Metabolism

256 papers on metabolism

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3500 Calories = 1 Pound Weight Loss

Reference Title Journal
Hall & Chow (2013) Why is the 3500 kcal per pound weight loss rule wrong? Int J Obes Full
Heymsfield, SB (2012) Energy content of weight loss: kinetic features during voluntary caloric restriction Metab Clin Exp Full
Schoeller, DA (2009) The energy balance equation: looking back and looking forward are two very different equations Nutr Res Full
Thomas, DM (2013) Can a weight loss of one pound a week be achieved with a 3500-kcal deficit? Commentary on a commo… Int J Obes Full
Thomas, DM (2013) Responses to “Why is the 3500 kcal per pound weight loss rule wrong?” Int J Obes Full
Wishnofsky, M (1958) Caloric equivalents of gained or lost weight Am J Clin Nutr Abs

Adaptive Thermogenesis - Underfeeding - 1-10 Days

Reference Title Journal
Muller, MJ (2015) Metabolic adaptation to caloric restriction and subsequent refeeding: the Minnesota Starvation Ex… AJCN Full
Muller, MJ (2016) Changes in energy expenditure with weight gain and weight loss in humans Curr Obes Rep Full
Wiley & Newburgh (1931) The doubtful nature of “luxuskonsumption” J Clin Invest Full

Adaptive Thermogenesis - Underfeeding - 10-30 Days

Reference Title Journal
Muller, MJ (2015) Metabolic adaptation to caloric restriction and subsequent refeeding: the Minnesota Starvation Ex… AJCN Full
Muller, MJ (2016) Changes in energy expenditure with weight gain and weight loss in humans Curr Obes Rep Full
Tremblay, A (2013) Adaptive thermogenesis can make a difference in the ability of obese individuals to lose body weight Int J Obes Full
Weinsier, RL (2000) Do adaptive changes in metabolic rate favor weight regain in weight reduced individuals? An exami… AJCN Full

Adaptive Thermogenesis - Underfeeding - Months

Reference Title Journal
Byrne, NM (2012) Does metabolic compensation explain the majority of less-than-expected weight loss in obese adult… Int J Obes Full
Camps, SG (2013) Weight loss, weight maintenance, and adaptive thermogenesis AJCN Full
de Jonge, L (2012) Effect of diet composition and weight loss on resting energy expenditure in the POUNDS LOST study Obesity Full
Dulloo, AG (2012) Explaining the failures of obesity therapy: willpower attenuation, target miscaluculation, or met… Int J Obes Full
Fothergill, E (2016) Persistent metabolic adaptation 6 years after “The Biggest Loser” competition Obesity Full
Goele, K (2009) Influence of changes in body comp and adaptive thermogenesis on difference between predicted and… Obes Facts Full
Gomez-Arbelaez, D (2018) Resting metabolic rate of obese patients under very low calorie ketogenic diet Nutr Metab Full
Heymsfield, SB (2007) Why do obese patients not lose more weight when treated with low-calorie diets? A mechanistic per… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Leibel, RL (1995) Changes in energy expenditure resulting from altered body weight NEJM Full
Martin, CK (2007) Effect of calorie restriction on resting metabolic rate and spontaneous physical activity Obesity Full
Muller & Bosy-Wesphal (2013) Adaptive thermogenesis with weight loss in humans Obesity Full
Nymo, S (2018) Timeline of changes in adaptive physiological responses at the level of energy expenditure, with… Br J Nutr Full
Rosenbaum, M (2009) Long-term persistence of adaptive thermogenesis in subjects who have maintained a reduced body we… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Tremblay, A (2013) Adaptive thermogenesis can make a difference in the ability of obese individuals to lose body weight Int J Obes Full

Are All Calories Created Equally

Reference Title Journal
Buchholz & Schoeller (2004) Is a calorie a calorie? Am J Clin Nutr Full
Feinman, RD (2004) Whatever happened to the 2nd law of thermodynamics Am J Clin Nutr Full
Fine & Feinman (2004) Thermodynamics of weight loss diets Nutr Metab Full
Hall & Guo (2017) Obesity energetics: body weight regulation and the effects of diet composition Gastroenterology Full
Manninen, AH (2004) Is a calorie really a calorie? Metabolic advantage of low-carbohydrate diets J Int Soc Sports Nutr Full
Manninen, AH (2006) Metabolic advantage of low-carbohydrate diets: a calorie is still not a calorie Am J Clin Nutr Full

Body Composition with Weight Loss

Reference Title Journal
Chaston, TB (2007) Changes in fat-free mass during significant wieght loss: a systematic review Int J Obes Full
Deriaz, O (1992) Lean-body-mass composition and resting energy expenditure before and after long-term overfeeding Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Forbes, GB (2000) Body fat content influence the body body composition response to nutrition and exercise Ann Acad NY Sci Abs
Heymsfield, SB (2014) Weight loss composition is one-fourth fat-free mass: a critical review and critique of this widel… Obes Rev Full
Nelson, KM (1992) Effect of weight reduction on resting energy expenditure, substrate utilization, and the thermic… Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Park, J (2020) Effect of alternate-day fasting on obesity and cardiometabolic risk: a systematic review and meta… Metabolism Abs
Passmore, R (1958) The chemical composition of the tissue lost by obese patients on a reducing regimen Br J Nutr Full
Roman, YM (2018) Effects of intermittent versus continuous dieting on weight and body composition in obese and ove… Int J Obes Abs

Carbohydrate & Fat Balances in Feeding Studies

Reference Title Journal
Acheson, KJ (1982) Glycogen synthesis versus lipogenesis after a 500 gram carbohydrate meal in man Metabolism Abs
Acheson, KJ (1984) Nutritional influences on lipogenesis and thermogenesis after a carbohydrate meal Am J Physiol Abs
Acheson, KJ (1988) Glycogen storage capacity and de novo lipogenesis during massive carbohydrate overfeeding in man Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Flatt, JP (1985) Effects of dietary fat on postprandial substrate oxidation and on carbohydrate and fat balances JCI Full
Flatt, JP (1987) The difference in the storage capacities for carbohydrate and for fat, and its implications in th… Ann NY Acad Sci Abs
Flatt, JP (1988) Importance of nutrient balance in body weight regulation Diabetes Metab Rev Abs
Flatt, JP (1993) Dietary fat, carbohydrate balance, and weight maintenance Ann NY Acad Sci Abs
Flatt, JP (1995) Use and storage of carbohydrate and fat Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Flatt, JP (1997) How NOT to approach the obesity problem Obes Res Full
Flatt, JP (2004) Carbohydrate-fat interactions and obesity examined by a two-compartment computer model Obes Res Full
Hall, KD (2010) Predicting metabolic adaptation, body weight change, and energy intake in humans AJPEM Full
Hall, KD (2015) Calorie for calorie, dietary fat restriction results in more body fat loss than carbohydrate rest… Cell Metabolism Full
Horton, TJ (1995) Fat and carbohydrate overfeeding in humans: different effects on energy storage Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Hurni, BM (1982) Metabolic effects of a mixed and a high-carbohydrate low-fat diet in man, measured over 24 h in a… Br J Nutr Full
Jebb, SA (1996) Changes in macronutrient balance during over- and underfeeding assessed by 12-d continous whole-b… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Lewis, SB (1977) Effect of diet composition on metabolic adaptations to hypocaloric nutrition: comparison of high… AJCN Abs
McDevitt, RM (2000) Macronutrient disposal during controlled overfeeding with glucose, fructose, sucrose, or fat in l… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Schrauwen, P (1997) Changes in fat oxidation in response to a high-fat diet Am J Clin Nutr Full
Schrauwen, P (1998) Fat balance in obese subjects: role of glycogen stores AJP Endo Metab Abs
Schrauwen, P (2000) Increase in fat oxidation on a high-fat diet is accompanied by an increase in triglyceride-derive… Diabetes Full
Schutz, Y (1989) Failure of dietary fat intake to promote fat oxidation: a factor favoring the development of obesity Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Schutz, Y (1993) The adjustment of energy expenditure and oxidation to energy intake: the role of carbohydrate and… Int J Obes Abs
Schutz, Y (2004) Concept of fat balance in human obesity revisited with particular reference to de novo lipogenesis Int J Obes Full
Schutz, Y (2004) Dietary fat, lipogenesis and energy balance Physiol Behavior Abs
Schwarz, JM (1995) Short-term alterations in carbohydrate energy intake in humans. Striking effects on hepatic gluco… JCI Full
Smith, SR (2000) Concurrent physical activity increases fat oxidation during the shift to a high-fat diet Am J Clin Nutr Full
Smith, SR (2000) Fat and carbohydrate balances during adaptation to a high-fat diet Am J Clin Nutr Full
Sonko, BJ (2001) Dose-response relationship between fat ingestion and oxidation: quantitative estimation using who… EJCN Full
Stubbs, RJ (1995) Covert manipulation of dietary fat and energy density: effect on substrate flux and food intake i… AJCN Abs
Swinburn & Ravussin (1993) Energy balance or fat balance? AJCN Abs
Thomas, CD (1992) Nutrient balance and energy expenditure during ad libitum feeding of high-fat and high-carbohydra… Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Westerterp, KR (2009) Dietary fat oxidation as a function of body fat Curr Opin Lipid Full
Westerterp, KR (2013) Metabolic adaptations to over-and underfeeding-still a matter of debate? EJCN Full

Carbohydrate - Insulin Hypothesis

Reference Title Journal
Hall & Guo (2017) Obesity energetics: body weight regulation and the effects of diet composition Gastroenterology Full
Hall, KD (2017) A review of the carbohydrate-insulin model of obesity Eur J Clin Invest Abs
Howell, S (2017) “Calories in, calories out” and macronutrient intake: The hope, hype, and science of calories AJEPM Full
Ludwig & Ebbeling (2018) The carbohydate-insulin model of obesity: beyond “calories in, calories out” JAMA Int Med Full
Lustig, RH (2006) Childhood obesity: behavioral aberration or biochemical drive? Reinterpreting the First Law of Th… Nat Clin Pract Endo Metab Abs

Constrained Energy Expenditure

Reference Title Journal
Pontzer, H (2012) Hunter-gather energetics and human obesity PLOS ONE Full
Pontzer, H (2015) Constrained energy expenditure and the evolutionary biology of energy balance Exerc Sport Sci Rev Full
Pontzer, H (2016) Constrained total energy expenditure and metabolic adaptation to physical activity in adult humans Curr Biol Full

Energy Balance and Its Components

Reference Title Journal
Hall, KD (2012) Energy balance and its components: implications for body weight regulation Am J Clin Nutr Full
Howell, S (2017) “Calories in, calories out” and macronutrient intake: The Hope, Hype, and Science of Calories AJPEM Full
Hall & Guo (2017) Obesity energetics: body weight regulation and the effects of diet composition Gastroenterology Full
Prentice, A (2007) Are defects in energy expenditure involved in the causation of obesity? Obes Rev Full

Energy Expenditure and Fuel Metabolism - Formerly Obese

Reference Title Journal
Astrup, A (1999) Meta-analysis of resting metabolic rate in formerly obese subjects Am J Clin Nutr Full
Prentice, AM (1991) Physiological responses to slimming Proc Nutr Sco Full
Rosenbaum, M (2009) Long-term persistence of adaptive thermogenesis in subjects who have maintained a reduced body we… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Schutz, Y (1992) Role of fat oxidation in the long-term stabilization of body weight in obese women Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Weyer, C (2000) Energy expenditure, fat oxidation, and body weight regulation: a study of metabolic adaptation to… JCEM Full
Wyatt, HR (1999) Resting energy expenditure in reduced-obese subjects in the National Weight Control Registry Am J Clin Nutr Full

Energy Expenditure and Fuel Metabolism - Obese

Reference Title Journal
DeLany, JP (2012) High energy expenditure masks low physical activity in obesity Int J Obes Full
Jequier, E (1984) Energy expenditure in obesity Clin Endocr Metab Abs
Kee, AL (2012) Resting energy expenditure of morbidly obese patients using indirect calorimetry: a systematic re… Obes Rev Abs
Platte, P (1995) Physical activity, total energy expenditure, and food intake in grossly obese and normal weight w… Int J Eating Disorder Abs
Prentice, AM (1986) High levels of energy expenditure in obese women BMJ Full
Prentice, AM (1996) Energy expenditure in overweight and obese adults in affluent societies: an analysis of 319 doubl… EJCN Abs
Das, SK (2004) Energy expenditure is very high in extremely obese women J Nutr Full

Energy Gap Small Changes Approach to Weight Loss

Reference Title Journal
Bouchard, C (2008) Magnitude of energy imbalance in obesity is generally underestimated Int J Obes Full
Brown, WJ (2005) Identifying the energy gap: magnitude and determinants of 5-year weight gain in midage women Obes Res Full
Hill, JO (2009) Can a small-changes approach help address the obesity epidemic? A report of the Joint Task Force… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Hill, JO (2003) Obesity and the environment: where do we go from here? Science Abs
Hills, AP (2013) Small Changes’ to diet and physical activity behaviors for weight management Obesity Facts Full
Rigby & Muller (2009) A small step for obesity but a great leap in the wrong direction for mankind Obes Facts Full
Swinburn, BA (2009) Estimating the changes in energy flux that characterize the rise in obesity prevalence Am J Clin Nutr Full
Wing, RR (2016) Innovative self-regulation strategies to reduce weight gain in young adults: The study of novel a… JAMA Int Med Full

Fasting 1-3 Days

Reference Title Journal
Hoeks, J (2010) Prolonged fasting identifies skeletal muscle mitcohondrial dysfunction as a consequence rather th… Diabetes Full
Mazurak, N (2013) Effects of a 48-h fast on heart rate variability and cortisol levels in healthy female subjects Eur J Clin Nutr Full
Weyer, C (2001) Changes in energy metabolism in response to 48h of overfeeding and fasting in Caucasians and Pima… Int J Obes Full
Thearle, MS (2013) Extent and determinants of thermogenic responses to 24 hours of fasting, energy balance, and five… JCEM Full

Fasting Weeks

Reference Title Journal
Owen, OE (1998) Protein, fat, and carbohydrate requirements during starvation: anaplerosis and cataplerosis Am J Clin Nutr Full
Wiley & Newburgh (1931) The doubtful nature of “luxuskonsumption” J Clin Invest Full

Fat Intake Fails to Promote Fat Oxidation (Oxidative Hierarchy)

Reference Title Journal
Astrup, A (1994) Failure to increase lipid oxidation in response to increasing dietary fat content in formerly obe… AJP Endo Metab Abs
Hall, KD (2007) How adaptations of substrate utilization regulate body composition Int J Obesity Full
Horton, TJ (1995) Fat and carbohydrate overfeeding in humans: different effects on energy storage Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Jebb, SA (1996) Changes in macronutrient balance during over- and underfeeding assessed by 12-d continous whole-b… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Schutz, Y (1989) Failure of dietary fat intake to promote fat oxidation: a factor favoring the development of obesity Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Schwarz, JM (1995) Short-term alterations in carbohydrate energy intake in humans. Striking effects on hepatic gluco… JCI Full
Sidossis & Wolfe (1996) Glucose and insulin-induced inhibition of fatty acid oxidation: the glucose-fatty acid cycle reve… AJP Endo Metab Abs
Sonko, BJ (2001) Dose-response relationship between fat ingestion and oxidation: quantitative estimation using who… EJCN Full

High Carbohydrate - Isocaloric - De Novo Lipogenesis Days

Reference Title Journal
Acheson, KJ (1984) Nutritional influences on lipogenesis and thermogenesis after a carbohydrate meal Am J Physiol Abs
Acheson, KJ (1982) Glycogen synthesis versus lipogenesis after a 500 gram carbohydrate meal in man Metabolism Abs
Acheson, KJ (1988) Glycogen storage capacity and de novo lipogenesis during massive carbohydrate overfeeding in man Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Schwarz, JM (2003) Hepatic de novo lipogenesis in normoinsulinemic and hyperinsulinemic subjects consuming high-fat,… Am J Clin Nutr Full

High Carbohydrate - Overfeeding - De Novo Lipogenesis Days

Reference Title Journal
Acheson, KJ (1982) Glycogen synthesis versus lipogenesis after a 500 gram carbohydrate meal in man Metabolism Abs
Acheson, KJ (1988) Glycogen storage capacity and de novo lipogenesis during massive carbohydrate overfeeding in man Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Minehira, K (2004) Effect of carbohydrate overfeeding on whole body macronutrient metabolism and expression of lipog… Int J Obesity Full
Schutz, Y (2004) Concept of fat balance in human obesity revisited with particular reference to de novo lipogenesis Int J Obes Full
Schwarz, JM (1995) Short-term alterations in carbohydrate energy intake in humans. Striking effects on hepatic gluco… JCI Full
Sevastianova, K (2012) Effect of short-term carbohydrate overfeeding and long-term weight loss on liver fat in overweigh… Am J Clin Nutr Full

High Carbohydrate Isocaloric Days

Reference Title Journal
Acheson, KJ (1984) Nutritional influences on lipogenesis and thermogenesis after a carbohydrate meal Am J Physiol Abs
Bisschop, PH (2000) The effects of carbohydrate variation in isocaloric diets on glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis i… JCEM Full
Bisschop, PH (2001) Dietary fat content alters insulin-mediated glucose metabolism in healthy men Am J Clin Nutr Full
Schrauwen, P (1998) Fat balance in obese subjects: role of glycogen stores AJP Endo Metab Abs
Thomas, CD (1992) Nutrient balance and energy expenditure during ad libitum feeding of high-fat and high-carbohydra… Am J Clin Nutr Abs
van Herpen, NA (2011) Three weeks on a high-fat diet increases intrahepatic lipid accumulation and decreases metabolic… JCEM Full

High Carbohydrate Overfeeding Days

Reference Title Journal
Acheson, KJ (1982) Glycogen synthesis versus lipogenesis after a 500 gram carbohydrate meal in man Metabolism Abs
Acheson, KJ (1988) Glycogen storage capacity and de novo lipogenesis during massive carbohydrate overfeeding in man Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Horton, TJ (1995) Fat and carbohydrate overfeeding in humans: different effects on energy storage Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Lewis, SB (1977) Effect of diet composition on metabolic adaptations to hypocaloric nutrition: comparison of high… Am J Clin Nutr Abs
McDevitt, RM (2000) Macronutrient disposal during controlled overfeeding with glucose, fructose, sucrose, or fat in l… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Minehira, K (2004) Effect of carbohydrate overfeeding on whole body macronutrient metabolism and expression of lipog… Int J Obesity Full
Schwarz, JM (1995) Short-term alterations in carbohydrate energy intake in humans. Striking effects on hepatic gluco… JCI Full

High Fat Feeding - Isocaloric Days

Reference Title Journal
Acheson, KJ (1984) Nutritional influences on lipogenesis and thermogenesis after a carbohydrate meal Am J Physiol Abs
Allick, G (2004) A low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet improves glucoregulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus by reducing… JCEM Full
Astrup, A (1994) Failure to increase lipid oxidation in response to increasing dietary fat content in formerly obe… AJP Endo Metab Abs
Bergouignan, A (2012) Increasing dietary fat elicits similar changes in fat oxidation and markers of muscle oxidative c… PLOS ONE Full
Bisschop, PH (2000) The effects of carbohydrate variation in isocaloric diets on glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis i… JCEM Full
Bisschop, PH (2001) Dietary fat content alters insulin-mediated glucose metabolism in healthy men Am J Clin Nutr Full
Blaak, EE (2006) Fat oxidation before and after a high fat load in the obese insulin-resistant state JCEM Full
Galgani, JE (2010) Effect of a 3-day high-fat feeding period on carbohydrate balance and ad libitum energy intake in… Int J Obesity Full
Hill, JO (1991) Nutrient balance in humans: effects of diet composition Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Pasman, WJ (1999) The effect of body weight changes and endurance training on 24 h substrate oxidation Int J Obes Full
Schrauwen, P (1997) Changes in fat oxidation in response to a high-fat diet Am J Clin Nutr Full
Schrauwen, P (1998) Fat balance in obese subjects: role of glycogen stores AJP Endo Metab Full
Schrauwen, P (2000) Increase in fat oxidation on a high-fat diet is accompanied by an increase in triglyceride-derive… Diabetes Full
Schwarz, JM (2003) Hepatic de novo lipogenesis in normoinsulinemic and hyperinsulinemic subjects consuming high-fat,… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Smith, SR (2000) Concurrent physical activity increases fat oxidation during the shift to a high-fat diet Am J Clin Nutr Full
Smith, SR (2000) Fat and carbohydrate balances during adaptation to a high-fat diet Am J Clin Nutr Full
Thomas, CD (1992) Nutrient balance and energy expenditure during ad libitum feeding of high-fat and high-carbohydra… Am J Clin Nutr Abs
van Herpen, NA (2011) Three weeks on a high-fat diet increases intrahepatic lipid accumulation and decreases metabolic… JCEM Full

High Fat Feeding - Overfeeding Days

Reference Title Journal
Brons, C (2009) Impact of short-term high-fat feeding on glucose and insulin metabolism in young healthy men J Physiol Full
Horton, TJ (1995) Fat and carbohydrate overfeeding in humans: different effects on energy storage Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Lewis, SB (1977) Effect of diet composition on metabolic adaptations to hypocaloric nutrition: comparison of high… Am J Clin Nutr Abs
McDevitt, RM (2000) Macronutrient disposal during controlled overfeeding with glucose, fructose, sucrose, or fat in l… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Samocha-Bonet, D (2012) Overfeeding reduces insulin sensitivity and increases oxidative stress, without altering markers… PLOS ONE Full
Schwarz, JM (1995) Short-term alterations in carbohydrate energy intake in humans. Striking effects on hepatic gluco… JCI Full

Liposuction

Reference Title Journal
Klein, S (2004) Absence of an effect of liposuction on insulin action and risk factors for coronary heart disease N Eng J Med Full

Measuring Metabolic Rate & RER - Reproducibility and Confounders

Reference Title Journal
Adriaens, MP (2003) Intra-individual variation of basal metabolic rate and the influence of daily habitual physical a… Br J Nutr Full
Madzima, TA (2014) Night-time consumption of protein or carbohydrate results in increased morning resting energy exp… Br J Nutr Full
Munsters & Saris (2012) Effects of meal frequency on metabolic profiles and substrate partitioning in lean healthy males PLOS ONE Full
Ohkawara, K (2013) Effects of increased meal frequency on fat oxidation and perceived hunger Obesity Full
Rose & Williams (1961) Metabolic studies on large and small eaters Br J Nutr Full
Schutz & Raavussin (1980) Respiratory quotients lower than 0.70 in ketogenic diets AJCN Abs
Schutz, Y (1995) Abnormalities of fuel utilization as predisposing to the development of obesity in humans Obes Res Full
Schutz, Y (2004) Concept of fat balance in human obesity revisited with particular reference to de novo lipogenesis Int J Obes Full
Taylor & Garrow (2001) Compared with nibbling, neither gorging nor a morning fast affect short-term energy balance in ob… Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord Full
Weir, JB (1949) New methods for calculating metabolic rate with special reference to protein metabolism J Physiol Full
Westenskow, DR (1988) Calculation of metabolic expenditure and substrate utilization from gas exchange measurements JPEN Abs
Whelan, ME (2014) A review of the effect of dietary composition on fasting substrate oxidation in healthy and overw… Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr Abs

O2 Consumption RMR - Isocaloric - 10-30 Days

Reference Title Journal
Apfelbaum, M (1971) Effect of caloric restriction and excessive caloric intake on energy expenditure Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Hall & Guo (2017) Obesity energetics: body weight regulation and the effects of diet composition Gastroenterology Full
Leibel, RL (1992) Energy intake required to maintain body weight is not affected by wide variation in diet composition Am J Clin Nutr Abs

O2 Consumption RMR - Isocaloric - 2-10 Days

Reference Title Journal
Ebbeling, CB (2012) Effects of dietary composition on energy expenditure during weight-loss maintenance JAMA Full
Hall & Guo (2017) Obesity energetics: body weight regulation and the effects of diet composition Gastroenterology Full
Hurni, BM (1982) Metabolic effects of a mixed and a high-carbohydrate low-fat diet in man, measured over 24 h in a… Br J Nutr Full
Leibel, RL (1992) Energy intake required to maintain body weight is not affected by wide variation in diet composition Am J Clin Nutr Full
Rumpler, WV (1991) Energy intake restriction and diet-composition effects on energy expenditure in men Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Schmidt, SL (2012) The effects of short-term overfeeding on energy expenditure and nutrient oxidation in obesity-pro… Int J Obesity Full

O2 Consumption RMR - Isocaloric - Hours

Reference Title Journal
Casas-Agustench, P (2009) Acute effects of three high-fat meals with different fat saturations on energy expenditure, subst… Clin Nutr Abs
Dauncey & Bingham (1983) Dependence of 24 h energy expenditure in man on the composition of the nutrient intake Br J Nutr Full
Hall & Guo (2017) Obesity energetics: body weight regulation and the effects of diet composition Gastroenterology Full
Munsters & Saris (2012) Effects of meal frequency on metabolic profiles and substrate partitioning in lean healthy males PLOS ONE Full
Ohkawara, K (2013) Effects of increased meal frequency on fat oxidation and perceived hunger Obesity Full
Ravussin, E (1986) Determinants of 24-hour energy expenditure in man. Methods and results using a respiratory chamber JCI Full
Smeets & Westerterp-Plantenga (2008) Acute effects on metabolism and appetite profile of one meal difference in the lower range of mea… Br J Nutr Full

O2 Consumption RMR - Isocaloric - Months

Reference Title Journal
Brewer, LC (2012) Do African American women require fewer calories to maintain weight? Results from a controlled fe… Nutr Clin Prac Full
Hall & Guo (2017) Obesity energetics: body weight regulation and the effects of diet composition Gastroenterology Full
Leibel, RL (1992) Energy intake required to maintain body weight is not affected by wide variation in diet composition Am J Clin Nutr Abs

O2 Consumption RMR - Overfeeding - 10-30 Days

Reference Title Journal
Bray, GA (2015) Effect of protein overfeeding on energy expenditure measured in a metabolic chamber Am J Clin Nutr Full
Forbes, GB (1986) Deliberate overfeeding in women and men: energy cost and composition of the weight gain Br J Nutr Full
Forbes, GB (2000) Body fat content influence the body body composition response to nutrition and exercise Ann Acad NY Sci Abs
Krogh-Madsen, R (2014) Normal physical activity obliterates the deleterious effects of a high-calorie intake JAP Full
Leibel, RL (1995) Changes in energy expenditure resulting from altered body weight NEJM Full
Muller, MJ (2015) Metabolic adaptation to caloric restriction and subsequent refedding: the Minnesota Starvation Ex… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Muller, MJ (2016) Changes in energy expenditure with weight gain and weight loss in humans Curr Obes Rep Full
Passmore, R (1955) Energy utilization in overfed thin young men Br J Nutr Full
Roberts, SB (1994) Control of food intake in older men JAMA Abs
Samocha-Bonet, D (2010) A family history of type 2 diabetes increases risk factors associated with overfeeding Diabetologia Full
Samocha-Bonet, D (2012) Overfeeding reduces insulin sensitivity and increases oxidative stress, without altering markers… PLOS ONE Full
Stock, MJ (1999) Gluttony and thermogenesis revisited Int J Obes Full

O2 Consumption RMR - Overfeeding - 2-10 Days

Reference Title Journal
Bray, GA (2015) Effect of protein overfeeding on energy expenditure measured in a metabolic chamber Am J Clin Nutr Full
Jebb, SA (1996) Changes in macronutrient balance during over- and underfeeding assessed by 12-d continous whole-b… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Lagerpusch, M (2012) Effects of brief perturbations in energy balance on indices of glucose homeostasis in healthy lea… Int J Obesity Full
Lecoultre, V (2013) Effects of fructose and glucose overfeeding on hepatic insulin sensitivity and intrahepatic lipid… Obesity Full
McDevitt, RM (2000) Macronutrient disposal during controlled overfeeding with glucose, fructose, sucrose, or fat in l… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Minehira, K (2004) Effect of carbohydrate overfeeding on whole body macronutrient metabolism and expression of lipog… Int J Obesity Full
Muller, MJ (2015) Metabolic adaptation to caloric restriction and subsequent refedding: the Minnesota Starvation Ex… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Muller, MJ (2016) Changes in energy expenditure with weight gain and weight loss in humans Curr Obes Rep Full
Passmore, R (1955) Energy utilization in overfed thin young men Br J Nutr Full
Passmore, R (1963) The effect of overfeeding on two fat young women Br J Nutr Full
Ravussin, E (1985) Short-term, mixed-diet overfeeding in man: no evidence for “luxuskonsumption” Am J Physiol Abs
Samocha-Bonet, D (2010) A family history of type 2 diabetes increases risk factors associated with overfeeding Diabetologia Full
Schmidt, SL (2012) The effects of short-term overfeeding on energy expenditure and nutrient oxidation in obesity-pro… Int J Obesity Full
Thearle, MS (2013) Extent and determinants of thermogenic responses to 24 hours of fasting, energy balance, and five… JCEM Full

O2 Consumption RMR - Overfeeding - Hours

Reference Title Journal
Bray, GA (2015) Effect of protein overfeeding on energy expenditure measured in a metabolic chamber Am J Clin Nutr Full
Schutz, Y (1989) Failure of dietary fat intake to promote fat oxidation: a factor favoring the development of obesity Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Schutz, Y (1993) The adjustment of energy expenditure and oxidation to energy intake: the role of carbohydrate and… Int J Obes Abs
Weyer, C (2001) Changes in energy metabolism in response to 48h of overfeeding and fasting in Caucasians and Pima… Int J Obes Full

O2 Consumption RMR - Overfeeding - Months

Reference Title Journal
Bouchard, C (1990) The response to long-term overfeeding in identical twins New Eng J Med Full
Bray, GA (2012) Effect of dietary protein content on weight gain, energy expenditure, and body composition during… JAMA Full
Bray, GA (2015) Effect of protein overfeeding on energy expenditure measured in a metabolic chamber Am J Clin Nutr Full
Calles-Escandon, J (1996) Exercise increases fat oxidation at rest unrelated to changes in energy balance or lipolysis AJP Endo Metab Abs
Deriaz, O (1993) Non-linear weight gain with long-term overfeeding in man Obes Res Full
Diaz, EO (1992) Metabolic response to experimental overfeeding in lean and overweight healthy volunteers Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Gupta, AK (2013) Cardiovascular risk escalation with caloric excess: a prospective demonstration of the mechanics… Carciovascular Diabetol Full
Leibel, RL (1995) Changes in energy expenditure resulting from altered body weight NEJM Full
Stock, MJ (1999) Gluttony and thermogenesis revisited Int J Obes Full
Tremblay, A (1992) Overfeeding and energy expenditure in humans Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Votruba & Jensen (2011) Insulin sensitivity and regional fat gain in response to overfeeding Obesity Full
Votruba & Jensen (2012) Short-term regional meal fat storage in nonobese humans is not a predictor of long-term regional… AJPEM Full
Weyer, C (2000) Energy expenditure, fat oxidation, and body weight regulation: a study of metabolic adaptation to… JCEM Full

O2 Consumption RMR - Refeeding after Weight Loss

Reference Title Journal
Grande, F (1958) Changes of basal metabolic rate in man in semistarvation and refeeding J Appl Physiol Abs

O2 Consumption RMR - Underfeeding - 10-30 Days

Reference Title Journal
Apfelbaum, M (1971) Effect of caloric restriction and excessive caloric intake on energy expenditure Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Astrup, A (1999) Meta-analysis of resting metabolic rate in formerly obese subjects Am J Clin Nutr Full
Bray, GA (1969) Effect of caloric restriction on energy expenditure in obese patients Lancet Abs
de Groot, LCPGM (1989) Adaptation of energy metabolism of overweight women to alternating and continuous low energy intake Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Hainer, V (2001) A twin study of weight loss and metabolic efficiency Int J Obes Full
Leibel, RL (1995) Changes in energy expenditure resulting from altered body weight NEJM Full
Miller & Pasonage (1975) Resistance to slimming: adaptation or illusion? Lancet Abs
Muller, MJ (2015) Metabolic adaptation to caloric restriction and subsequent refedding: the Minnesota Starvation Ex… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Muller, MJ (2016) Changes in energy expenditure with weight gain and weight loss in humans Curr Obes Rep Full
Roberts, SB (1994) Control of food intake in older men JAMA Abs
Rumpler, WV (1991) Energy intake restriction and diet-composition effects on energy expenditure in men Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Schwartz & Doucet (2010) Relative chances in resting energy expenditure during weight loss: a systematic review Obes Rev Abs
Winkels, RM (2011) Energy intake compensation after 3 weeks of restricted energy intake in young and elderly men. J Am Med Dir Assoc Abs

O2 Consumption RMR - Underfeeding - 2-10 Days

Reference Title Journal
Bray, GA (1969) Effect of caloric restriction on energy expenditure in obese patients Lancet Abs
Hintze, LJ (2021) Early changes in appetite and energy expenditure are not associated to body weight and fat losses… Physiol Behav Abs
Jebb, SA (1996) Changes in macronutrient balance during over- and underfeeding assessed by 12-d continous whole-b… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Kouda, K (2006) Metabolic response to short-term 4-day energy restriction in a controlled study Environ Health Prev Med Abs
Lagerpusch, M (2012) Effects of brief perturbations in energy balance on indices of glucose homeostasis in healthy lea… Int J Obesity Full
Muller, MJ (2015) Metabolic adaptation to caloric restriction and subsequent refedding: the Minnesota Starvation Ex… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Muller, MJ (2016) Changes in energy expenditure with weight gain and weight loss in humans Curr Obes Rep Full
Newburgh & Johnston (1930) The nature of obesity Am Soc Clin Invest Full
Passmore, R (1963) The effect of overfeeding on two fat young women Br J Nutr Full
Pennington, AW (1953) Treatment of obesity with calorically UNRESTRICTED DIETS J Clin Nutr Abs
Weinsier, RL (2000) Do adaptive changes in metabolic rate favor weight regain in weight reduced individuals? An exami… AJCN Full
Zed & James (1986) Dietary thermogenesis in obesity: response to carbohydrate and protein meals: the effect of B-and… Int J Obes Abs

O2 Consumption RMR - Underfeeding - Hours

Reference Title Journal
Dauncy, MJ (1980) Metabolic effects of altering the 24 h energy intake in man, using direct and indirect calorimetry Br J Nutr Full

O2 Consumption RMR - Underfeeding - Months

Reference Title Journal
Astrup, A (1999) Meta-analysis of resting metabolic rate in formerly obese subjects Am J Clin Nutr Full
Bray, GA (2012) Effect of diet compostion on energy expenditure during weight loss: the POUNDS LOST Study Int J Obes Full
Brehm, BJ (2005) The role of energy expenditure in the differential weight loss in obese women on low-fat and low-… JCEM Full
Byrne, NM (2012) Does metabolic compensation explain the majority of less-than-expected weight loss in obese adult… Int J Obes Full
Doucet, E (2001) Evidence for the existence of adaptive thermogenesis during weight loss Br J Nutr Full
Flatt, JP (2007) Exaggerated claim about adaptive thermogenesis Int J Obes Full
Johanssen, DL (2012) Metabolic slowing with massive weight loss despite preservation of fat-free mass JCEM Full
Knuth, ND (2014) Metabolic adaptation following massive weight loss is related to the degree of energy imbalance a… Obesity Full
Leibel, RL (1995) Changes in energy expenditure resulting from altered body weight NEJM Full
Luscombe, ND (2003) Effect of a high-protein, energy-restricted diet on weight loss and energy expenditure after weig… Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord Full
Prentice, AM (1991) Physiological responses to slimming Proc Nutr Soc Full
Rosenbaum, M (2008) Long-term persistence of adaptive thermogenesis in subjects who have maintained a reduced body we… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Schwartz & Doucet (2010) Relative chances in resting energy expenditure during weight loss: a systematic review Obes Rev Abs
Soenen, S (2013) Normal protein intake is required for body weight loss and weight maintenance, and elevated prote… J Nutr Full
Taylor & Keys (1950) Adaptation to caloric restriction Science Abs
Tremblay & Chaput (2009) Adaptive reduction in thermogenesis and resistance to lose fat in obese men Br J Nutr Full
Weinsier, RL (2000) Energy expenditure and free-living physical activity in black and white women: comparison before… Am J Clin Nutr Full

Organ Mass Contribution to Metabolic Rate

Reference Title Journal
Gallagher, D (1998) Organ-tissue mass measurement allows modeling of REE and metabolically active tissue mass AJP Full
Javed, F (2010) Brain and high metabolic rate organ mass: contributions to resting energy expenditure beyond fat-… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Midorikawa, T (2007) High REE in Sumo Wrestlers attributed to large organ-tissue mass MSSE Abs
Muller, MJ (2002) Metabolically active components of fat-free mass and resting energy expenditure in humans: recent… Obes Rev Abs
Sparti, A (1997) Relationship between resting metabolic rate and the composition of the fat-free mass Metabolism Abs

RMR - Contributors to

Reference Title Journal
Gallagher, D (1998) Organ-tissue mass measurement allows modeling of REE and metabolically active tissue mass AJP
Muller, MJ (2002) Metabolically active components of fat-free mass and resting energy expenditure in humans: recent… Obes Rev
Muller, MJ (2015) Metabolic adaptation to caloric restriction and subsequent refeeding: the Minnesota Starvation Ex… AJCN
Muller, MJ (2016) Changes in energy expenditure with weight gain and weight loss in humans Curr Obes Rep
Prentice, AM (1986) High levels of energy expenditure in obese women Brit Med J
Prentice, AM (1991) Physiological responses to slimming Proc Nutr Sco
Prentice, AM (1994) Obesity as an adaptation to a high-fat diet Am J Clin Nutr
Prentice, AM (1996) Energy expenditure in overweight and obese adults in affluent societies: an analysis of 319 doubl… EJCN
Smeets & Westerterp-Plantenga (2008) Acute effects on metabolism and appetite profile of one meal difference in the lower range of mea… Br J Nutr
Sparti, A (1997) Relationship between resting metabolic rate and the composition of the fat-free mass Metabolism

Set Point Theory

Reference Title Journal
Brownell, KD (1982) Obesity: understanding and treating a serious, prevalent, and refractory disorder J Consult Clin Psychol Abs
Muller, MJ (2016) Changes in energy expenditure with weight gain and weight loss in humans Curr Obes Rep Full
Weinsier, RL (2000) Do adaptive changes in metabolic rate favor weight regain in weight reduced individuals? An exami… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Hall & Guo (2017) Obesity energetics: body weight regulation and the effects of diet composition Gastroenterology Full

Sleep Deprivation - Energy Expenditure & Intake - 10-30 Days

Reference Title Journal
Nedeltcheva, AV (2010) Insufficient sleep undermines dietary efforts to reduce adiposity Ann Intern Med Full

Sleep Deprivation - Energy Expenditure & Intake - 2-10 Days

Reference Title Journal
Calvin, AD (2013) Effects of experimental sleep restriction on caloric intake and activity energy expenditure Chest Full
Markwald, RR (2013) Impact of insufficient sleep on total daily energy expenditure, food intake, and weight gain PNAS Full
Shlisky, JD (2012) Partial sleep deprivation and energy balance in adults: an emerging issue for consideration by di… J Acad Nutr Diet Abs
Spaeth, AM (2012) Effects of experimental sleep restriction on weight gain, caloric intake, and meal timing in heal… Sleep Full
St-Onge, MP (2011) Short sleep duration increases energy intake but does not change energy expenditure in normal wei… Am J Clin Nutr Full
St-Onge, MP (2013) The role of sleep duration in the regulation of energy balance: effects on energy intakes and exp… J Clin Sleep Med Full

Sleep Deprivation - Energy Expenditure & Intake - Hours

Reference Title Journal
Benedict, C (2011) Acute sleep deprivation reduces energy expenditure in healthy men Am J Clin Nutr Full

Thermic Effect of Activity

Reference Title Journal
Schoeller & Jefford (2002) Determinants of the energy costs of light activities: inferences for interpreting doubly labeled… Int J Obes

Thermic Effect of Alcohol

Reference Title Journal
Murgatroyd, PR (1996) Alcohol and the regulation of energy balance: overnight effects on diet-induced thermogenesis and… Br J Nutr Full
Sonko, BJ (1994) Effect of alcohol on postmeal fat storage Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Suter, PM (1994) Effect of ethanol on energy expenditure Am J Physiol Abs

Thermic Effect of Food - Days

Reference Title Journal
Bellisle, F (1997) Meal frequency and energy balance Br J Nutr Full
Ravussin, E (1985) Short-term, mixed-diet overfeeding in man: no evidence for “luxuskonsumption” Am J Physiol Abs
Zed & James (1986) Dietary thermogenesis in obesity: response to carbohydrate and protein meals: the effect of B-and… Int J Obes Abs

Thermic Effect of Food - Hours

Reference Title Journal
Barr & Wright (2010) Postprandial energy expenditure in whole-food and processed-food Food Nutr Res Full
Belko & Barbieri (1987) Effect of meal size and frequency on the thermic effect of food Nutr Res Abs
Bellisle, F (1997) Meal frequency and energy balance Br J Nutr Full
Brehm, BJ (2005) The role of energy expenditure in the differential weight loss in obese women on low-fat and low-… JCEM Full
Dauncy, MJ (1980) Metabolic effects of altering the 24 h energy intake in man, using direct and indirect calorimetry Br J Nutr Full
de Jonge & Bray (1997) The thermic effect of food and obesity: a critical review Obes Res Full
Halton & Hu (2004) The effects of high protein diets on thermogenesis, satiety and weight loss: a critical review J Am Coll Nutr Abs
Heden, TD (2013) Meal frequency differentially alters postprandial triacylglycerol and insulin concentrations in o… Obesity Full
Karst, H (1984) Diet-induced thermogenesis in man: Thermic effects of single proteins, carbohydrates and fats dep… Ann Nutr Metab Abs
Madzima, TA (2014) Night-time consumption of protein or carbohydrate results in increased morning resting energy exp… Br J Nutr Full
Miller, DS (1967) Gluttony 2. Thermogenesis in overeating man AJCN Abs
Munsters & Saris (2012) Effects of meal frequency on metabolic profiles and substrate partitioning in lean healthy males PLOS ONE Full
Nair, KS (1983) Thermic response to isoenergetic protein, carbohydrate or fat meals in lean and obese subjects Clin Sci Abs
Ohkawara, K (2013) Effects of increased meal frequency on fat oxidation and perceived hunger Obesity Full
Passmore, R (1955) Energy utilization in overfed thin young men Br J Nutr Full
Ravussin, E (1986) Determinants of 24-hour energy expenditure in man. Methods and results using a respiratory chamber JCI Full
Robinson, SM (1990) Protein turnover and thermogenesis in response to high-protein and high-carbohydrate feeding in men Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Scazzina, F (2013) The effect of breakfasts varying in glycemic index and glycemic load on dietary induced thermogen… Nutr Metab Cardio Dis Abs
Secor, SM (2009) Specific dynamic action: a review of the postprandial metabolic response J Comp Physiol Abs
Slatford, RK (1969) The time course of the increase in oxygen consumption following food ingestion in man J Physiol Abs
Smeets & Westerterp-Plantenga (2008) Acute effects on metabolism and appetite profile of one meal difference in the lower range of mea… Br J Nutr Full
Tai, MM (1991) Meal size and frequency: effect on the thermic effect of food Am J Clin Nutr Abs
Tappy, L (1996) Thermic effect of food and sympathetic nervous system activity in humans Repro Nutr Dev Full
Thearle, MS (2013) Extent and determinants of thermogenic responses to 24 hours of fasting, energy balance, and five… JCEM Full
Westerterp-Plantenga, MS (1999) Satiety related to 24 h diet-induced thermogenesis during high protein/carbohydrate vs high fat d… EJCN Full
Westerterp, KR (1999) Diet induced thermogenesis measured over 24h in a respiration chamber: effect of diet composition Int J Obes Full
Westerterp, KR (2004) Diet induced thermogenesis Nutr Metab Full

Thermic Effect of Food - Meal Size

Reference Title Journal
Miller, DS (1967) Gluttony 2. Thermogenesis in overeating man Am J Clin Nutr Abs
D’Alessio, DA (1988) Thermic effect of food in lean and obese men J Clin Invest Full
Belko & Barbieri (1987) Effect of meal size and frequency on the thermic effect of food Nutr Res Abs
Tai, MM (1991) Meal size and frequency: effect on the thermic effect of food Am J Clin Nutr Abs

Thermic Effect of Food - Months

Reference Title Journal
Leibel, RL (1995) Changes in energy expenditure resulting from altered body weight NEJM Full
Luscombe, ND (2003) Effect of a high-protein, energy-restricted diet on weight loss and energy expenditure after weig… Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord Full
Nelson, KM (1992) Effect of weight reduction on resting energy expenditure, substrate utilization, and the thermic… AJCN Abs

Thermic Effect of Food - Weeks

Reference Title Journal
Bellisle, F (1997) Meal frequency and energy balance Br J Nutr Full
Leibel, RL (1995) Changes in energy expenditure resulting from altered body weight NEJM Full
Nelson, KM (1992) Effect of weight reduction on resting energy expenditure, substrate utilization, and the thermic… AJCN Abs

Twin Studies

Reference Title Journal
Hainer, V (2001) A twin study of weight loss and metabolic efficiency Int J Obes Full
Liu, R (2012) A population-based twin study on sleep duration and body composition Obesity Full
Bouchard & Tremblay (1997) Genetic influences on the response of body fat and fat distribution to positive and negative ener… Nutrition Full
Naukkarinen, J (2012) Causes and consequences of obesity: the contribution of recent twin studies Int J Obes Full
Bouchard, C (1990) The response to long-term overfeeding in identical twins New Eng J Med Full

Weight Cycling (RCT)

Reference Title Journal
Beavers, KM (2011) Is lost lean mass from intentional weight loss recovered during weight regain in postmenopausal w… Am J Clin Nutr Full
Beavers, DP (2013) Cardiometabolic risk after weight loss and subsequent weight regain in overweight and obese postm… J Gerontol A Biol Sci Full
Bosy-Westphal, A (2013) Effect of weight loss and regain on adipose tissue distribution, composition of lean mass and res… Int J Obes Full
Jebb, SA (1991) Effects of weight cycling caused by intermittent dieting on metabolic rate and body composition i… Int J Obes Abs

Weight Loss - Mathematical Modeling

Reference Title Journal
Caloin, M (2004) Modeling of lipid and protein depletion during total starvation AJPEM Full
Dulloo & Jacquet (1999) The control of partitioning between protein and fat during human starvation: its internal determi… Br J Nutr Full
Hall & Chow (2011) Estimating changes in free-living energy intake and its confidence interval AJCN Full
Hall & Chow (2013) Why is the 3500 kcal per pound weight loss rule wrong? Int J Obes Full
Hall & Guo (2017) Obesity energetics: body weight regulation and the effects of diet composition Gastroenterology Full
Hall, KD (2010) Predicting metabolic adaptation, body weight change, and energy intake in humans AJPEM Full
Hall, KD (2011) Quantification of the effect of energy imbalance on bodyweight Lancet Full
Hall, KD (2015) Calorie for calorie, dietary fat restriction results in more body fat loss than carbohydrate rest… Cell Metabolism Full
Hall, KD (2012) Modeling metabolic adaptations and energy regulation in humans Ann Rev Nutr Full
Hall, KD (2007) Body fat and fat-free mass inter-relationships: Forbes’s theory revisited Br J Nutr Full
Hall, KD (2007) How adaptations of substrate utilization regulate body composition Int J Obesity Full
Heymsfield, SB (2014) Weight loss composition is one-fourth fat-free mass: a critical review and critique of this widel… Obes Rev Full
Heymsfield, SB (2007) Why do obese not lose more weight on very low calorie diet? A mechanistic perspective Am J Clin Nutr Full
Speakman & Westerterp (2013) A mathematical model of weight loss under total starvation: evidence against the thrifty-gene hyp… Disease Models Mech Full
Thomas, DM (2010) A computational model to determine energy intake during weight loss AJCN Full
Thomas, DM (2011) A simple model predicting individual weight change in humans J Biol Dynam Full
Thomas, DM (2013) Can a weight loss of one pound a week be achieved with a 3500-kcal deficit? Commentary on a commo… Int J Obes Full