consumption is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in Tehrani adults…	Arch Iran Med
Saneei, P (2016) [Full]	Rice consumption, incidence of chronic diseases and risk of mortality: meta-anal…	Public Health Nutr

White Rice (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kim, JY (2008) [Abs]	Meal replacement with mixed rice is more effective than white rice in weight con…	Nutr Res
Zhang, G (2011) [Full]	Substituting white rice with brown rice for 16 weeks does not substantially affe…	J Nutr
Malik, VS (2019) [Full]	Substituting brown rice for white rice on diabetes risk factors in India: a rand…	Br J Nutr

White Wine (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Flechtner-Mors, M (2004) [Full]	Effects of moderate consumption of white wine on weight loss in overweight and o…	Int J Obes

Whole Fat Dairy (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Holmberg & Thelin (2013) [Full]	High dairy fat intake related to less central obesity: a male cohort study with …	Scan J Primary Health Care
Kratz, M (2013) [Abs]	The relationship between high-fat dairy consumption and obesity, cardiovascular,…	Eur J Nutr
Crichton & Alkerwi (2014) [Abs]	Whole-fat dairy food intake is inversely associated with obesity prevalence: fin…	Nutr Res
Babio, N (2015) [Full]	Consumption of yogurt, low-fat milk, and other low-fat dairy products is associa…	J Nutr
Rautiainen, S (2016) [Full]	Dairy consumption in association with weight change and risk of becoming overwei…	Am J Clin Nutr

Whole Fat Yogurt (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Babio, N (2015) [Full]	Consumption of yogurt, low-fat milk, and other low-fat dairy products is associa…	J Nutr
Sayon-Orea, C (2015) [Full]	Association between yogurt consumption and the risk of metabolic syndrome over 6…	BMC Public Health

Whole Grains (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Liu, SM (2003) [Full]	Relation between changes in intakes of dietary fiber and grain products and chan…	Am J Clin Nutr
McKeown, NM (2009) [Full]	Whole-grain intake and cereal fiber are associated with lower abdominal adiposit…	J Nutr
McKeown, NM (2010) [Full]	Whole- and refined-grain intakes are differentially associated with abdominal vi…	Am J Clin Nutr
Mozaffarian, D (2011) [Full]	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM
Albertson, AM (2012) [Full]	Ready-to-eat cereal consumption patterns: The relationship to nutrient intake, w…	J Aging Res
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Ma, J (2012) [Full]	Plasma alklresorcinols, biomarkers of whole-grain intake are related to lower BM…	J Nutr
Bautista-Castano, I (2013) [Full]	Changes in bread consumption and 4-year changes in adiposity in Spanish subjects…	Br J Nutr
Schwingshackl, L (2017) [Full]	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analys…	Am J Clin Nutr
Maki, KC (2019) [Full]	The relationship between whole grain intake and body weight: results of meta-ana…	Nutrients
Schlesinger, S (2019) [Full]	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic revie…	Adv Nutr

Whole Grains (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Katcher, HI (2008) [Full]	The effects of a whole grain-enriched hypocaloric diet on cardiovascular disease…	Am J Clin Nutr
Brownlee, IA (2010) [Full]	Markers of cardiovascular risk are not changed by increased whole-grain intake: …	Br J Nutr
Kristensen, M (2012) [Full]	Whole grain compared with refined wheat decreases the percentage of body fat fol…	J Nutr
Ye, EQ (2012) [Full]	Greater whole-grain intake is associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes, car…	J Nutr
Pol, K (2013) [Full]	Whole grain and body weight changes in apparently healthy adults: a systematic r…	Am J Clin Nutr
Harris Jackson, K (2014) [Full]	Effects of whole and refined grains in a weight-loss diet on markers of metaboli…	Am J Clin Nutr
Kirwan, JP (2016) [Full]	A whole-grain diet reduces cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese a…	J Nutr
Kopf, JC (2018) [Full]	Role of whole grains versus fruits and vegetables in reducing subclinical inflam…	Nutr J
Maki, KC (2019) [Full]	The relationship between whole grain intake and body weight: results of meta-ana…	Nutrients
Roager, HM (2019) [Full]	Whole grain-rich diet reduces body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation wi…	Gut
Sadeghi, O (2019) [Full]	Whole-grain consumption does not affect obesity measures: an updated systematic …	Adv Nutr
Marshall, S (2020) [Abs]	The effect of replacing refined grains with whole grains on cardiovascular risk …	J Acad Nutr Diet

Whole Milk (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Rosell, M (2006) [Full]	Association between dairy food consumption and weight change over 9 y in 19,352 …	Am J Clin Nutr
Duffey, KJ (2010) [Full]	Drinking caloric beverages increases the risk of adverse cardiometabolic outcome…	Am J Clin Nutr
Fogelholm, M (2012) [Full]	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight …	Food Nutr Res
Pan, A (2013) [Full]	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from …	Int J Obes
Bergholdt, HKM (2015) [Full]	Milk intake is not associated with low risk of diabetes or overweight-obesity: a…	Am J Clin Nutr
Funtikova, AN (2015) [Full]	Soft drink consumption is positively associated with increased waist circumferen…	J Nutr

Wine (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lukasiewicz, E (2004) [Full]	Alcohol intake in relation to body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio: the import…	Public Health Nutr
Sayon-Orea, C (2011) [Full]	Alcohol consumption and body weight: a systematic review	Nutr Rev

YGD - Yerbe Mate, Guarana, and Damiana (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Andersen & Fogh (2001) [Abs]	Weight loss and delayed gastric emptying following a South American herbal prepa…	J Hum Nutr Dietet

Yogurt (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Pereira, MA (2002) [Full]	Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults …	JAMA
Mozaffarian, D (2011) [Full]	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM
Martinez-Gonzalez, MA (2014) [Abs]	Yogurt consumption, weight change and risk of being overweight/obesity: the SUN …	Nutr Metab Cardiovas Dis
Babio, N (2015) [Full]	Consumption of yogurt, low-fat milk, and other low-fat dairy products is associa…	J Nutr
Sayon-Orea, C (2015) [Full]	Association between yogurt consumption and the risk of metabolic syndrome over 6…	BMC Public Health
Kim & Kim (2017) [Full]	Dairy consumption is associated with a lower incidence of the metabolic syndrome…	Br J Nutr
Sayon-Orea, C (2017) [Full]	Associations between yogurt consumption and weight gain and risk of obesity and …	Adv Nutr
Beydoun, MA (2018) [Full]	Dairy product consumption and its association with metabolic disturbance in a pr…	Br J Nutr

Yohimbine (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Berlin, I (1986) [Abs]	Lack of efficacy of yohimbine in the treatment of obesity	J Pharmacol
Kucio, C (1991) [Abs]	Does yohimbine act as a slimming drug?	Israel J Med Sci
Sax, L (1991) [Abs]	Yohimbine does not affect fat distribution in men	Int J Obes

Zinc (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Alasfar, F (2011) [Abs]	Selenium is significantly depleted among morbidly obese female patients seeking …	Obes Surg
Garcia, OP (2012) [Full]	Zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin C status are associated with leptin concentrations …	Nutr Metab
Zohal, M (2019) [Abs]	Association between selected trace elements and body mass index and waist circum…	Diab Metab Synd Clin Res Rev

Zinc (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Payahoo, L (2013) [Full]	Effects of zinc supplementation on the anthropometric measurements, lipid profil…	Adv Pharm Bull
Khorsandi, H (2019) [Full]	Zinc supplementation improves body weight management, inflammatory biomarkers an…	Diabetol Metab Syndr