Individual Nutrients

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Agar (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Maeda, H (2004)	Effects of agar (kanten) diet on obese patients with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes	Diab Obes Metab	Abs
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Alcohol Intake (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Appelhans, BM (2017)	Beverage intake and metabolic syndrome risk over 14 years: the Study of Women’s Health Across the…	J Acad Nutr Diet	Full
Breslow & Smothers (2005)	Drinking patterns and body mass index in never smokers. National Health Interview Survey, 1997-2001	Am J Epidemiol	Full
de Munter, JS (2015)	Longitudinal analysis of lifestyle habits in relation to body mass index, onset of overweight and…	Scan J Public Health	Abs
Golzarand, M (2021)	Association between alcohol intake and overweight and obesity: a systematic review and dose-respo…	Lancet	Full
Jequier, E (1999)	Alcohol intake and body weight: a paradox	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Kahn, HS (1997)	Stable behaviors associated with adults’ 10-year change in body mass index and likelihood of gain…	Am J Public Health	Full
Koh-Banerjee, P (2003)	Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physical activity, alcohol con…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Lukasiewicz, E (2004)	Alcohol intake in relation to body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio: the importance of type of a…	Public Health Nutr	Full
Mozaffarian, D (2011)	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM	Full
Romieu, I (1988)	Energy intake and other determinants of relative weight	Am J Clin Nutr	Abs
Sayon-Orea, C (2011)	Alcohol consumption and body weight: a systematic review	Nutr Rev	Full
Traversy & Chaput (2015)	Alcohol consumption and obesity: an update	Curr Obes Rep	Full

Alcohol Intake (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Apolzan, JW (2020)	The effects of alcohol consumption on cardiometabolic health outcomes following weight loss in pr…	Int J Environ Res Public Health	Full
Beulens, JW (2006)	The effect of moderate alcohol consumption on fat distribution and adipocytokines	Obesity	Full
Cordain, L (1997)	Influence of moderate daily wine consumption on body weight regulation and metabolism in healthy…	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs
Cordain, L (2000)	Influence of moderate chronic wine consumption on insulin sensitivity and other correlates of syn…	Metabolism	Abs
Crouse & Grundy (1984)	Effects of alcohol on plasma lipoproteins and cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism in man	J Lipid Res	Full
Flechtner-Mors, M (2004)	Effects of moderate consumption of white wine on weight loss in overweight and obese subjects	Int J Obes	Full
Romeo, J (2007)	Does beer have an impact on weight gain? Effects of moderate beer consumption on body composition	Nutr Hosp	Abs

Alginate Supplementation (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Birketvedt, GS (2005)	Experiences with three different fiber supplements in weight reduction	Med Sci Monitor	Full
Jensen, MG (2011)	Can alginate-based preloads increase weight loss beyond calorie restriction? A pilot study in obe…	Appetite	Abs
Jensen, MG (2012)	Effect of alginate supplementation on weight loss in obese subjects completing a 12-wk energy-res…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Almonds (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Foster, GD (2012)	A randomized trial of the effects of an almond-enriched, hypocaloric diet in the treatment of obe…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Fraser, GE (2002)	Effect on body weight of a free 76 kilojoule (320 calorie) daily supplement of almonds for six mo…	J Nutr	Abs
Hollis & Mattes (2007)	Effect of chronic consumption of almonds on body weight in healthy humans	Br J Nutr	Full

Aloe vera (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Choi, HC (2013)	Metabolic effects of aloe vera gel complex in obese prediabetes and early non-treated diabetic pa…	Nutrition	Abs
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Alpha-Linolenic Oil (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lund, AS (2013)	N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, body fat and inflammation	Obes Facts	Full
Nimptsch, K (2010)	Effect of dietary fatty acid intake on prospective weight change in the Heidelberg cohort of the…	Public Health Nutr	Full
Raatz, SK (2017)	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US adults	Nutrients	Full

Alpha-Linolenic Oil (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Baxheinrich, A (2012)	Effects of a rapeseed oil-enriched hypoenergetic diet with a high content of alpha-linolenic acid…	Br J Nutr	Full
Mohammadi-Sartang, M (2017)	The effect of flaxseed supplementation on body weight and body composition: a systematic review a…	Obes Rev	Abs
Raeisi-Dehkordi, H (2019)	The effect of canola oil on body weight and composition: a systematic review and meta-analysis of…	Adv Nutr	Full

Alpha-Lipoic Acid (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kucukgoncu, S (2017)	Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) as a supplementation for weight loss: results from a meta-analysis of ran…	Obes Rev	Full
Koh, EH (2011)	Effects of alpha-lipoic acid on body weight in obese subjects	Am J Med	Full
Huerta, AE (2015)	Effects of a-lipoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in overweight and obese women during weight loss	Obesity	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Antioxidants and Phytochemicals (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Ham, D (2018)	Association between antioxidant vitamin intake and obesity among Korean women: using the Korea Na…	J Nutr Health	Full
Bertoia, ML (2016)	Dietary flavonoid intake and weight maintenance: three prospective cohorts of 124086 US men and w…	BMJ	Full
Garcia, OP (2009)	Impact of micronutrient deficiencies on obesity	Nutr Rev	Full
Grosso, G (2017)	Dietary polyphenols are inversely associated with metabolic syndrome in Polish adults of the HAPI…	Eur J Nutr	Full
Ham & Joung (2020)	Understanding the associations between dietary antioxidants and obesity	J Obes Metab Syndrome	Full
Hosseini, B (2016)	Association between antioxidant intake/status and obesity: a systematic review of observational s…	Biol Trace Elem Res	Abs
Im, J (2020)	Association between the phytochemical index and lower prevalence of obesity/abdominal obesity in…	Nutrients	Full
Kabat, GC (2016)	Longitudinal association of measures of adiposity wit serum antioxidant concentrations in postmen…	Eur J Clin Nutr	Full
Kim, S-A (2020)	Association between dietary flavonoid intake and obesity among adults in Korea	Appl Physiol Nutr Metab	Abs
Reitman, A (2002)	Low plasma antioxidant and normal plasma B vitamins and homocysteine in patients with severe obesity	IMAJ	Full
Zamora-Ros, R (2011)	Estimation of the intake of anthocyanidins and their food sources in the European Prospective Inv…	Br J Nutr	Full

Antioxidants and Phytochemicals (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Abdali, D (2015)	How effective are antioxidant supplements in obesity and diabetes?	Med Princ Pract	Full
Lopez-Legarrea, P (2013)	Short-term role of the dietary total antioxidant capacity in two hypocaloric regimes on obese wit…	Nutr Metab	Full
Marhuenda, J (2020)	A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial to determine the effectiveness a polyphenoli…	Foods	Full
Wright, OR (2013)	A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the effect of dried purple carrot on body…	Can J Physiol Pharm	Abs

Arachidonic Acid (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nimptsch, K (2010)	Effect of dietary fatty acid intake on prospective weight change in the Heidelberg cohort of the…	Public Health Nutr	Full

Artificial Sweeteners (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Fowler, SP (2008)	Fueling the obesity epidemic? Artificially sweetened beverage use and long-term weight gain	Obesity	Full
Gardner, C (2012)	Nonnutritive sweeteners: Current use and health perspectives: A sceintific statement from the Ame…	Circulation	Full
Pereira, MA (2013)	Diet beverages and the risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease: a review of the evi…	Nutr Rev	Full
Raben & Richelsen (2012)	Artificial sweeteners: a place in the field of functional foods? Focus on obesity and related met…	Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab	Abs
Ruanpend, D (2017)	Sugar and artificially sweetened beverages linked to obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis	QJM	Full

Artificial Sweeteners (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Maersk, M (2012)	Sucrose-sweetened beverages increase fat storage in the liver, muscle, and visceral fat depot: a…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Peters, JC (2014)	The effects of water and non-nutritive sweetened beverages on weight loss during a 12-week weight…	Obesity	Full
Raben & Richelsen (2012)	Artificial sweeteners: a place in the field of functional foods? Focus on obesity and related met…	Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab	Abs
Raben, A (2011)	Increased postprandial glycaemia, insulinemia, and lipidemia after 10 weeks’ sucrose-rich diet co…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Tate, DF (2012)	Replacing caloric beverages with water or diet beverages for weight loss in adults: main results…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Avocado (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Fulgoni III, VL (2013)	Avocado consumption is associated with better diety quality and nutrient intake, and lower metabo…	J Nutr	Full
Heskey, C (2019)	Avocado intake, and longitudinal weight and body mass index changes in an adult cohort	Nutrients	Full

Avocado (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Henning, SM (2019)	Hass avocado inclusion in a weight-loss diet supported weight loss and altered gut microbiota: a…	Curr Dev Nutr	Full
Pieterse, Z (2005)	Substitution of high monounsaturated fatty acid avocado for mixed dietary fats during an energy-r…	Nutrition	Abs

B Vitamins (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Reitman, A (2002)	Low plasma antioxidant and normal plasma B vitamins and homocysteine in patients with severe obesity	IMAJ	Full
Aasheim, ET (2008)	Vitamin status in morbidly obese patients: a cross-sectional study	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Baltaci, D (2013)	Association of vitamin B12 with obesity, overweight, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, a…	Med Glas	Abs
Garcia, OP (2009)	Impact of micronutrient deficiencies on obesity	Nutr Rev	Full
Li, X (2018)	DNA methylation variant, B-vitamins intake and longitudinal change in body mass index	Int J Obes	Abs
Thomas-Valdes, S (2017)	Association between vitamin deficiency and metabolic disorders related to obesity	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Wiebe, N (2018)	A systematic review of the vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine triad across body mass index	Obes Rev	Abs

B Vitamins (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Araghi, SO (2020)	B-vitamins and body composition: integrating observational and experimental evidence from the B-P…	Eur J Nutr	Full
Novin, ZS (2018)	The weight loss effects of branched chain amino acids and vitamin B6: a randomized controlled tri…	Int J Vit Nutr Res	Abs

Beans Legumes (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Papanikolaous & Flugoni (2008)	Bean consumption is associated with greater nutrient intake, reduced systolic blood pressure, low…	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs
Schlesinger, S (2019)	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-respon…	Adv Nutr	Full
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full
Schwingshackl, L (2017)	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Beans Legumes (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Abete, I (2009)	Legume-, fish-, or high-protein-based hypocaloric diets: Effects on weight loss and mitochondrial…	J Medicinal Food	Abs
Alves, RDM (2014)	Regular intake of high-oleic peanuts improves fat oxidation and body composition in overweight/ob…	Obesity	Full
He, S (2018)	Phaseolus vulgaris lectins: a systematic review of characteristics of health implications	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Kim, SJ (2016)	Effects of dietary pulse consumption on body weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis of ran…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Tonstad, S (2013)	A high-fibre bean-rich diet versus a low-carbohydrate diet for obesity	J Hum Nutr Diet	Abs

Beer (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bendsen, NT (2012)	Is beer consumption related to measures of abdominal and general obesity? A systematic review and…	Nutr Rev	Full
Bobak, M (2003)	Beer and obesity: a cross-sectional study	Eur J Clin Nutr	Full
Lukasiewicz, E (2004)	Alcohol intake in relation to body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio: the importance of type of a…	Public Health Nutr	Full

Beer (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Addolorato, G (2008)	Effects of short-term moderate alcohol administration on oxidative stress and nutritional status…	Appetite	Abs
Bendsen, NT (2012)	Is beer consumption related to measures of abdominal and general obesity? A systematic review and…	Nutr Rev	Full
Hartung, GH (1983)	Effect of alcohol intake on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in runners and inactive men	JAMA	Abs
Ka, T (2005)	Effects of long-term beer ingestion on plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of purine bases	Hormone Metab Res	Abs
Romeo, J (2007)	Does beer have an impact on weight gain? Effects of moderate beer consumption on body composition	Nutr Hosp	Abs

Beta-Glucans (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Beck, EJ (2010)	Oat B-glucan supplementation does not enhance the effectiveness of an energy-restricted diet in o…	Br J Nutr	Full
Cugnet-Anceau, C (2010)	A controlled study of consumption of B-glucan soups for 2 months by type 2 diabetic free-living s…	Br J Nutr	Full
Rahmani, J (2019)	Effects of cereal beta-glucan consumption on body weight, body mass index, waist circumference an…	Therap Med	Abs
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Betain (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Gao, X (2016)	Higher dietary choline and betaine intakes are associated with better body composition in the adu…	PLOS ONE	Full
Gao, X (2018)	Higher serum choline and betain levels are associated with better body composition in male but no…	PLOS ONE	Full

Betain (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Gao, X (2019)	Effect of betaine on reducing body fat - a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized cont…	Nutrients	Full

Bitter Orange (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Stohs, SJ (2012)	A review of the human clinical studies involving Citrus aurantium (Bitter Orange) extract and it…	Int J Med Sci	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Branch Chained Amino Acids (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Novin, ZS (2018)	The weight loss effects of branched chain amino acids and vitamin B6: a randomized controlled tri…	Int J Vit Nutr Res	Abs
Ooi, DSQ (2021)	Branch-chain amino acid supplementation does not preserve lean mass or affect metabolic profile i…	J Nutr	Abs

Bread (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Fuente-Arrillaga, C (2014)	Glycemic load, glycemic index, bread and incidence of overweight/obesity in a Mediterranean cohor…	BMC Public Health	Full
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full
Serra-Majem & Bautista-Castano (2015)	Relationship between bread and obesity	Br J Nutr	Full

Bread (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Loria-Kohen, V (2012)	Evaluation of the usefulness of a low-calorie diet with or without bread in the treatment of over…	Clin Nutr	Abs
Mickelsen, O (1979)	Effects of a high fiber bread diet on weight loss in college-age males	Am J Clin Nutr	Abs

Brown Rice (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kim, JY (2008)	Meal replacement with mixed rice is more effective than white rice in weight control, while impro…	Nutr Res	Abs
Malik, VS (2019)	Substituting brown rice for white rice on diabetes risk factors in India: a randomised controlled…	Br J Nutr	Full
Zhang, G (2011)	Substituting white rice with brown rice for 16 weeks does not substantially affect metabolic risk…	J Nutr	Full

Butter (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Pereira, MA (2002)	Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults - the CARDIA study	JAMA	Full
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Rosell, M (2006)	Association between dairy food consumption and weight change over 9 y in 19,352 perimenopausal women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Butter (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bjermo, H (2012)	Effects of n-6 PUFAs compared with SFAs on liver fat, lipoproteins, and inflammation in abdominal…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Caffeine (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Greenberg, JA (2005)	Coffee, tea and diabetes: the role of weight loss and caffeine	Int J Obes	Full
Lopez-Garcia, E (2006)	Changes in caffeine intake and long-term weight change in men and women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Caffeine (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Hursel, R (2009)	The effects of green tea on weight loss and weight maintenance: a meta-analysis	Int J Obes	Full
Manore, MM (2012)	Dietary supplements for improving body composition and reducing body weight: where is the evidence?	Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab	Abs
Tabrizi, R (2019)	The effects of caffeine intake on weight loss: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysi…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Vazquez Cisneros, LC (2017)	Effects of green tea and its epigallocatechin (EGCG) content on body weight and fat mass in human…	Nutr Hosp	Abs
Westerterp-Plantenga, MS (2010)	Green tea catechins, caffeine, and body-weight regulation	Physiol Behav	Abs

Calcium (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Beydoun, MA (2018)	Dairy product consumption and its association with metabolic disturbance in a prospective study o…	Br J Nutr	Full
Gonzalez, AJ (2006)	Calcium intake and 10-year weight chane in middle-aged adults	J Am Diet Assoc	Abs
Rajpathak, S (2006)	Calcium and dairy intakes in relation to long-term weight gain in US men	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Zohal, M (2019)	Association between selected trace elements and body mass index and waist circumference: a cross…	Diab Metab Synd Clin Res Rev	Abs

Calcium - Dietary (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Jones, KW (2013)	Effect of a dairy- and calcium-rich diet on weight loss and appetite during energy restriction in…	Eur J Clin Nutr	Full
Lanou & Barnard (2008)	Dairy and weight loss hypothesis: an evaluation of the clinical trials	Nutr Clin Care	Full

Calcium - Supplements (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Faghih, S (2011)	Comparison of the effects of cows’ milk, fortified soy milk, and calcium supplement on weight and…	Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis	Abs
Kjolbaek, L (2017)	Protein supplements after weight loss do not improve weight maintenance compared with recommended…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Lanou & Barnard (2008)	Dairy and weight loss hypothesis: an evaluation of the clinical trials	Nutr Clin Care	Full
Li, P (2016)	Effects of calcium supplementation on body weight: a meta-analysis	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Zhu, W (2013)	Calcium plus vitamin D3 supplementation facillitated fat loss in overweight and obese college stu…	Nutr J	Full

Candy (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Fogelholm & Tetens (2012)	Is candy eating a way to control body weight?	Food Nutr Res	Full
Murphy, MM (2013)	Body weight status and cardiovascular risk factors in adults by frequency of candy consumption	Nutr J	Full
O’Neil, CE (2011)	Candy consumption was not associated with body weight measures, risk factors for cardiovascular d…	Nutr Res	Abs

Cannabis (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Hayatbakhsh, MR (2010)	Cannabis use and obesity and young adults	Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse	Abs
Le Foll, B (2013)	Cannabis and THC for weight loss?	Med Hypoth	Abs
Ngueta, G (2015)	Cannabis use in relation to obesity and insulin resistance in the Inuit population	Obesity	Full
Penner, EA (2013)	The impact of marijuana use on glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance among US adults	Am J Med	Full
Ravi, D (2018)	Associations between marijuana use and cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes	Ann Intern Med	Full
Rodondi, N (2006)	Marijuana use, diet, body mass index, and cardiovascular risk factors (from the CARDIA study)	Am J Cardiol	Full
Thompson & Hay (2015)	Estimating the association between metabolic risk factros and marijuana use in US adults using da…	Ann Epidemiol	Abs
Warren, M (2005)	Body mass index and marijuana use	J Addict Diseases	Abs

Canola Oil (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Liu, X (2016)	Effects of canola and high-oleic-acid canola oils on abdominal fat mass in individuals with centr…	Obesity	Full
Nigam, P (2014)	Effect of a 6-month intervention with cooking oils containing a high concentration of monounsatur…	Diabetes Tech Ther	Abs
Raeisi-Dehkordi, H (2019)	The effect of canola oil on body weight and composition: a systematic review and meta-analysis of…	Adv Nutr	Full

Capsaicin (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lejeune, MP (2003)	Effect of capsaicin on substrate oxidation and weight maintenance after modest body-weight loss i…	Br J Nutr	Full
Nirengi, S (2016)	Assessment of human brown adipose tissue density during daily ingestion of thermogenic capsinoids…	J Biomed Opt	Full
Snitker, S (2009)	Effects of novel capsinoid treatment on fatness and energy metabolism in humans: possible pharmac…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full
Yoshioka, M (1999)	Effects of red pepper on appetite and energy intake	Br J Nutr	Full
Zheng, J (2017)	Dietary capsaicin and its anti-obesity potency: from mechanisms to clinical implications	Bioscience Reports	Full

Caralluma (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Arora, E (2015)	To evaluate efficacy and safety of Caralluma fimbriata in overweight and obese patients: a random…	Perspect Clin Res	Full
Astell, KJ (2013)	A pilot study investigating the effect of Caralluma fimbriata extract on the risk factors of meta…	Complement Ther Med	Abs
Kuriyan, R (2007)	Effect of Caralluma Fimbriata extract on appetite, food intake and anthropometry in adult Indian…	Appetite	Abs
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Caraway Extract (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kazemipoor, M (2013)	Antiobesity effect of caraway extract on overweight and obese women: a randomized, triple-blind,…	Evidence-Based Comp Alt Med	Full
Jafari-Maskouni, S (2020)	Metabolic and clinical responses to Bunium Persicum (black caraway) supplementation in overweight…	Nutr Metab	Full
Kazemipoor, M (2016)	Slimming and appetite-suppressing effects of Caraway Aqueous Extract as a natural therapy in phys…	Phytother Res	Abs
Mohammadkhani, PG (2021)	Effects of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and taking caraway supplement on C-reactive protein an…	Biological Rhythm Res	Abs

Carnitine (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Askarpour, M (2020)	Beneficial effects of l-carnitine supplementation for weight management in overweight and obese a…	Pharmacol Res	Abs
Liu, Y (2015)	A dietary supplement containing cinnamon, chromium and carnosine decreases fasting plasma glucose…	PLOS ONE	Full
Pooyandjoo, M (2016)	The effect of (L-) carnitine on weight loss in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of r…	Obes Rev	Abs
Talenezhad, N (2020)	Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on weight loss and body composition: a systematic review a…	Clin Nutr ESPEN	Abs
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full
Xu, Y (2017)	L-carnitine treatment of insulin resistance: a systematic review and meta-analysis	Adv Clin Exp Med	Full

Carotenoids (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Al-Delaimy, WK (2004)	Plasma levels of six carotenoids in nine European countries: report from the European Prospective…	Public Health Nutr	Full
Chai, W (2010)	Associations between obesity and serum lipid soluble micronutrients among premenopausal women	Nutr Res	Full
Kabat, GC (2016)	Longitudinal association of measures of adiposity wit serum antioxidant concentrations in postmen…	Eur J Clin Nutr	Full
Kimmons, JE (2006)	Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient levels among US adults	Med Gen Med	Full
Reitman, A (2002)	Low plasma antioxidant and normal plasma B vitamins and homocysteine in patients with severe obesity	IMAJ	Full
Wallstrom, P (2001)	Serum concentrations of B-carotene and a-tocopherol are associated with diet, smoking, and genera…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Casein (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Adechian, S (2012)	Protein feeding pattern, casein feeding, or milk-soluble protein feeding did not change the evolu…	AJP Endo Metab	Full
Anderson, JW (2007)	Soy compared to casein meal replacement shakes with energy-restricted diets for obese women: rand…	Metabolism	Abs

Cellulose (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Chen, I-J (2015)	Therapeutic effect of high-dose green tea extract on weight reduction: a randomized, double-blind…	Clin Nutr	Abs
Guess, ND (2015)	A randomized controlled trial: the effect of inulin on weight management and ectopic fat in subje…	Nutr Metab	Full
Novin, ZS (2018)	The weight loss effects of branched chain amino acids and vitamin B6: a randomized controlled tri…	Int J Vit Nutr Res	Abs

Cheese (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Beydoun, MA (2018)	Dairy product consumption and its association with metabolic disturbance in a prospective study o…	Br J Nutr	Full
Pereira, MA (2002)	Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults - the CARDIA study	JAMA	Full
Rosell, M (2006)	Association between dairy food consumption and weight change over 9 y in 19,352 perimenopausal women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full

Cheese (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Sharafedtinov, KK (2013)	Hypocaloric diet supplemented with probiotic cheese improves body mass index and blood pressure i…	Nutr J	Full

Chia Seeds (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nieman, DC (2009)	Chia seed does not promote weight loss or alter disease risk factors in overweight adults	Nutr Res	Abs
Nieman, DC (2012)	Chia seed supplementation and disease risk factors in overweight women: a metabolomics investigation	J Alt Complement Med	Abs
Teoh, SL (2018)	Clinical evidence on dietary supplementation with chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.): a systematic r…	Nutr Rev	Full
Vuksan, V (2017)	Salba-chia (Salvia hispanica L.) in the treatment of overweight and obese patients with type 2 di…	Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis	Abs

Chicken (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Melanson, K (2003)	Weight loss and total lipid profile changes in overweight women consuming beef or chicken as the…	Nutrition	Abs
Murphy, KJ (2014)	A comparison of regular consumption of fresh lean pork, beef and chicken on body composition: a r…	Nutrients	Full

Chitosan (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Chew & Brownlee (2018)	The impact of supplementation with dietary fibers on weight loss: a systematic review of randomis…	Bioact Carb Diet Fibre	Abs
Manore, MM (2012)	Dietary supplements for improving body composition and reducing body weight: where is the evidence?	Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab	Abs
Mhurchu, CN (2005)	Effect of chitosan on weight loss in overweight and obese individuals: a systematic review of ran…	Obes Rev	Abs
Moraru, C (2018)	A meta-analysis on randomised controlled clinical trials evaluating the effect of the dietary sup…	Medicina	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Chlorogenic Acid (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bakuradze, T (2011)	Antioxidant-rich coffee reduces DNA damage, elevates glutathione status and contributes to weight…	Mol Nutr Food Res	Abs
Kotyczka, C (2011)	Dark roast coffee is more effective than light roast coffee in reducing body weight, and in resto…	Mol Nutr Food Res	Abs
Onakpoya, I (2011)	The use of green coffee extract as a weight loss supplement: a systematic review and meta-analysi…	Gastroenterol Res Pract	Full
Revuelta-Iniesta & Al-Dujaili (2014)	Consumption of green coffee reduces blood pressure and body composition by influencing 11B-HSD1 e…	BioMed Res Int	Full
Thom, E (2007)	The effect of chlorogenic acid enriched coffee on glucose absorption in healthy volunteers and it…	J Int Med Res	Full
Watanabe, T (2006)	The blood pressure-lowering effect and safety of chlorogenic acid from green bean extract in esse…	Clin Exp Hypertens	Abs

Chocolate (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Greenberg & Buijsse (2013)	Habitual chocolate consumption may increase body weight in a dose-dependent manner	PLOS ONE	Full
Golomb, BA (2012)	Association between more frequency chocolate consumption and lower body mass index	Arch Intern Med	Full
Greenberg, JA (2015)	Chocolate-candy consumption and 3-year weight gain among postmenopausal US women	Obesity	Full
O’Neil, CE (2011)	Candy consumption was not associated with body weight measures, risk factors for cardiovascular d…	Nutr Res	Abs

Choline (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Gao, X (2016)	Higher dietary choline and betaine intakes are associated with better body composition in the adu…	PLOS ONE	Full
Gao, X (2018)	Higher serum choline and betain levels are associated with better body composition in male but no…	PLOS ONE	Full

Chromium Picolinate (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Anton, SD (2008)	Effects of chromium picolinate on food intake and satiety	Diab Technol Ther	Full
Liu, Y (2015)	A dietary supplement containing cinnamon, chromium and carnosine decreases fasting plasma glucose…	PLOS ONE	Full
Maleki, V (2018)	Chromium supplementation does not improve weight loss or metabolic and hormonal variables in pati…	Nutr Res	Abs
Onakpoya, I (2013)	Chromium supplementation in overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of rand…	Obes Rev	Abs
Tian, H (2013)	Chromium picolinate supplementation for overweight or obese adults	Cochrane Database Syst Rev	Full
Tsang, C (2019)	A meta-analysis of the effect of chromium supplementation on anthropometric indices of subjects w…	Clin Obes	Abs
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full
Whitfield, P (2016)	The effect of a cinnamon-, chromium- and magnesium-formulated honey on glycaemic control, weight…	Eur J Nutr	Abs
Yazaki, Y (2010)	A pilot study of chromium picolinate for weight loss	J Alt Complement Med	Full

Cinnamon (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Liu, Y (2015)	A dietary supplement containing cinnamon, chromium and carnosine decreases fasting plasma glucose…	PLOS ONE	Full
Whitfield, P (2016)	The effect of a cinnamon-, chromium- and magnesium-formulated honey on glycaemic control, weight…	Eur J Nutr	Abs

Cocoa Dark Chocolate (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Farhat, G (2013)	Dark chocolate: an obesity paradox or a culprit for weight gain?	Phytother Res	Abs
Kord-Varkaneh, H (2018)	Does cocoa/dark chocolate supplementation have favorable effect on body weight, body mass index a…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs

Coenzyme Q10 (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kolahdouz, MR (2013)	The effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on metabolic status of type 2 diabetic patients	Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol	Abs
Lee, Y-J (2011)	Effects of coenzyme Q10 on arterial stiffness, metabolic parameters, and fatigue in obese subject…	J Med Food	Abs
Saboori, S (2019)	Effect of Q10 supplementation on body weight and body mass index: a systematic review and meta-an…	Diab Metab Synd Clin Res Rev	Abs

Coffee (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Appelhans, BM (2017)	Beverage intake and metabolic syndrome risk over 14 years: the Study of Women’s Health Across the…	J Acad Nutr Diet	Full
Greenberg, JA (2005)	Coffee, tea and diabetes: the role of weight loss and caffeine	Int J Obes	Full
Lopez-Garcia, E (2006)	Changes in caffeine intake and long-term weight change in men and women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Odegaard, AO (2008)	Coffee, tea, and incident type 2 diabetes: the Singapore Chinese Health Study	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Pan, A (2013)	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from three prospective…	Int J Obes	Full
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full
Wu, T (2005)	Caffeinated coffee, and caffeine in relation to plasma C-peptide levels, a marker of insulin secr…	Diabetes Care	Full
Yonekura, Y (2020)	Daily coffee and green tea consumption is inversely associated with body mass index, body fat per…	Nutrients	Full

Coffee (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bakuradze, T (2011)	Antioxidant-rich coffee reduces DNA damage, elevates glutathione status and contributes to weight…	Mol Nutr Food Res	Abs
Onakpoya, I (2011)	The use of green coffee extract as a weight loss supplement: a systematic review and meta-analysi…	Gastroenterol Res Pract	Full
Revuelta-Iniesta & Al-Dujaili (2014)	Consumption of green coffee reduces blood pressure and body composition by influencing 11B-HSD1 e…	BioMed Res Int	Full
Thom, E (2007)	The effect of chlorogenic acid enriched coffee on glucose absorption in healthy volunteers and it…	J Int Med Res	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Coffee - Decaffeinated (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Greenberg, JA (2005)	Coffee, tea and diabetes: the role of weight loss and caffeine	Int J Obes	Full
Lopez-Garcia, E (2006)	Changes in caffeine intake and long-term weight change in men and women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Conjugated Linoleic Acid (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Blankson, H (2000)	Conjugated linoleic acid reduces body fat mass in overweight and obese humans	J Nutr	Full
den Hartigh, LJ (2019)	Conjugated linoleic acid effects on cancer, obesity, and atherosclerosis: a review of pre-clinica…	Nutrients	Full
Gaullier, JM (2007)	Six months supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid induces regional-specific fat mass decre…	Br J Nutr	Full
Kim, B (2016)	The effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on metabolic syndrome patients: a systematic review…	J Funct Foods	Abs
Namazi, N (2019)	The effects of supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid on anthropometric indices and body c…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Norris, LE (2009)	Comparison of dietary conjugated linoleic acid with safflower oil on body composition in obese po…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Steck, SE (2007)	Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation for twelve weeks increases lean body mass in obese humans	J Nutr	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Copper (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Alasfar, F (2011)	Selenium is significantly depleted among morbidly obese female patients seeking bariatric surgery	Obes Surg	Abs
Sanchez, C (2010)	Plasma levels of copper, manganese and selenium in an adult population in southern Spain: influen…	Sci Total Environ	Abs

Crocus Sativus (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Gout, B (2010)	Satiereal, a Crocus sativus L extract, reduces snacking and increases satiety in a randomized pla…	Nutr Res	Abs

Curcumin (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Akbari, M (2019)	The effects of curcumin on weight loss among patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorde…	Front Pharm	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Dairy (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Babio, N (2015)	Consumption of yogurt, low-fat milk, and other low-fat dairy products is associated with lower ri…	J Nutr	Full
Bergholdt, HKM (2015)	Milk intake is not associated with low risk of diabetes or overweight-obesity: a Mendelian random…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Beydoun, MA (2008)	Ethnic differences in dairy and related nutrient consumption among US adults and their associatio…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Beydoun, MA (2018)	Dairy product consumption and its association with metabolic disturbance in a prospective study o…	Br J Nutr	Full
Dougkas, A (2011)	Associations between dairy consumption and body weight: a review of the evidence and underlying m…	Nutr Res Rev	Full
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Kim & Kim (2017)	Dairy consumption is associated with a lower incidence of the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged a…	Br J Nutr	Full
Louie, J (2011)	Dairy consumption and overweight and obesity: a systematic review of prospective cohort studies	Obes Rev	Full
Pereira, M (2002)	Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults. The CARDIA Study	JAMA	Full
Rajpathak, S (2006)	Calcium and dairy intakes in relation to long-term weight gain in US men	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Ranganathan, R (2005)	The nutritional impact of dairy product consumption on dietary intakes of adults (1995-1996): The…	ADA	Abs
Rautiainen, S (2016)	Dairy consumption in association with weight change and risk of becoming overweight or obese in m…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Rosell, M (2006)	Associations between dairy food consumption and weight change over 9 y in 19,352 perimenopausal w…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Schlesinger, S (2019)	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-respon…	Adv Nutr	Full
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full
Schwingshackl, L (2016)	Consumption of dairy products in relation to changes in anthropometric variables in adult populat…	PLOS ONE	Full
Schwingshackl, L (2017)	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Vergnaud, A (2008)	Dairy consumption and 6-y changes in body weight and waist circumference in middle-aged French ad…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Wang, H (2013)	Longitudinal association between dairy consumption and changes of body weight and waist circumfer…	Int J Obes	Full
Wang, W (2016)	Association of dairy products consumption with risk of obesity in children and adults: a meta-ana…	Ann Epidemiol	Abs

Dairy (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Abargouei, A (2012)	Effect of dairy consumption on weight and body composition in adults: a systematic review and met…	Int J Obes	Full
Chen, M (2012)	Effects of dairy intake on body weight and fat: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Dougkas, A (2011)	Associations between dairy consumption and body weight: a review of the evidence and underlying m…	Nutr Res Rev	Full
Geng, T (2018)	Effects of dairy products consumption on body weight and body composition among adults: an update…	Mol Nutr Food Res	Abs
Jones, KW (2013)	Effect of a dairy-and calcium-rich diet on weight loss and appetite during energy restriction in…	Eur J Clin Nutr	Full
Josse, AR (2011)	Increased consumption of dairy foods and protein during diet- and exercise-induced weight loss pr…	J Nutr	Full
Lanou & Barnard (2008)	Dairy and weight loss hypothesis: an evaluation of the clinical trials	Nutr Clin Care	Full
Maersk, M (2012)	Sucrose-sweetened beverages increase fat storage in the liver, muscle, and visceral fat depot: a…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Nolan-Clark, D (2013)	Dietary consequences of recommending reduced-fat dairy products in the weight-loss context: A sec…	J Acad Nutr Diet	Abs
Rideout, TC (2013)	Consumption of low-fat dairy foods for 6 months improves insulin resistance without adversely aff…	J Nutr	Full
Soenen, S (2011)	Efficacy of a-Lactalbumin and milk protein on weight loss and body compositon during energy restr…	Obes Res	Full

Diacylglycerol Oil (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kawashima, H (2008)	One-year ad libitum consumption of diacylglycerol oil as part of a regular diet results in modest…	J Am Diet Assoc	Abs
Li, D (2008)	Diacylglycerol-induced improvement of whole-body insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus:…	Clin Nutr	Abs
Maki, KC (2002)	Consumption of diacylglycerol oil as part of a reduced-energy diet enhances loss of body weight a…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Nagao, T (2000)	Dietary diacylglycerol suppresses accumulation of body fat compared to triacylglycerol in men in…	J Nutr	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full
Xu, T (2008)	Effect of diacylglycerol on body weight: a meta-analysis	APJCN	Full

Diet Soda Beverages (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Appelhans, BM (2017)	Beverage intake and metabolic syndrome risk over 14 years: the Study of Women’s Health Across the…	J Acad Nutr Diet	Full
Dhingra, R (2007)	Soft drink consumption and risk of developing cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic synd…	Circulation	Full
Ferreira-Pego, C (2016)	Frequent consumption of sugar- and artificially sweetened beverages and natural and bottled fruit…	J Nutr	Full
Pan, A (2013)	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from three prospective…	Int J Obes	Full

Diet Soda Beverages (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Madjd, A (2018)	Effects of replacing diet beverages with water on weight loss and weight maintenance: 18-month fo…	Int J Obes	Abs
Madjd, A (2015)	Effects on weight loss in adults of replacing diet beverages with water during a hypoenergetic di…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Piernas, C (2013)	Does diet-beverage intake affect dietary consumption patterns? Results from the Choose Healthy Op…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Tate, DF (2012)	Replacing caloric beverages with water or diet beverages for weight loss in adults: main results…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity (DTAC) (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Farhangi, MA (2020)	Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), general and central obesity indices and serum lipids am…	Int J Vit Nutr Res	Abs
Mozaffari, H (2020)	Association of dietary antioxidant capacity to anthropometry in healthy women: a cross-sectional…	Nutrition	Abs
van der Schaft, N (2020)	Total dietary antioxidant capacity and longitudinal trajectories of body composition	Antioxidants	Full

Dried Fruit (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Fulgoni III, VL (2017)	Association of raisin consumption with nutrient intake, diet quality, and health risk factors in…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Keast, DR (2011)	Dried fruit consumption is associated with improved diet quality and reduced obesity in US adults…	Nutr Res	Abs

Dried Fruit (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Anderson, JW (2014)	Raisins compared with other snack effects on glycemia and blood pressure: a randomized, controlle…	Postgrad Med	Abs
Bays, H (2015)	A randomized study of raisins versus alternative snacks on glycemic control and other cardiovascu…	Physician Sportsmed	Abs
Kanellos, PT (2014)	A pilot, randomized controlled trial to examine the health outcomes of raisin consumption in pati…	Nutrition	Abs
Sullivan, VK (2020)	Dried fruit consumption and cardiometabolic health: a randomised crossover trial	Br J Nutr	Full

Eggs (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Schlesinger, S (2019)	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-respon…	Adv Nutr	Full
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full
Schwingshackl, L (2017)	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Woo, HW (2016)	Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between egg consumption and metabolic syndrome in a…	PLOS ONE	Full

Enterostatin (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kovacs, EMR (2003)	The effects of enterostatin intake on food intake and energy expenditure	Br J Nutr	Full

Ephedra (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Boozer, CN (2001)	An herbal supplement containing Ma Huang-Guarana for weight loss: a randomized, double-blind trial	Int J Obes	Full
Coffey, CS (2004)	A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of a product containing ephedrine, ca…	Int J Obes	Full
Manore, MM (2012)	Dietary supplements for improving body composition and reducing body weight: where is the evidence?	Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab	Abs
Shekelle, PG (2003)	Efficacy and safety of ephedra and ephedrine for weight loss and athletic performance. A meta-ana…	JAMA	Abs

Ephedrine & Caffeine (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Boozer, CN (2002)	Herbal ephedra/caffeine for weight loss: a 6-month randomized safety and efficacy trial	Int J Obes	Full
Coffey, CS (2004)	A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of a product containing ephedrine, ca…	Int J Obes	Full
Greenway, FL (2004)	Effect of a dietary herbal supplement containing caffeine and ephedra on weight, metabolic rate,…	Obes Res	Full
Hackman, RM (2007)	Multinutrient supplement containing ephedra and caffeine causes weight loss and improve metabolic…	Int J Obes	Full

Fiber (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Koh-Banerjee, P (2003)	Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physical activity, alcohol con…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Liu, SM (2003)	Relation between changes in intakes of dietary fiber and grain products and changes in weight and…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Ludwig, DS (1999)	Dietary fiber, weight gain, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in young adults	JAMA	Full
Rautiainen, S (2015)	Higher intake of fruit, but not vegetables or fiber, at baseline is associated with lower risk of…	J Nutr	Full

Fiber - Dietary (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Hu, X (2013)	Soy fiber improves weight loss and lipid profile in overweight and obese adults: a randomized con…	Mol Nutr Food Res	Abs
Saltzman, E (2000)	Effects of a cereal rich in soluble fiber on body composition and dietary compliance during consu…	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs
Wanders, AJ (2011)	Effects of dietary fibre on subjective appetite, energy intake and body weight: a systematic revi…	Obes Rev	Abs

Fiber Supplement (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Chew & Brownlee (2018)	The impact of supplementation with dietary fibers on weight loss: a systematic review of randomis…	Bioact Carb Diet Fibre	Abs
Grube, B (2013)	A natural fiber complex reduces body weight in the overweight, and obese: A double-blind, randomi…	Obesity	Full
Honsek, C (2018)	Fibre supplementation for the prevention of type 2 diabetes and improvement of glucose metabolism…	Diabetologia	Full
Howarth, NC (2001)	Dietary fiber and weight regulation	Nutr Rev	Full
Namazi, N (2017)	Are isolated and complex fiber supplements good choices for weight management? A systematic review	Arch Iran Med	Full
Rigaud, D (1990)	Overweight treated with energy restriction and a dietary fibre supplement: a 6-month randomized,…	Int J Obes	Abs
Thompson, SV (2017)	Effects of isolated soluble fiber supplementation on body weight, glycemia, and insulinemia in ad…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Wanders, AJ (2011)	Effects of dietary fibre on subjective appetite, energy intake and body weight: a systematic revi…	Obes Rev	Abs

Fiber Supplement - Soluble (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Jovanovski, E (2020)	Effect of viscous fiber supplementation on obesity indicators in individuals consuming calorie-re…	Eur J Nutr	Abs
Jovanovski, E (2020)	Can dietary viscous fiber affect body weight independently of an energy-restrictive diet? A syste…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Thompson, SV (2017)	Effects of isolated soluble fiber supplementation on body weight, glycemia, and insulinemia in ad…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Xie, Y (2020)	Effects of soluble fiber supplementation on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes melli…	Clin Nutr	Abs

Fish (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Baik, I (2010)	Intake of fish and n-3 fatty acids and future risk of metabolic syndrome	J Am Diet Assoc	Abs
Jakobsen, MU (2013)	Fish consumption and subsequent change in body weight in European women and men	Br J Nutr	Full
Jakobsen, MU (2012)	Fish consumption does not prevent increase in waist circumference in European women and men	Br J Nutr	Full
Karimi, G (2020)	A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between fish consumption and risk of met…	Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Disease	Abs
Rosell, M (2006)	Weight gain over 5 years in 21,966 meat-eating, fish-eating, vegetarian, and vegan men and women…	Int J Obes	Full
Schlesinger, S (2019)	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-respon…	Adv Nutr	Full
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full
Schwingshackl, L (2017)	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Spencer, EA (2003)	Diet and body mass index in 38,000 EPIC-Oxford meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans	Int J Obes	Full

Fish (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Abete, I (2009)	Legume-, fish-, or high-protein-based hypocaloric diets: Effects on weight loss and mitochondrial…	J Medicinal Food	Abs
Bender, N (2014)	Fish on n3-PUFA intake and body composition: a systematic review and meta-analysis	Obes Rev	Abs
Ramel, A (2010)	Moderate consumption of fatty fish reduces diastolic blood pressure in overweight and obese Europ…	Nutrition	Abs
Thorsdottir, I (2007)	Randomized trial of weight-loss-diets for young adults varying in fish and fish oil content	Int J Obes	Full

Fish - Fatty (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Jakobsen, MU (2013)	Fish consumption and subsequent change in body weight in European women and men	Br J Nutr	Full
Jakobsen, MU (2012)	Fish consumption does not prevent increase in waist circumference in European women and men	Br J Nutr	Full
Kim, YS (2016)	Intake of fish and long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and incidence of metabolic synd…	Eur J Nutr	Full
Torris, C (2017)	Lean fish consumption is associated with beneficial changes in the metabolic syndrome components:…	Nutrients	Full

Fish - Fatty (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Ramel, A (2010)	Moderate consumption of fatty fish reduces diastolic blood pressure in overweight and obese Europ…	Nutrition	Abs
Tapsell, LC (2013)	Foods, nutrients or whole diets: effects of targeting fish and LCn3PUFA consumption in a 12mo wei…	BMC Public Health	Full
Thorsdottir, I (2007)	Randomized trial of weight-loss-diets for young adults varying in fish and fish oil content	Int J Obes	Full

Fish - Lean (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Jakobsen, MU (2013)	Fish consumption and subsequent change in body weight in European women and men	Br J Nutr	Full
Jakobsen, MU (2012)	Fish consumption does not prevent increase in waist circumference in European women and men	Br J Nutr	Full
Torris, C (2017)	Lean fish consumption is associated with beneficial changes in the metabolic syndrome components:…	Nutrients	Full

Fish - Lean (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Ramel, A (2010)	Moderate consumption of fatty fish reduces diastolic blood pressure in overweight and obese Europ…	Nutrition	Abs
Thorsdottir, I (2007)	Randomized trial of weight-loss-diets for young adults varying in fish and fish oil content	Int J Obes	Full
Vikoren, LA (2013)	A randomised study on the effects of fish protein supplement on glucose tolerance, lipids, and bo…	Br J Nutr	Full

Fish Oil Supplementation (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bays, HE (2009)	The effect of prescription omega-3 fatty acids on body weight after 8 to 16 weeks of treatment fo…	Postgrad Med	Abs
DeFina, LF (2011)	Effects of omega-3 supplementation in combination with diet and exercise on weight loss and body…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Du, S (2015)	Does fish oil have an anti-obesity effect in overweight/obese adults? A meta-analysis of randomiz…	PLOS ONE	Full
Harden, CJ (2014)	Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation had no effect on body weight but reduced en…	Nutr Res	Abs
Munro & Garg (2013)	Dietary supplementation with long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and weight loss in ob…	Obes Res Clin Pract	Abs
Munro & Garg (2012)	Dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFA does not promote weight loss when combined with a very-low-…	Br J Nutr	Full
Ramel, A (2010)	Moderate consumption of fatty fish reduces diastolic blood pressure in overweight and obese Europ…	Nutrition	Abs
Tapsell, LC (2013)	Foods, nutrients or whole diets: effects of targeting fish and LCn3PUFA consumption in a 12mo wei…	BMC Public Health	Full
Thorsdottir, I (2007)	Randomized trial of weight-loss-diets for young adults varying in fish and fish oil content	Int J Obes	Full

Flavonoids (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bertoia, ML (2016)	Dietary flavonoid intake and weight maintenance: three prospective cohorts of 124,086 US men and…	BMJ	Full

Flaxseed (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kuang, X (2020)	Defatted flaxseed flour improves weight loss and lipid profile in overweight and obese adults: a…	Food Funct	Abs
Mohammadi-Sartang, M (2017)	The effect of flaxseed supplementation on body weight and body composition: a systematic review a…	Obes Rev	Abs
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Folate (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Garcia, OP (2009)	Impact of micronutrient deficiencies on obesity	Nutr Rev	Full
Kimmons, JE (2006)	Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient levels among US adults	Med Gen Med	Full
Kosesuleyman, S (2019)	Obesity is associated with folate metabolism. A systematic review	Int J Vit Nutr Res	Abs
Mlokzik-Czyzewska, MA (2020)	Low folate intake and serum levels are associated with higher body mass index and abdominal fat a…	Nutr J	Full
Wiebe, N (2018)	A systematic review of the vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine triad across body mass index	Obes Rev	Abs

Fructose (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bray & Popkin (2014)	Dietary sugar and body weight: Have we reached a crisis in the epidemic of obesity and diabetes?…	Diabetes Care	Full
Kahn & Sievenpiper (2014)	Dietary sugar and body weight: Have we reached a crisis in the epidemic of obesity and diabetes?…	Diabetes Care	Full
Te Morenga, L (2012)	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled tria…	Br Med J	Full

Fructose (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Aeberli, I (2011)	Low to moderate sugar-sweetened beverage consumption impairs glucose and lipid metabolism and pro…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
McDevitt, RM (2000)	Macronutrient disposal during controlled overfeeding with glucose, fructose, sucrose, or fat in l…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Sievenpiper, JL (2012)	Effect of fructose on body weight in controlled feeding trials. A systematic review and meta-anal…	Ann Int Med	Abs
Te Morenga, L (2012)	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled tria…	Br Med J	Full

Fruit & Vegetable (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Annesi, JJ (2011)	Self-regulatory skills usage strengthens the relations of self efficacy for improved eating, exer…	Behav Med	Abs
Azagba & Sharaf (2013)	Fruit and vegetable consumption and body mass index: A quantile regression approach	J Prim Care Comm Health	Full
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2008)	Prospective study of dietary energy density and weight gain in women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
He, K (2004)	Changes in fruit and vegetable intake in relation to risk of obesity and weight gain among middle…	Int J Obes	Full
He, K (2004)	Changes in intake of fruits and vegetables in relation to risk of obesity and weight gain among m…	Int J Obes	Full
Schlesinger, S (2019)	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-respon…	Adv Nutr	Full
Vioque, J (2008)	Intake of fruits and vegetables in relation to 10-year weight gain among Spanish adults	Obesity	Full

Fruit & Vegetable (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Barnard, RJ (1983)	Long-term use of a high-complex-carbohydrate, high-fiber, low-fat diet and exercise in the treatm…	Diabetes Care	Abs
Djuric, Z (2002)	Methods to increase fruit and vegetable intake with and without a decrease in fat intake: complia…	Nutr Cancer	Abs
Djuric, Z (2006)	Effects of high fruit-vegetable and/or low-fat intervention on plasma micronutrient levels	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs
Fitzgibbon, ML (2010)	Obesity reduction black intervention trial (ORBIT): 18-month results	Obesity	Full
Ge, L (2020)	Comparison of dietary macronutrient patterns of 14 popular named dietary programmes for weight an…	BMJ	Full
Howard, BV (2010)	Low-fat dietary pattern and lipoprotein risk factors: the Women’s Health Initiative Dietary Modif…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Imai, S (2011)	A simple meal plan of ’eating vegetables before carbohydrate’ was more effective for achieving gl…	Asia Pac J Clin Nutr	Abs
Kopf, JC (2018)	Role of whole grains versus fruits and vegetables in reducing subclinical inflammation and promot…	Nutr J	Full
Kristal, AR (2005)	Low-fat, high fruit and vegetable diets and weight loss do not affect biomarkers of cellular prol…	Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev	Full
Lanza, E (2001)	Implementation of a 4-y, high-fiber, high-fruit-and-vegetable, low-fat dietary intervention: resu…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Lanza, E (2007)	The Polyp Prevention Trial-Continued follow-up study: no effect of a low-fat, high-fiber, high-fr…	Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev	Full
Lapointe, A (2010)	Comparison of a dietary intervention promoting high intakes of fruits and vegetables with a low-f…	Br J Nutr	Full
Lara, JJ (2014)	Effectiveness of dietary interventions among adults of retirement age: a systematic review and me…	BMC Med	Full
Mytton, OT (2014)	Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of increased vegetable and fruit consumption on…	BMC Public Health	Full
Pierce, JP (2007)	Influence of a diet very high in vegetables, fruit, and fiber and low in fat on prognosis followi…	JAMA	Full
Rolls, BJ (2004)	What can intervention studies tell us about the relationship between fruit and vegetable consumpt…	Nutr Rev	Full
Tapsell, LC (2013)	Effects of vegetable consumption on weight loss: a review of the evidence with implications for d…	Critical Rev Food Sci	Abs
Tapsell, LC (2014)	Weight loss effects from vegetable intake: a 12-month randomised controlled trial	EJCN	Full

Fruit (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2008)	Prospective study of dietary energy density and weight gain in women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
de Munter, JS (2015)	Longitudinal analysis of lifestyle habits in relation to body mass index, onset of overweight and…	Scan J Public Health	Abs
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Mozaffarian, D (2011)	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM	Full
Rautiainen, S (2015)	Higher intake of fruit, but not vegetables or fiber, at baseline is associated with lower risk of…	J Nutr	Full
Schlesinger, S (2019)	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-respon…	Adv Nutr	Full
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full
Schwingshackl, L (2015)	Fruit and vegetable consumption and changes in anthopometric variables in adult populations: a sy…	PLOS ONE	Full
Schwingshackl, L (2017)	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Fruit Juices (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2006)	Predictors of weight gain in a Mediterranean cohort: the Sequimiento Universidad de Navarra Study	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Duffey, KJ (2010)	Drinking caloric beverages increases the risk of adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in the Coronary…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Ferreira-Pego, C (2016)	Frequent consumption of sugar- and artificially sweetened beverages and natural and bottled fruit…	J Nutr	Full
Funtikova, AN (2015)	Soft drink consumption is positively associated with increased waist circumference and 10-year in…	J Nutr	Full
Pan, A (2013)	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from three prospective…	Int J Obes	Full
Rampersaud, GC (2017)	100% citrus juice: nutritional contribution, dietary benefits, and association with anthropometri…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs

Fruit Juices (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Azzini, E (2017)	Effect of red orange juice consumption on body composition and nutritional status in overweight/o…	Oxid Med Cell Long	Full
Barth, SW (2012)	Moderate effects of apple juice consumption on obesity-related markers in obese men: impact of di…	Eur J Nutr	Abs
Fujioka, K (2006)	The effects of grapefruit on weight and insulin resistance: relationship to the metabolic syndrome	J Med Food	Abs
Hollis, JH (2009)	Effects of concord grape juice on appetite, diet, body weight, lipid profile, and antioxidant sta…	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs
Rampersaud, GC (2017)	100% citrus juice: nutritional contribution, dietary benefits, and association with anthropometri…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Rangel-Huerta, OD (2015)	Normal or high polyphenol concentration in orange juice affects antioxidant activity, blood press…	J Nutr	Full
Ribeiro, C (2017)	Orange juice allied to a reduced-calorie diet results in weight loss and ameliorates obesity-rela…	Nutrition	Full
Silver, HJ (2011)	Effects of grapefruit, grapefruit juice and water preloads on energy balance, weight loss, body c…	Nutr Metab	Full

Garcinia Extract (Hydroxycitric Acid ) (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Hayamizu, K (2003)	Effects of garcinia cambogia (Hydroxycitric Acid) on visceral fat accumulation: a double-blind, r…	Curr Ther Res Clin Exp	Full
Heymsfield, SB (1998)	Carginia cambogia (Hydroxycitric Acid) as a potential antiobesity agent. A randomized controlled…	JAMA	Full
Kim, J-E (2011)	Does Glycine max leaves or Garcinia Cambogia promote weight-loss or lower plasma cholesterol in o…	Nutr J	Full
Maia-Landim, A (2018)	Long-term effects of Garcinia cambogia/Glucomannan on weight loss in people with obesity, PLIN4,…	BMC Complement Alt Med	Full
Onakpoya, I (2011)	The use of garcinia extract (hydroxycitric acid) as a weight loss supplement: a systematic review…	J Obes	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Ginseng (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Cho, YH (2013)	Effect of Korean red ginseng on insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic healthy overweight and obese…	Asia Pac J Clin Nutr	Abs
Kwon, DH (2012)	Efficacy of Korean red ginseng by single nucelotide polymorphism in obese women: randomized, doub…	J Ginseng Res	Full
Reeds, DN (2011)	Ginseng and ginsenoside re do not improve B-cell function or insulin sensitivity in overweight an…	Diabetes Care	Full
Sotaniemi, EA (1995)	Ginseng therapy in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Effects on psychophysical performance…	Diabetes Care	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Glucomannan (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Birketvedt, GS (2005)	Experiences with three different fiber supplements in weight reduction	Med Sci Monitor	Full
Chew & Brownlee (2018)	The impact of supplementation with dietary fibers on weight loss: a systematic review of randomis…	Bioact Carb Diet Fibre	Abs
Keithley & Swanson (2005)	Glucomannan and obesity: a critical review	Alt Therap	Abs
Keithley, JK (2013)	Safety and efficacy of glucomannan for weight loss in overweight and moderately obese adults	J Obes	Full
Maia-Landim, A (2018)	Long-term effects of Garcinia cambogia/Glucomannan on weight loss in people with obesity, PLIN4,…	BMC Complement Alt Med	Full
Onakpoya, I (2014)	The efficacy of glucomannan supplementation in overweight and obesity: a systematic review and me…	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs
Sood, N (2008)	Effect of glucomannan on plasma lipid and glucose concentrations, body weight, and blood pressure…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full
Yoshida, M (2006)	Effect of plant sterols and glucomannan on lipids in individuals with and without type II diabetes	Eur J Clin Nutr	Full

Glucose (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Aeberli, I (2011)	Low to moderate sugar-sweetened beverage consumption impairs glucose and lipid metabolism and pro…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
McDevitt, RM (2000)	Macronutrient disposal during controlled overfeeding with glucose, fructose, sucrose, or fat in l…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Te Morenga, L (2012)	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled tria…	Br Med J	Full

Gluten (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Behrendt, I (2021)	Gluten intake and metabolic health: conflicting findings from the UK Biobank	Eur J Nutr	Full
Jamnik, J (2015)	Gluten intake is positively associated with plasma a2-macroglobulin in young adults	J Nutr	Full
Kim, H-S (2017)	Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular risk in gluten-free followers without celiac dise…	Digest Diseases Sci	Abs

Gluten (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Ehteshami, M (2018)	The effect of gluten free diet on components of metabolic syndrome: a randomized clinical trial	Asian Pac J Cancer Prev	Full
Hansen, LBS (2018)	A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults	Nat Commun	Full
Jenkins, DJ (2001)	High-protein diets in hyperlipidemia: effect of wheat gluten on serum lipids, uric acid, and rena…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Grape Seed Extract (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Parandoosh, M (2019)	The effects of grape seed extract (Vitis vinifera) supplement on inflammatory markers, neuropepti…	Phtyother Res	Abs
Park, E (2015)	Effects of grape seed extract beverage on blood pressure and metabolic indices in individuals wit…	Br J Nutr	Full
Yousefi, R (2020)	Grape seed extract supplementation along with a restricted-calorie diet improves cardiovascular r…	Phytother Res	Abs

Grapefruit (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Dow, CA (2012)	The effects of daily consumption of grapefruit on body weight lipids and blood pressure in health…	Metab Clin Exp	Abs
Onakpoya, I (2017)	The effect of grapefruits (Citrus paradisi) on body weight and cardiovascular risk factors: a sys…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Silver, HJ (2011)	Effects of grapefruit, grapefruit juice and water preloads on energy balance, weight loss, body c…	Nutr Metab	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Green Tea (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Pan, A (2013)	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from three prospective…	Int J Obes	Full
Wu, C-H (2003)	Relationship among habitual tea consumption, percent body fat, and body fat distribution	Obes Res	Full
Yonekura, Y (2020)	Daily coffee and green tea consumption is inversely associated with body mass index, body fat per…	Nutrients	Full

Green Tea (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Basu, A (2010)	Green tea supplementation affects body weight, lipids, and lipid peroxidation in obese subjects w…	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs
Brown, AL (2011)	Health effects of green tea catechins in overweight and obese men: a randomised controlled cross-…	Br J Nutr	Full
Chen, I-J (2015)	Therapeutic effect of high-dose green tea extract on weight reduction: a randomized, double-blind…	Clin Nutr	Abs
Hsu, C-H (2008)	Effect of green tea extract on obese women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinic…	Clin Nutr	Abs
Hursel, R (2009)	The effects of green tea on weight loss and weight maintenance: a meta-analysis	Int J Obes	Full
Jurgens, TM (2012)	Green tea for weight loss and weight maintenance in overweight or obese adults (Review)	Cochrane Data	Abs
Li, X (2020)	Does tea extract supplementation benefit metabolic syndrome and obesity? A systematic review and…	Clin Nutr	Abs
Lin, Y (2020)	The effect of green tea supplementation on obesity: a systematic review and dose-response meta-an…	Phytother Res	Abs
Manore, MM (2012)	Dietary supplements for improving body composition and reducing body weight: where is the evidence?	Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab	Abs
Mielgo-Ayuso, J (2013)	Effects of dietary supplementation with epigallocatechin-3-gallate on weight loss, energy homeost…	Br J Nutr	Full
Nagao, T (2005)	Ingestion of a tea rich in catechins leads to a reduction in body fat and malondialdehyde-modifie…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Nagao, T (2007)	A green tea extract high in catechins reduces body fat and cardiovascular risks in humans	Obesity	Full
Suliburska, J (2012)	Effects of green tea supplementation on elements, total antioxidants, lipids, and glucose values…	Biol Trace Elem Res	Full
Tsai, CH (2009)	A novel green tea meal replacement formula for weight loss among obese individuals: a randomized…	Int J Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Vazquez Cisneros, LC (2017)	Effects of green tea and its epigallocatechin (EGCG) content on body weight and fat mass in human…	Nutr Hosp	Abs
Wang, H (2010)	Effects of catechin enriched green tea on body composition	Obesity	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full
Westerterp-Plantenga, MS (2010)	Green tea catechins, caffeine, and body-weight regulation	Physiol Behav	Abs

Guar Gum (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Birketvedt, GS (2005)	Experiences with three different fiber supplements in weight reduction	Med Sci Monitor	Full
Pittler & Ernst (2001)	Guar gum for body weight reduction: meta-analysis of randomized trials	Am J Med	Abs
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Guarana (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Boozer, CN (2001)	An herbal supplement containing Ma Huang-Guarana for weight loss: a randomized, double-blind trial	Int J Obes	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract (Actiponin)

Reference	Title	Journal
Park, S-H (2014)	Antiobesity effect of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract (Actiponin): a randomized, double-blind, pl…	Obesity	Full

High Fructose Corn Syrup (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bray & Popkin (2014)	Dietary sugar and body weight: Have we reached a crisis in the epidemic of obesity and diabetes?…	Diabetes Care	Full
Kahn & Sievenpiper (2014)	Dietary sugar and body weight: Have we reached a crisis in the epidemic of obesity and diabetes?…	Diabetes Care	Full
Klurfeld, DM (2013)	Lack of evidence for high fructose corn syrup as the cause of the obesity epidemic	Int J Obes	Full
Te Morenga, L (2012)	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled tria…	Br Med J	Full
White, JS (2013)	Challenging the Fructose hypothesis: new perspectives on fructose consumption and metabolism	Adv Nutr	Full

High Fructose Corn Syrup (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lowndes, J (2012)	The effects of four hypocaloric diets containing different levels of sucrose or high fructose cor…	Nutr J	Full
Lowndes, J (2014)	The effects of fructose-containing sugars on weight, body composition and cardiometabolic risk fa…	Nutrients	Full
Te Morenga, L (2012)	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled tria…	Br Med J	Full

Honey (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Ab Wahab, SZ (2018)	Long-term effects of honey on cardiovascular parameters and anthropometric measurements of postme…	Complement Ther Med	Full
Akhbari, M (2021)	The effects of oral consumption of honey on key metabolic profiles in adult patients with type 2…	Evidence-Based Comp Alt Med	Full
Yaghoobi, N (2008)	Natural honey and cardiovascular risk factors; Effects on blood glucose, cholesterol, triacylglyc…	Sci World J	Full

Inulin (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Aliasgharzadeh, A (2015)	A combination of prebiotic inulin and oligofructose improve some of cardiovascular disease risk f…	Adv Pharm Bull	Full
Dewulf, EM (2013)	Insight into the prebiotic concept: lessons from an exploratory, double blind intervention study…	Gut	Full
Guess, ND (2015)	A randomized controlled trial: the effect of inulin on weight management and ectopic fat in subje…	Nutr Metab	Full
Hess, AL (2019)	The effect of inulin and resistant maltodextrin on weight loss during energy restriction: a rando…	Eur J Nutr	Abs
Liber & Szajewska (2013)	Effects of inulin-type fructans on appetite, energy intake, and body weight in children and adult…	Ann Nutr Metab	Full
Vaghef-Mehrabany, E (2019)	Calorie restriction in combination with prebiotic supplementation in obese women with depression:…	Nutr Neurosci	Abs
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Irvingia gabonensis (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Ngondi, JL (2005)	The effect of Irvingia gabonensis seeds on body weight and blood lipids of obese subjects in Came…	Lipids Health Disease	Full
Ngondi, JL (2009)	IGOB131, a novel seed extract of the West African plant Irvingia gabonensis, significantly reduce…	Lipids Health Disease	Full

Lactobacillus (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Crovesy, L (2017)	Effect of Lactobacillus on body weight and body fat in overweight subjects: a systematic review o…	Int J Obes	Abs
Jung, SP (2013)	Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 on overweight and obese adults: a randomized, double-blind…	Korean J Fam Med	Full
Kadooka, Y (2013)	Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 in fermented milk on abdominal adiposity in adults in a r…	Br J Nutr	Full
Sharafedtinov, KK (2013)	Hypocaloric diet supplemented with probiotic cheese improves body mass index and blood pressure i…	Nutr J	Full

Lactovegetarian (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Newby, PK (2005)	Risk of overweight and obesity among semivegetarian, lactovegetarian, and vegan women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Lauric Acid (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Raatz, SK (2017)	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US adults	Nutrients	Full

Licorice (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Alizadeh, M (2018)	Changes of insulin resistance and adipokines following supplementation with Glycyrrhiza Glabra L….	Adv Pharm Bull	Full
Bell, ZW (2011)	A dual investigation of the effect of dietary supplementation with licorice flavonoid oil on anth…	Lipids Health Disease	Full
Luis, A (2018)	Metabolic changes after licorice consumption: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial se…	Phytomed	Abs
Tominaga, Y (2006)	Licorice flavonoid oil effects body weight loss by reduction of body fat mass in overweight subjects	J Health Sci	Abs
Tominaga, Y (2009)	Licorice flavonoid oil reduces total body fat and visceral fat in overweight subjects: a randomiz…	Obes Res Clin Pract	Abs
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Linoleic Acid (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bjermo, H (2012)	Effects of n-6 PUFAs compared with SFAs on liver fat, lipoproteins, and inflammation in abdominal…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Linolenic Acid (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Raatz, SK (2017)	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US adults	Nutrients	Full

Low-Fat Cheese & Sour Cream (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Pereira, MA (2002)	Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults - the CARDIA study	JAMA	Full

Low-Fat Dairy (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Babio, N (2015)	Consumption of yogurt, low-fat milk, and other low-fat dairy products is associated with lower ri…	J Nutr	Full
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Pereira, MA (2002)	Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults - the CARDIA study	JAMA	Full
Rautiainen, S (2016)	Dairy consumption in association with weight change and risk of becoming overweight or obese in m…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Low-Fat Milk (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Babio, N (2015)	Consumption of yogurt, low-fat milk, and other low-fat dairy products is associated with lower ri…	J Nutr	Full
Duffey, KJ (2010)	Drinking caloric beverages increases the risk of adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in the Coronary…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Funtikova, AN (2015)	Soft drink consumption is positively associated with increased waist circumference and 10-year in…	J Nutr	Full
Pan, A (2013)	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from three prospective…	Int J Obes	Full
Pereira, MA (2002)	Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults - the CARDIA study	JAMA	Full
Rosell, M (2006)	Association between dairy food consumption and weight change over 9 y in 19,352 perimenopausal women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Low-Fat Milk (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Faghih, S (2011)	Comparison of the effects of cows’ milk, fortified soy milk, and calcium supplement on weight and…	Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis	Abs
Gilbert, J-A (2010)	Milk supplementation facilitates appetite control in obese women during weight loss: a randomised…	Br J Nutr	Full
Rosado, JL (2011)	Intake of milk with added micronutrients increases the effectiveness of an energy-restricted diet…	J Am Diet Assoc	Abs

Low-Fat Yogurt (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Babio, N (2015)	Consumption of yogurt, low-fat milk, and other low-fat dairy products is associated with lower ri…	J Nutr	Full
Sayon-Orea, C (2015)	Association between yogurt consumption and the risk of metabolic syndrome over 6 years in the SUN…	BMC Public Health	Full

Low-Fat Yogurt (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Madjd, A (2016)	Comparison of the effect of daily consumption of probiotic compared with low-fat conventional yog…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Magnesium (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Alasfar, F (2011)	Selenium is significantly depleted among morbidly obese female patients seeking bariatric surgery	Obes Surg	Abs
Beydoun, MA (2018)	Dairy product consumption and its association with metabolic disturbance in a prospective study o…	Br J Nutr	Full
Castellanos-Gutierrez, A (2018)	Higher dietary magnesium intake is associated with lower body mass index, waist circumference and…	Nutr J	Full
Ford, ES (2007)	Intake of dietary magnesium and the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among US adults	Obesity	Full
Laires, MJ (2004)	Magnesium, insulin resistance and body composition in healthy postmenopausal women	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs
Zohal, M (2019)	Association between selected trace elements and body mass index and waist circumference: a cross…	Diab Metab Synd Clin Res Rev	Abs

Magnesium (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Karandish, M (2013)	The effect of magnesium supplementation and weight loss on liver enzymes in patients with nonalco…	J Res Med Sci	Full
Rodriguez-Moran & Guerrero-Romero (2003)	Oral magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity and metabolic control in type 2 diabe…	Diabetes Care	Full
Whitfield, P (2016)	The effect of a cinnamon-, chromium- and magnesium-formulated honey on glycaemic control, weight…	Eur J Nutr	Abs

Manganese (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Sanchez, C (2010)	Plasma levels of copper, manganese and selenium in an adult population in southern Spain: influen…	Sci Total Environ	Abs

Mangosteen (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kudiganti, V (2016)	Efficacy and tolerability of Meratrim for weight management: a randomized, double-blind, placeo-c…	Lipids Health Disease	Full
Stern, JS (2013)	Efficacy and tolerability of a novel herbal formulation for weight management	Obesity	Full
Udani, J (2009)	Evaluation of mangosteen juice blend on biomarkers of inflammation in obese subjects: a pilot, do…	Nutr J	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full
Watanabe, M (2018)	Mangosteen extract shows a potent insulin sensitizing effect in obese female patients: a prospect…	Nutrients	Full
Xie, Z (2015)	Daily consumption of a mangosteen-based drink improves in vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory…	Food Sci Nutr	Full

Meat (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Kahn, HS (1997)	Stable behaviors associated with adults’ 10-year change in body mass index and likelihood of gain…	Am J Public Health	Full
Rosell, M (2006)	Weight gain over 5 years in 21,966 meat-eating, fish-eating, vegetarian, and vegan men and women…	Int J Obes	Full
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full
Spencer, EA (2003)	Diet and body mass index in 38,000 EPIC-Oxford meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans	Int J Obes	Full
Vergnaud, AC (2010)	Meat consumption and prospective weight change in participants of the EPIC-PANACEA study	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Medium Chain Triglycerides (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Krotkiewski, M (2001)	Value of VLCD supplementation with medium chain triglycerides	Int J Obes	Full
St-Onge & Bosarge (2008)	Weight-loss diet that includes consumption of medium-chain triacylglycerol oil leads to a greater…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Tsuji, H (2001)	Dietary medium-chained triacylglycerols suppress accumulation of body fat in a double-blind, cont…	J Nutr	Full

Meratrim (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kudiganti, V (2016)	Efficacy and tolerability of Meratrim for weight management: a randomized, double-blind, placeo-c…	Lipids Health Disease	Full
Stern, JS (2013)	Efficacy and tolerability of a novel herbal formulation for weight management	Obesity	Full

Monosodium Glutamate (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
He, K (2011)	Consumption of monosodium glutamate in relation to incidence of overweight in Chinese adults: Chi…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Hien, VTT (2012)	Monosodium glutamate is not associated with overweight in Vietnamese adults	Public Health Nutr	Full
Insawang, T (2012)	Monosodium glutamate (MSG) intake is associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a ru…	Nutr Metab	Full
Rogers, MD (2013)	Further studies are necessary in order to conclude a causal association between the consumption o…	Nutr Metab	Full
Samuels (2010)	Monosodium glutamate is not associated with obesity or a greater prevalence of weight gain over 5…	Br J Nutr	Full
Shi, Z (2010)	Monosodium glutamate is not associated with obesity or a greater prevalence of weight gain over 5…	Br J Nutr	Full

Monounsaturated Fat (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Field, AE (2007)	Dietary fat and weight gain among women in the nurses’ health study	Obesity	Full
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Koh-Banerjee, P (2003)	Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physical activity, alcohol con…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Liu, X (2018)	Changes in types of dietary fats influence long-term weight change in US women and men	J Nutr	Full
Raatz, SK (2017)	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US adults	Nutrients	Full

Monounsaturated Fat (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Baxheinrich, A (2012)	Effects of a rapeseed oil-enriched hypoenergetic diet with a high content of alpha-linolenic acid…	Br J Nutr	Full
Colette, C (2003)	Exchanging carbohydrates for monounsaturated fats in energy-restricted diets: effects on metaboli…	Int J Obes	Full
Low, CC (1996)	Potentiation of effects of weight loss by monounsaturated fatty acids in obese NIDDM patients	Diabetes	Abs
Munro & Garg (2013)	Dietary supplementation with long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and weight loss in ob…	Obes Res Clin Pract	Abs
Munro & Garg (2012)	Dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFA does not promote weight loss when combined with a very-low-…	Br J Nutr	Full
Pelkman, CL (2004)	Effects of moderate-fat (from monounsaturated) and low-fat weight-loss diets on the serum lipid p…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Piers, LS (2003)	Substitution of saturated with monounsaturated fat in a 4-week diet affects body weight and compo…	Br J Nutr	Full
Pieterse, Z (2005)	Substitution of high monounsaturated fatty acid avocado for mixed dietary fats during an energy-r…	Nutrition	Abs

Multi-ingredient Supplements (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kudiganti, V (2016)	Efficacy and tolerability of Meratrim for weight management: a randomized, double-blind, placeo-c…	Lipids Health Disease	Full
Liu, Y (2015)	A dietary supplement containing cinnamon, chromium and carnosine decreases fasting plasma glucose…	PLOS ONE	Full
Lopez, HL (2013)	Eight weeks of supplementation with a multi-ingredient weight loss product enhances body composit…	J Int Soc Sports Nutr	Full
Stern, JS (2013)	Efficacy and tolerability of a novel herbal formulation for weight management	Obesity	Full
Whitfield, P (2016)	The effect of a cinnamon-, chromium- and magnesium-formulated honey on glycaemic control, weight…	Eur J Nutr	Abs

Mushrooms (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Poddar, KH (2013)	Positive effect of mushrooms substituted for meat on body weight, body composition, and health pa…	Appetite	Abs

Myristric Acid (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Raatz, SK (2017)	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US adults	Nutrients	Full

Nuts (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2007)	Nut consumption and weight gain in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN study	Obesity	Full
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2009)	Prospective study of nut consumption, long-term weight change, and obesity risk in women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Fernandez-Montero, A (2013)	Nut consumption and incidence of metabolic syndrome after 6-year follow up: the SUN cohort	Public Health Nutr	Full
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Freisling, H (2018)	Nut intake and 5-year changes in body weight and obesity risk in adults: results from the EPIC-PA…	Eur J Nutr	Abs
Martinez-Gonzalez & Bes-Rastrollo (2011)	Nut consumption, weight gain, and obesity: Epidemiological evidence	Nur Metab Cardiovasc	Abs
Mozaffarian, D (2011)	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM	Full
O’Neil, CE (2012)	Out-of-hand nut consumption is associated with improved nutrient intake and health risk markers i…	Nutr Res	Abs
Schlesinger, S (2019)	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-respon…	Adv Nutr	Full
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full
Schwingshackl, L (2017)	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Vadivel, V (2012)	Health benefits of nut consumption with special reference to body weight	Nutrition	Abs

Nuts (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Flores-Mateo, G (2013)	Nut intake and adiposity: meta-analysis of clinical trials	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Foster, GD (2012)	A randomized trial of the effects of an almond-enriched, hypocaloric diet in the treatment of obe…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Li, Z (2010)	Pistachio nuts reduce triglycerides and body weight by comparison to refined carbohydrate snack i…	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs
Njike, VY (2017)	Snacking, satiety, and weight: a randomized, controlled trial	Am J Health Promot	Abs
Salas-Alvado, J (2008)	Effect of Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts on metabolic syndrome status: One-year result…	Ann Intern Med	Full
Vadivel, V (2012)	Health benefits of nut consumption with special reference to body weight	Nutrition	Abs

Oats (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Li, X (2016)	Short- and long-term effects of wholegrain oat intake on weight management and glucolipid metabol…	Nutrients	Full
McGeoch, SC (2013)	A randomized crossover study to assess the effect of an oat-rich diet on glycaemic control, plasm…	Diabetic Med	Full
Saltzman, E (2000)	Effects of a cereal rich in soluble fiber on body composition and dietary compliance during consu…	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs

Oleic Acid (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nimptsch, K (2010)	Effect of dietary fatty acid intake on prospective weight change in the Heidelberg cohort of the…	Public Health Nutr	Full
Raatz, SK (2017)	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US adults	Nutrients	Full

Oleic Acid (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Alves, RDM (2014)	Regular intake of high-oleic peanuts improves fat oxidation and body composition in overweight/ob…	Obesity	Full
Harden, CJ (2014)	Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation had no effect on body weight but reduced en…	Nutr Res	Abs
Liu, X (2016)	Effects of canola and high-oleic-acid canola oils on abdominal fat mass in individuals with centr…	Obesity	Full
Raeisi-Dehkordi, H (2019)	The effect of canola oil on body weight and composition: a systematic review and meta-analysis of…	Adv Nutr	Full

Oligofructose (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Aliasgharzadeh, A (2015)	A combination of prebiotic inulin and oligofructose improve some of cardiovascular disease risk f…	Adv Pharm Bull	Full
Dewulf, EM (2013)	Insight into the prebiotic concept: lessons from an exploratory, double blind intervention study…	Gut	Full
Parnell & Reimer (2009)	Weight loss during oligofructose supplementation is associated with decreased ghrelin and increas…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Pol, K (2018)	The efficacy of daily snack replacement with oligofructose-enriched granola bars in overweight an…	Br J Nutr	Full

Olive Oil (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Benitez-Arciniega, AD (2012)	Olive oil consumption, BMI, and risk of obesity in Spanish adults	Obes Facts	Full
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2006)	Olive oil consumption and weight change: the SUN prospective cohort study	Lipids	Abs
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Soriguer, F (2009)	Incidence of obesity is lower in persons who consume olive oil	Eur J Clin Nutr	Full

Olive Oil (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Baxheinrich, A (2012)	Effects of a rapeseed oil-enriched hypoenergetic diet with a high content of alpha-linolenic acid…	Br J Nutr	Full
Blankson, H (2000)	Conjugated linoleic acid reduces body fat mass in overweight and obese humans	J Nutr	Full
Candido, FG (2018)	Consumption of extra virgin olive oil improves body composition and blood pressure in women with…	Eur J Nutr	Abs
Nigam, P (2014)	Effect of a 6-month intervention with cooking oils containing a high concentration of monounsatur…	Diabetes Tech Ther	Abs
St-Onge & Bosarge (2008)	Weight-loss diet that includes consumption of medium-chain triacylglycerol oil leads to a greater…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Omega-3 Fatty Acids (EPA & DHA) (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Hastert, TA (2018)	Association of plasma phospholipid polyunsaturated and trans faty acids with body mass index: res…	Int J Obes	Full
Jakobsen, MU (2011)	Plasma phospholipid long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and body weight change	Obes Facts	Full
Jakobsen, MU (2017)	Dietary intake and adipose tissue content of long-chain n-3 PUFAs and subsequent 5-y change in bo…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Kim, YS (2016)	Intake of fish and long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and incidence of metabolic synd…	Eur J Nutr	Full
Lund, AS (2013)	N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, body fat and inflammation	Obes Facts	Full
Nimptsch, K (2010)	Effect of dietary fatty acid intake on prospective weight change in the Heidelberg cohort of the…	Public Health Nutr	Full
Raatz, SK (2017)	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US adults	Nutrients	Full
Vanhala, M (2012)	Serum omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the metabolic syndrome: a longitudinal population-b…	Am J Epidemiol	Full

Omega-3 Fatty Acids (EPA & DHA) (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
de Luis, DA (2016)	Effect of DHA supplementation in a very low-calorie ketogenic diet in the treatment of obesity: a…	Endocrine	Abs
Hames, KC (2017)	Very-long-chain omega-3 fatty acid supplements and adipose tissue functions: a randomized control…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Harden, CJ (2014)	Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation had no effect on body weight but reduced en…	Nutr Res	Abs
Huerta, AE (2015)	Effects of a-lipoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in overweight and obese women during weight loss	Obesity	Full
Munro & Garg (2013)	Prior supplementation with long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids promotes weight loss in…	Food Funct	Abs
Munro & Garg (2012)	Dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFA does not promote weight loss when combined with a very-low-…	Br J Nutr	Full
Zhang, YY (2017)	Efficacy of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation in managing overweight and obesit…	J Nutr Health Aging	Abs

Orange Juice (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
O’Neil, CE (2012)	100% orange juice consumption is associated with better diet quality, improved nutrient adequacy,…	Nutr J	Full
Wang, Y (2012)	Impact of orange juice consumption on macronutrient and energy intakes and body composition in th…	Public Health Nutr	Full

Orange Juice (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Azzini, E (2017)	Effect of red orange juice consumption on body composition and nutritional status in overweight/o…	Oxid Med Cell Long	Full
Rampersaud, GC (2017)	100% citrus juice: nutritional contribution, dietary benefits, and association with anthropometri…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Rangel-Huerta, OD (2015)	Normal or high polyphenol concentration in orange juice affects antioxidant activity, blood press…	J Nutr	Full
Ribeiro, C (2017)	Orange juice allied to a reduced-calorie diet results in weight loss and ameliorates obesity-rela…	Nutrition	Full

Organic Foods (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kesse-Guyot, E (2017)	Prospective association between consumption frequency of organic food and body weight change, ris…	Br J Nutr	Full

Palmitic Acid (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nimptsch, K (2010)	Effect of dietary fatty acid intake on prospective weight change in the Heidelberg cohort of the…	Public Health Nutr	Full
Raatz, SK (2017)	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US adults	Nutrients	Full

Peanuts (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Alves, RDM (2014)	Regular intake of high-oleic peanuts improves fat oxidation and body composition in overweight/ob…	Obesity	Full
McKiernan, F (2010)	Effects of peanut processing on body weight and fasting plasma lipids	Br J Nutr	Full
Pelkman, CL (2004)	Effects of moderate-fat (from monounsaturated) and low-fat weight-loss diets on the serum lipid p…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Phaseolus vulgaris - Common Bean (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Barrett & Udani (2011)	A proprietary alpha-amylase inhibitor from white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris): a review of clinical…	Nutr J	Full
He, S (2018)	Phaseolus vulgaris lectins: a systematic review of characteristics of health implications	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Manore, MM (2012)	Dietary supplements for improving body composition and reducing body weight: where is the evidence?	Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab	Abs
Onakpoya, I (2011)	The efficacy of Phaseolus vulgaris as a weight-loss supplement: a systematic review and meta-anal…	Br J Nutr	Full
Udani, J (2018)	Systematic review and meta-analysis of a proprietary alpha-amylase inhibitor from white bean (Pha…	Foods	Full
Wang, S (2020)	Regular intake of white kidney beans extract (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) induces weight loss compared…	Food Sci Nutr	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Phosphorus (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Beydoun, MA (2018)	Dairy product consumption and its association with metabolic disturbance in a prospective study o…	Br J Nutr	Full
Beydoun, MA (2008)	Ethnic differences in dairy and related nutrient consumption among US adults and their associatio…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Haap, M (2006)	Association of serum phosphate levels with glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and insulin sec…	Eur J Clin Nutr	Full
Haglin, L (2001)	Hypophophatemia in the metabolic syndrome. Gender differences in body weight and blood glucose	Eur J Clin Nutr	Full
Obeid, OA (2013)	Low phosphorus status might contibute to the onset of obesity	Obes Rev	Abs
Zohal, M (2019)	Association between selected trace elements and body mass index and waist circumference: a cross…	Diab Metab Synd Clin Res Rev	Abs

Phosphorus (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Ayoub, JJ (2015)	Effect of phosphorus supplementation on weight gain and waist circumference of overweight/obese a…	Nutr Diabetes	Full

Pistachios (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Li, Z (2010)	Pistachio nuts reduce triglycerides and body weight by comparison to refined carbohydrate snack i…	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs
Wang, X (2012)	Effects of pistachios on body weight in Chinese subjects with metabolic syndrome	Nutr J	Full
Xia, K (2020)	The relationship between pistachio (Pistacia vera L) intake and adiposity. A systematic review an…	Medicine	Full

Plant Stanol or Sterol Esters (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Athyros, VGKA (2011)	Effect of a plant stanol ester-containing spread, placebo spread, or Mediterranean diet on estima…	Nutr Metab Cardio Dis	Abs
Hallikainen, MA (2000)	Comparison of the effects of plant sterol ester and plant stanol ester-enriched margarines in low…	Eur J Clin Nutr	Full
Lau, V (2005)	Plant sterols are efficacious in lowering plasma LDL and non-HDL cholesterol in hypercholesterole…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Vanstone, CA (2002)	Unesterified plant sterols and stanols lower LDL-cholesterol concentrations equivalently in hyper…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Yoshida, M (2006)	Effect of plant sterols and glucomannan on lipids in individuals with and without type II diabetes	Eur J Clin Nutr	Full

Polyphenols (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Akazome, Y (2010)	Evaluation of safety of excessive intake and efficacy of long-term intake of beverages containing…	J Oleo Sci	Abs
Barth, SW (2012)	Moderate effects of apple juice consumption on obesity-related markers in obese men: impact of di…	Eur J Nutr	Abs
Basu, A (2010)	Green tea supplementation affects body weight, lipids, and lipid peroxidation in obese subjects w…	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs
Bell, ZW (2011)	A dual investigation of the effect of dietary supplementation with licorice flavonoid oil on anth…	Lipids Health Disease	Full
Brown, AL (2011)	Health effects of green tea catechins in overweight and obese men: a randomised controlled cross-…	Br J Nutr	Full
Chang, HC (2014)	Hibiscus sabdariffa extract inhibits obesity and fat accumulation, and improves liver steatosis i…	Food Funct	Abs
Dallas, C (2014)	Clinical study to assess the efficacy and safety of a citrus polyphenolic extract of red orange,…	Phytother Res	Abs
Farhat, G (2017)	Polyphenols and their role in obesity management: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials	Phytother Res	Abs
Hollis, JH (2009)	Effects of concord grape juice on appetite, diet, body weight, lipid profile, and antioxidant sta…	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs
Hsu, C-H (2008)	Effect of green tea extract on obese women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinic…	Clin Nutr	Abs
Llaha & Zamora-Ros (2020)	The effects of polyphenol supplementation in addition to calorie restricted diets and/or physical…	Front Nutr	Full
Nagao, T (2005)	Ingestion of a tea rich in catechins leads to a reduction in body fat and malondialdehyde-modifie…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Nagao, T (2007)	A green tea extract high in catechins reduces body fat and cardiovascular risks in humans	Obesity	Full
Pfeuffer, M (2013)	Effect of quercetin on traits of the metabolic sydrome, endothelial function and inflammation in…	Nutr Metab Cardio Disease	Abs
Poulsen, MM (2013)	High-dose resveratrol supplementation in obese men. An investigator-inititated, randomized, place…	Diabetes	Full
Rangel-Huerta, OD (2015)	Normal or high polyphenol concentration in orange juice affects antioxidant activity, blood press…	J Nutr	Full
Shin, HC (2012)	Effects of 12-week oral supplementation of Ecklonia cava polyphenols on anthropometric and blood…	Phytother Res	Abs
Suliburska, J (2012)	Effects of green tea supplementation on elements, total antioxidants, lipids, and glucose values…	Biol Trace Elem Res	Full
Tominaga, Y (2006)	Licorice flavonoid oil effects body weight loss by reduction of body fat mass in overweight subjects	J Health Sci	Abs
Tominaga, Y (2009)	Licorice flavonoid oil reduces total body fat and visceral fat in overweight subjects: a randomiz…	Obes Res Clin Pract	Abs
Wang, H (2010)	Effects of catechin enriched green tea on body composition	Obesity	Full

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Field, AE (2007)	Dietary fat and weight gain among women in the nurses’ health study	Obesity	Full
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Hastert, TA (2018)	Association of plasma phospholipid polyunsaturated and trans faty acids with body mass index: res…	Int J Obes	Full
Jakobsen, MU (2011)	Plasma phospholipid long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and body weight change	Obes Facts	Full
Jakobsen, MU (2017)	Dietary intake and adipose tissue content of long-chain n-3 PUFAs and subsequent 5-y change in bo…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Koh-Banerjee, P (2003)	Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physical activity, alcohol con…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Liu, X (2018)	Changes in types of dietary fats influence long-term weight change in US women and men	J Nutr	Full
Lund, AS (2013)	N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, body fat and inflammation	Obes Facts	Full
Vanhala, M (2012)	Serum omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the metabolic syndrome: a longitudinal population-b…	Am J Epidemiol	Full

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bjermo, H (2012)	Effects of n-6 PUFAs compared with SFAs on liver fat, lipoproteins, and inflammation in abdominal…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Hames, KC (2017)	Very-long-chain omega-3 fatty acid supplements and adipose tissue functions: a randomized control…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Harden, CJ (2014)	Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation had no effect on body weight but reduced en…	Nutr Res	Abs
Summers, LKM (2002)	Substituting dietary saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat changes abdominal fat distribution an…	Diabetologia	Full

Pork (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Murphy, KJ (2014)	A comparison of regular consumption of fresh lean pork, beef and chicken on body composition: a r…	Nutrients	Full

Potato Chips (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Mozaffarian, D (2011)	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM	Full

Probiotics (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Borgeraas, H (2018)	Effects of probiotics on body weight, body mass index, fat mass and fat percentage in subjects wi…	Obes Rev	Full
Jung, SP (2013)	Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 on overweight and obese adults: a randomized, double-blind…	Korean J Fam Med	Full
Kadooka, Y (2013)	Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 in fermented milk on abdominal adiposity in adults in a r…	Br J Nutr	Full
Madjd, A (2016)	Comparison of the effect of daily consumption of probiotic compared with low-fat conventional yog…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Park & Bae (2015)	Probiotics for weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis	Nutr Res	Abs
Sanchez, M (2017)	Effects of a diet-based weight-reducing program with probiotic supplementation on satiety efficie…	Nutrients	Full
Shabani, Z (2018)	The effects of a novel combination of selenium and probiotic on weight loss, glycemic control and…	J Funct Foods	Abs
Sharafedtinov, KK (2013)	Hypocaloric diet supplemented with probiotic cheese improves body mass index and blood pressure i…	Nutr J	Full

Processed Meats (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Mozaffarian, D (2011)	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM	Full
Rouhani, MH (2014)	Is there a relationship between red or processed meat intake and obesity? A systematic review and…	Obes Rev	Abs
Schlesinger, S (2019)	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-respon…	Adv Nutr	Full
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full
Schwingshackl, L (2017)	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Psyllium (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Abutair, AS (2016)	Soluble fibers from psyllium improve glycemic response and body weight among diabetes type 2 pati…	Nutr J	Full
Mofrad, MD (2019)	The effects of psyllium supplementation on body weight, body mass index and waist circumference i…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Pal, S (2010)	The effect of a fibre supplement compared to a healthy diet on body composition, lipids, glucose,…	Br J Nutr	Full
Rodriquez-Moran, M (1998)	Lipid- and glucose-lowering efficacy of Plantago Psyllium in type II diabetes	J Diabetes Complications	Abs
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full
Xiao, Z (2020)	The effect of psyllium consumption on body weight, body mass index, lipid profile, and glucose me…	Phytother Res	Abs

Pyruvate (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kalman, D (1998)	Effect of pyruvate supplementation on body composition and mood	Curr Ther Res	Abs
Kalman, D (1999)	The effects of pyruvate supplementation on body composition in overweight individuals	Nutrition	Abs
Onakpoya, I (2014)	Pyruvate supplementation for weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized cli…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Stanko, RT (1992)	Body composition, energy utilization, and nitrogen metabolism with a 4.25 - MJ/d low-energy diet…	Am J Clin Nutr	Abs
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

Quercetin (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Huang, H (2019)	Clinical effectiveness of quercetin supplementation in the management of weight loss: a pooled an…	Diabetol Metab Syndr	Full
Pfeuffer, M (2013)	Effect of quercetin on traits of the metabolic sydrome, endothelial function and inflammation in…	Nutr Metab Cardio Disease	Abs

Ready to Eat Cereal (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Albertson, AM (2012)	Ready-to-eat cereal consumption patterns: The relationship to nutrient intake, whole grain intake…	J Aging Res	Full
Bazzano, LA (2005)	Dietary intake of whole and refined grain breakfast cereals and weight gain in men	Obes Res	Full
Deshmukh-Taskar, P (2012)	The relationship of breakfast skpping and type of breakfast consumed with overweight/obesity, abd…	Public Health Nutr	Abs
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
McKeown, NM (2009)	Whole-grain intake and cereal fiber are associated with lower abdominal adiposity in older adults	J Nutr	Full
Quatela, A (2017)	Breakfast cereal consumption and obesity risk amongst the mid-age cohort of the Australian Longit…	Healthcare	Full
Song, WO (2005)	Is consumption of breakfast associated with body mass index in US adults?	J Am Diet Assoc	Abs

Ready to Eat Cereal (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kuriyan, R (2017)	Portion controlled ready-to-eat meal replacement is associated with short term weight loss: a ran…	Asia Pac J Clin Nutr	Abs
Mattes, RD (2002)	Ready-to-eat cereal used as a meal replacement promotes weight loss in humans	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs
Vander Wal, JS (2007)	Ready-to-eat cereal products as meal replacements for weight loss	Int J Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Waller, SM (2004)	Evening ready-to-eat cereal consumption contributes to weight management	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs

Red Meat (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2006)	Predictors of weight gain in a Mediterranean cohort: the Sequimiento Universidad de Navarra Study	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Mozaffarian, D (2011)	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM	Full
Rouhani, MH (2014)	Is there a relationship between red or processed meat intake and obesity? A systematic review and…	Obes Rev	Abs
Schlesinger, S (2019)	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-respon…	Adv Nutr	Full
Schwingshackl, L (2017)	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Wang, Z (2014)	Fatty and lean red meat consumption in China: differential association with Chinese abdominal obe…	Nutr Metab Cardiovas Dis	Full

Red Meat (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
McMillan-Price, J (2006)	Comparison of 4 diets of varying glycemic load on weight loss and cardiovascular risk reduction i…	Arch Intern Med	Full
Melanson, K (2003)	Weight loss and total lipid profile changes in overweight women consuming beef or chicken as the…	Nutrition	Abs
Murphy, KJ (2014)	A comparison of regular consumption of fresh lean pork, beef and chicken on body composition: a r…	Nutrients	Full
O’Connor, LE (2018)	A Mediterranean-style eating pattern with lean, unprocessed red meat has cardiometabolic benefits…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Starr, KNP (2019)	Impact on cardiometabolic risk of a weight loss intervention with higher protein from lean red me…	J Clin Lipidology	Full
Yamashita, T (1998)	Arterial compliance, blood pressure, plasma leptin, and plasma lipids in women are improved with…	Metabolism	Abs

Red Meat - Fatty (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Babio, N (2012)	Association between red meat consumption and metabolic syndrome in a Mediterranean population at…	Nutr Metab Cardiovas Dis	Abs
Wang, Z (2014)	Fatty and lean red meat consumption in China: differential association with Chinese abdominal obe…	Nutr Metab Cardiovas Dis	Full

Red Meat - Lean (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Wang, Z (2014)	Fatty and lean red meat consumption in China: differential association with Chinese abdominal obe…	Nutr Metab Cardiovas Dis	Full

Red Wine (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Addolorato, G (2008)	Effects of short-term moderate alcohol administration on oxidative stress and nutritional status…	Appetite	Abs
Beulens, JW (2006)	The effect of moderate alcohol consumption on fat distribution and adipocytokines	Obesity	Full
Cordain, L (1997)	Influence of moderate daily wine consumption on body weight regulation and metabolism in healthy…	J Am Coll Nutr	Abs
Cordain, L (2000)	Influence of moderate chronic wine consumption on insulin sensitivity and other correlates of syn…	Metabolism	Abs
Golan, R (2017)	Effects of initiating moderate wine intake on abdominal adipose tissue in adults with type 2 diab…	Public Health Nutr	Full

Reduced Fat Products (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nolan-Clark, D (2013)	Dietary consequences of recommending reduced-fat dairy products in the weight-loss context: A sec…	J Acad Nutr Diet	Abs
Raziani, F (2016)	High intake of regular-fat cheese compared with reduced-fat cheese does not affect LDL cholestero…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Verboeket-van de Venne, W (1996)	Long-term effects of consumption of full-fat or reduced-fat products in healthy non-obese volunte…	Metabolism	Abs
Westerterp-Plantenga, MS (1998)	Energy intake and body weight effects of six months reduced or full fat diets, as a function of d…	Int J Obes	Full

Refined Grains (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bazzano, LA (2005)	Dietary intake of whole and refined grain breakfast cereals and weight gain in men	Obes Res	Full
Kristensen, M (2012)	Whole grain compared with refined wheat decreases the percentage of body fat following a 12-week,…	J Nutr	Full
Liu, SM (2003)	Relation between changes in intakes of dietary fiber and grain products and changes in weight and…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
McKeown, NM (2010)	Whole- and refined-grain intakes are differentially associated with abdominal visceral and subcut…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Schlesinger, S (2019)	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-respon…	Adv Nutr	Full
Schwingshackl, L (2017)	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Refined Grains (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Harris Jackson, K (2014)	Effects of whole and refined grains in a weight-loss diet on markers of metabolic syndrome in ind…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Kirwan, JP (2016)	A whole-grain diet reduces cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese adults: a randomiz…	J Nutr	Full
Kopf, JC (2018)	Role of whole grains versus fruits and vegetables in reducing subclinical inflammation and promot…	Nutr J	Full
Marshall, S (2020)	The effect of replacing refined grains with whole grains on cardiovascular risk factors: a system…	J Acad Nutr Diet	Abs
Roager, HM (2019)	Whole grain-rich diet reduces body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation without inducing ma…	Gut	Full

Resveratrol (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Poulsen, MM (2013)	High-dose resveratrol supplementation in obese men. An investigator-inititated, randomized, place…	Diabetes	Full
Tabrizi, R (2020)	The effects of resveratrol intake on weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis of random…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Timmers, S (2011)	Calorie restriction-like effects of 30 days of resveratrol supplementation on energy metabolism a…	Cell Metab	Full
Yoshino, J (2012)	Resveratrol supplementation does not improve metabolic function in nonobese women with normal glu…	Cell Metab	Full

Salty Snacks (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Mozaffarian, D (2011)	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM	Full
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full

Saturated Fat (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2008)	Prospective study of dietary energy density and weight gain in women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Field, AE (2007)	Dietary fat and weight gain among women in the nurses’ health study	Obesity	Full
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Koh-Banerjee, P (2003)	Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physical activity, alcohol con…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Liu, X (2018)	Changes in types of dietary fats influence long-term weight change in US women and men	J Nutr	Full
Ludwig, DS (1999)	Dietary fiber, weight gain, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in young adults	JAMA	Full
Raatz, SK (2017)	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US adults	Nutrients	Full
Romieu, I (1988)	Energy intake and other determinants of relative weight	Am J Clin Nutr	Abs

Saturated Fat (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bjermo, H (2012)	Effects of n-6 PUFAs compared with SFAs on liver fat, lipoproteins, and inflammation in abdominal…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
de la Puebla, RAF (2003)	A reduction in dietary saturated fat decreases body fat content in overweight, hypercholesterolem…	Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis	Abs
Piers, LS (2003)	Substitution of saturated with monounsaturated fat in a 4-week diet affects body weight and compo…	Br J Nutr	Full
Summers, LKM (2002)	Substituting dietary saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat changes abdominal fat distribution an…	Diabetologia	Full

Selenium (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Alasfar, F (2011)	Selenium is significantly depleted among morbidly obese female patients seeking bariatric surgery	Obes Surg	Abs
Kimmons, JE (2006)	Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient levels among US adults	Med Gen Med	Full
Sanchez, C (2010)	Plasma levels of copper, manganese and selenium in an adult population in southern Spain: influen…	Sci Total Environ	Abs
Wang, Y (2016)	Significant beneficial association of high dietary selenium intake with reduced body fat in the C…	Nutrients	Full

Selenium (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Cavedon, E (2020)	Selenium supplementation, body mass composition, and leptin levels in patients with obesity on a…	Int J Endocrinol	Full
Navas-Carretero, S (2010)	Frequent consumption of selenium-enriched chicken meat by adults causes weight loss and maintains…	Biol Trace Elem Res	Abs
Shabani, Z (2018)	The effects of a novel combination of selenium and probiotic on weight loss, glycemic control and…	J Funct Foods	Abs

Semivegetarian (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Newby, PK (2005)	Risk of overweight and obesity among semivegetarian, lactovegetarian, and vegan women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Skim Milk (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bergholdt, HKM (2015)	Milk intake is not associated with low risk of diabetes or overweight-obesity: a Mendelian random…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Rosell, M (2006)	Association between dairy food consumption and weight change over 9 y in 19,352 perimenopausal women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Skim Milk (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lukaszuk, JM (2007)	Preliminary study: soy milk as effective as skim milk in promoting weight loss	J Am Diet Assoc	Abs

Soups (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kuroda & Ninomiya (2020)	Association between soup consumption and obesity: a systematic review with meta-analysis	Physiol Behav	Abs
Kuroda, M (2011)	Frequency of soup intake is inversely associated with body mass index, waist circumference, and w…	J Am Diet Assoc	Abs
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full
Zhu & Hollis (2013)	Soup consumption is associated with a reduced risk of overweight and obesity but not metabolic sy…	PLOS ONE	Full

Soups (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Foreyt, JP (1986)	Soup consumption as a behavioral weight loss strategy	J Am Diet Assoc	Abs
Rolls, BJ (2005)	Provision of foods differing in energy density affects long-term weight loss	Obes Res	Full

Soy (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Anderson, JW (2007)	Soy compared to casein meal replacement shakes with energy-restricted diets for obese women: rand…	Metabolism	Abs
Kjolbaek, L (2017)	Protein supplements after weight loss do not improve weight maintenance compared with recommended…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Konig, D (2008)	Effect of meal replacements on metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese subjects	Ann Nutr Metab	Abs
Kwak, JH (2012)	Weight reduction effecs of a black soy peptide supplement in overweight and obese subjects: Doubl…	Food Func	Abs
Mu, Y (2019)	Soy products ameliorate obesity-related anthropometric indicators in overweight or obese asian an…	Nutrients	Full
Yamashita, T (1998)	Arterial compliance, blood pressure, plasma leptin, and plasma lipids in women are improved with…	Metabolism	Abs

Soy Bean Oil (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Candido, FG (2018)	Consumption of extra virgin olive oil improves body composition and blood pressure in women with…	Eur J Nutr	Abs

Soy Milk (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Faghih, S (2011)	Comparison of the effects of cows’ milk, fortified soy milk, and calcium supplement on weight and…	Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis	Abs
Lukaszuk, JM (2007)	Preliminary study: soy milk as effective as skim milk in promoting weight loss	J Am Diet Assoc	Abs

Spirits Liquor (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lukasiewicz, E (2004)	Alcohol intake in relation to body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio: the importance of type of a…	Public Health Nutr	Full
Sayon-Orea, C (2011)	Alcohol consumption and body weight: a systematic review	Nutr Rev	Full

Spirits Liquor (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Addolorato, G (2008)	Effects of short-term moderate alcohol administration on oxidative stress and nutritional status…	Appetite	Abs

Spirulina (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Hernandez-Lepe, MA (2018)	Effect of Arthrospira (Spirulina) maxima supplementation and a systematic physical exercise progr…	Mar Drugs	Full
Moradi, S (2019)	Effects of Spirulina supplementation on obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomi…	Complement Ther Med	Abs
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full
Zeinalian, R (2017)	The effects of Spirulina Platensis on anthropometric indices, appetite, lipid profile and serum v…	BMC Complement Alt Med	Full

Stearic Acid (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Nimptsch, K (2010)	Effect of dietary fatty acid intake on prospective weight change in the Heidelberg cohort of the…	Public Health Nutr	Full
Raatz, SK (2017)	Relationship of the reported intakes of fat and fatty acids to body weight in US adults	Nutrients	Full

Sucrose (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bray & Popkin (2014)	Dietary sugar and body weight: Have we reached a crisis in the epidemic of obesity and diabetes?…	Diabetes Care	Full
Kahn & Sievenpiper (2014)	Dietary sugar and body weight: Have we reached a crisis in the epidemic of obesity and diabetes?…	Diabetes Care	Full
Te Morenga, L (2012)	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled tria…	Br Med J	Full

Sucrose (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Aeberli, I (2011)	Low to moderate sugar-sweetened beverage consumption impairs glucose and lipid metabolism and pro…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Calbet, J (2014)	A time-efficient reduction of fat mass in 4 days with exercise and caloric restriction	Scan J Med Sci Sports	Abs
Lewis, AS (2013)	Comparison of 5% versus 15% sucrose intakes as part of a eucaloric diet in overweight and obese s…	Metab Clin Exp	Abs
Lowndes, J (2012)	The effects of four hypocaloric diets containing different levels of sucrose or high fructose cor…	Nutr J	Full
Lowndes, J (2014)	The effects of fructose-containing sugars on weight, body composition and cardiometabolic risk fa…	Nutrients	Full
Maersk, M (2012)	Sucrose-sweetened beverages increase fat storage in the liever, muscle, and visceral fat depot: a…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
McDevitt, RM (2000)	Macronutrient disposal during controlled overfeeding with glucose, fructose, sucrose, or fat in l…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Raben, A (2011)	Increased postprandial glycaemia, insulinemia, and lipidemia after 10 weeks’ sucrose-rich diet co…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Te Morenga, L (2012)	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled tria…	Br Med J	Full
Yaghoobi, N (2008)	Natural honey and cardiovascular risk factors; Effects on blood glucose, cholesterol, triacylglyc…	Sci World J	Full

Sugar Sweetened Beverage (SSB) Consumption (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Barnes, TL (2015)	Snacking behaviors, diety quality, and BMI in a community sample of working adults	J Acad Nutr Diet	Abs
Barrio-Lopez, MT (2013)	Prospective study of changes in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and the incidence of the met…	Br J Nutr	Full
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2006)	Predictors of weight gain in a Mediterranean cohort: the Sequimiento Universidad de Navarra Study	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Boggs, DA (2013)	Restaurant foods, sugar-sweetened soft drinks, and obesity risk among young African American women	Ethn Dis	Full
Dhingra, R (2007)	Soft drink consumption and risk of developing cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic synd…	Circulation	Full
Duffey, KJ (2010)	Drinking caloric beverages increases the risk of adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in the Coronary…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Emond, JA (2013)	Using doubly labeled water to validate associations between sugar-sweetened beverage intake and b…	Int J Obes	Full
Ferreira-Pego, C (2016)	Frequent consumption of sugar- and artificially sweetened beverages and natural and bottled fruit…	J Nutr	Full
Funtikova, AN (2015)	Soft drink consumption is positively associated with increased waist circumference and 10-year in…	J Nutr	Full
Hu, FB (2013)	Resolved: there is sufficient scientific evidence that decreasing sugar-sweetened beverage consum…	Obes Rev	Full
Kaiser, KA (2013)	Will reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption reduce obesity? Evidence supporting conjecture…	Obes Rev	Full
Kang & Kim (2017)	Soft drink consumption is associated with increased incidence of the metabolic syndrome in only i…	Br J Nutr	Full
Kvaavik, E (2005)	The stability of soft drinks intake from adolescence to adult age and the association between lon…	Public Health Nutr	Full
Malik, VS (2013)	Sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gainn in children and adults: a systematic review and meta-a…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Mozaffarian, D (2011)	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM	Full
Pan, A (2013)	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from three prospective…	Int J Obes	Full
Ruanpend, D (2017)	Sugar and artificially sweetened beverages linked to obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis	QJM	Full
Schlesinger, S (2019)	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-respon…	Adv Nutr	Full
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full
Schwingshackl, L (2017)	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Te Morenga, L (2012)	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled tria…	Br Med J	Full

Sugar Sweetened Beverage (SSB) Consumption (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kaiser, KA (2013)	Will reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption reduce obesity? Evidence supporting conjecture…	Obes Rev	Full
Maersk, M (2012)	Sucrose-sweetened beverages increase fat storage in the liver, muscle, and visceral fat depot: a…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Malik, VS (2006)	Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: a systematic review	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Malik, VS (2013)	Sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gainn in children and adults: a systematic review and meta-a…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Mattes, RD (2011)	Nutritively sweetened beverage consumption and body weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis…	Obes Rev	Abs
Tate, DF (2012)	Replacing caloric beverages with water or diet beverages for weight loss in adults: main results…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Te Morenga, L (2012)	Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled tria…	Br Med J	Full

Sunflower Oil Supplementation (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bjermo, H (2012)	Effects of n-6 PUFAs compared with SFAs on liver fat, lipoproteins, and inflammation in abdominal…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Ramel, A (2010)	Moderate consumption of fatty fish reduces diastolic blood pressure in overweight and obese Europ…	Nutrition	Abs
Thorsdottir, I (2007)	Randomized trial of weight-loss-diets for young adults varying in fish and fish oil content	Int J Obes	Full

Thylakoid Supplementation (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Montelius, C (2014)	Body weight loss, reduced urge for palatable food and increased release of GLP-1 through daily su…	Appetite	Full
Stenblom, E-L (2014)	Decreased urge for palatable food after a two-month dietary intervention with green-plant membran…	J Obes Weight Loss Ther	Full
Tabrizi, FPF (2020)	The effects of spinach-derived thylakoid supplementation in combination with calorie restriction…	Nutr J	Full

Trans Fatty Acids (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2008)	Prospective study of dietary energy density and weight gain in women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Field, AE (2007)	Dietary fat and weight gain among women in the nurses’ health study	Obesity	Full
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Hastert, TA (2018)	Association of plasma phospholipid polyunsaturated and trans faty acids with body mass index: res…	Int J Obes	Full
Koh-Banerjee, P (2003)	Prospective study of the association of changes in dietary intake, physical activity, alcohol con…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Liu, X (2018)	Changes in types of dietary fats influence long-term weight change in US women and men	J Nutr	Full
Thompson, AK (2011)	Trans fatty acids and weight gain	Int J Obes	Full

Trans Fatty Acids (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
DeLany, JP (2000)	Differential oxidation of individual dietary fatty acids in humans	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Flint, A (2003)	Effects of different dietary faty types on postprandial appetite and energy expenditure	Obes Res	Full
Lefevre, M (2005)	Comparison of the acute response to meals enriched with cis- or trans-fatty acids on glucose and…	Metabolism	Abs
Lovejoy, JC (2002)	Effects of diets enriched in saturated (palmitic), monounsaturated (oleic), or trans (elaidic) fa…	Diabetes Care	Full

Vegan (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Dinu, M (2016)	Vegetarian, vegan diets and multiple health outcomes: a systematic review with meta-analysis of o…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Newby, PK (2005)	Risk of overweight and obesity among semivegetarian, lactovegetarian, and vegan women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Rosell, M (2006)	Weight gain over 5 years in 21,966 meat-eating, fish-eating, vegetarian, and vegan men and women…	Int J Obes	Full
Spencer, EA (2003)	Diet and body mass index in 38,000 EPIC-Oxford meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans	Int J Obes	Full

Vegetable Juice (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Shenoy, SF (2010)	Weight loss in individuals with metabolic syndrome given DASH diet counseling when provided a low…	Nutr J	Full

Vegetable Protein (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2008)	Prospective study of dietary energy density and weight gain in women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Vegetables (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Barnes, TL (2015)	Snacking behaviors, diety quality, and BMI in a community sample of working adults	J Acad Nutr Diet	Full
Bes-Rastrollo, M (2008)	Prospective study of dietary energy density and weight gain in women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Kahn, HS (1997)	Stable behaviors associated with adults’ 10-year change in body mass index and likelihood of gain…	Am J Public Health	Full
Mozaffarian, D (2011)	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM	Full
Rautiainen, S (2015)	Higher intake of fruit, but not vegetables or fiber, at baseline is associated with lower risk of…	J Nutr	Full
Sawada, K (2015)	Cohort study examing the association between vegetable consumption and weight gain in a single ye…	Asia Pac J Clin Nutr	Abs
Schlesinger, S (2019)	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-respon…	Adv Nutr	Full
Schulz, M (2002)	Food groups as predictors for short-term weight changes in men and women of the EPIC-Potsdam cohort	J Nutr	Full
Schwingshackl, L (2017)	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Vegetarian Diets (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Alewaeters, K (2005)	Cross-sectional analysis of BMI and some lifestyle variables in Flemish vegetarians compared with…	Erognomics	Abs
Alrabadi, NI (2012)	The effect of lifestyle food on chronic diseases: a comparison between vegetarians and non-vegeta…	Glob J Health Sci	Full
Bedford & Barr (2005)	Diets and selected lifestyle practices of self-defined adult vegetarians from a population-based…	Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act	Full
Dinu, M (2016)	Vegetarian, vegan diets and multiple health outcomes: a systematic review with meta-analysis of o…	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs
Jaceldo-Siegl, K (2019)	Plant-based diets in Hispanic/Latino Adult Adventists in the United States and their association…	Am J Health Promot	Abs
Newby, PK (2005)	Risk of overweight and obesity among semivegetarian, lactovegetarian, and vegan women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Orlich & Fraser (2014)	Vegetarian diets in the Adventist Health Study 2: a review of initial published findings	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Rosell, M (2006)	Weight gain over 5 years in 21,966 meat-eating, fish-eating, vegetarian, and vegan men and women…	Int J Obes	Full
Spencer, EA (2003)	Diet and body mass index in 38000 EPIC-Oxford meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans	Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord	Full

Vinegar (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Khezri, SS (2018)	Beneficial effects of apple cider vinegar on weight management, visceral adiposity index and lipi…	J Funct Foods	Abs
Kondo, T (2009)	Vinegar intake reduces body weight, body fat mass, and serum triglyceride levels in obese Japanes…	Biosci Biotechnol Biochem	Full
Launholt, TL (2020)	Safety and side effects of apple vinegar intake and its effect on metabolic parameters and body w…	Eur J Nutr	Abs

Vitamin A (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Aasheim, ET (2008)	Vitamin status in morbidly obese patients: a cross-sectional study	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Chai, W (2010)	Associations between obesity and serum lipid soluble micronutrients among premenopausal women	Nutr Res	Full
Garcia, OP (2009)	Impact of micronutrient deficiencies on obesity	Nutr Rev	Full
Garcia, OP (2012)	Zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin C status are associated with leptin concentrations and obesity in Me…	Nutr Metab	Full
Kabat, GC (2016)	Longitudinal association of measures of adiposity wit serum antioxidant concentrations in postmen…	Eur J Clin Nutr	Full

Vitamin C (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Aasheim, ET (2008)	Vitamin status in morbidly obese patients: a cross-sectional study	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Canoy, D (2005)	Plasma ascorbic acid concentrations and fat distribution in 19068 British men and women in the Eu…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Garcia, OP (2012)	Zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin C status are associated with leptin concentrations and obesity in Me…	Nutr Metab	Full
Johnston, CS (2007)	Plasma vitamin C is inversely related to body mass index and waist circumference but not to plasm…	J Nutr	Full
Kimmons, JE (2006)	Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient levels among US adults	Med Gen Med	Full
Thomas-Valdes, S (2017)	Association between vitamin deficiency and metabolic disorders related to obesity	Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr	Abs

Vitamin C (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Farag, HAM (2018)	Comparative effects of vitamin D and vitamin C supplementations with and without endurance physic…	Diabetol Metab Syndr	Full
Farag, HAM (2019)	Effects of vitamin C supplementation with and without endurance physical activity on components o…	Clin Nutr Exp	Full
Naylor, GJ (1985)	A double flind placebo controlled trial of ascrobic acid in obesity	Nutr Health	Abs

Vitamin D (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Aasheim, ET (2008)	Vitamin status in morbidly obese patients: a cross-sectional study	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Buffington, C (1993)	Vitamin D deficiency in the morbidly obese	Obes Surg	Abs
Garcia, OP (2009)	Impact of micronutrient deficiencies on obesity	Nutr Rev	Full
Kimmons, JE (2006)	Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient levels among US adults	Med Gen Med	Full
Parikh, SJ (2004)	The relationship between obesity and serum 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D concentrations in healthy adults	JCEM	Full
Snijder, MB (2005)	Adiposity in relation to vitamin D status and parathyroid hormone levels: a population-based stud…	JCEM	Full

Vitamin D (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bassatne, A (2019)	Vitamin D supplementation in obesity and during weight loss: a review of randomized controlled tr…	Metab Clin Exp	Abs
Farag, HAM (2018)	Comparative effects of vitamin D and vitamin C supplementations with and without endurance physic…	Diabetol Metab Syndr	Full
Mallard, SR (2016)	Vitamin D status and weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and nonrand…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Mora, N (2013)	25-hydroxyvitamin D supplementation and BMI change: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials	J Obes Weight Loss Ther	Full
Salehpour, A (2012)	A 12-week double-blind randomized clinical trial of vitamin D3 supplementation on body fat mass i…	Nutr J	Full
Wamberg, L (2013)	Effects of vitamin D supplementation on body fat accumulation, inflammation, and metabolic risk f…	Eur J Intern Med	Abs
Zhu, W (2013)	Calcium plus vitamin D3 supplementation facillitated fat loss in overweight and obese college stu…	Nutr J	Full
Zittermann, A (2009)	Vitamin D supplementation enhances the beneficial effects of weight loss on cardiovascular diseas…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Vitamin E (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Aasheim, ET (2008)	Vitamin status in morbidly obese patients: a cross-sectional study	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Chai, W (2010)	Associations between obesity and serum lipid soluble micronutrients among premenopausal women	Nutr Res	Full
Garcia, OP (2012)	Zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin C status are associated with leptin concentrations and obesity in Me…	Nutr Metab	Full
Kabat, GC (2016)	Longitudinal association of measures of adiposity wit serum antioxidant concentrations in postmen…	Eur J Clin Nutr	Full
Kimmons, JE (2006)	Associations between body mass index and the prevalence of low micronutrient levels among US adults	Med Gen Med	Full
Reitman, A (2002)	Low plasma antioxidant and normal plasma B vitamins and homocysteine in patients with severe obesity	IMAJ	Full
Wallstrom, P (2001)	Serum concentrations of B-carotene and a-tocopherol are associated with diet, smoking, and genera…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Waniek, S (2017)	Association of vitamin E levels with metabolic syndrome, and MRI-derived body fat volumes and liv…	Nutrients	Full

Vitamin E (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bugianesi, E (2005)	A randomized controlled trial of metformin versus vitamin E or prescriptive diet in nonalcoholic…	Am J Gastroenterol	Abs
Emami, MR (2021)	Can vitamin E supplementation affect obesity indices? A systematic review and meta-analysis of tw…	Clin Nutr	Abs

Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Li, Y (2010)	Effects of multivitamin and mineral supplementation on adiposity, energy expenditure and lipid pr…	Int J Obes	Full

Water (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Chang, T (2016)	Inadequate hydration, BMI, and obesity among US adults: NHANES 2009-2012	Ann Fam Med	Full
Kaiser, KA (2013)	Will reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption reduce obesity? Evidence supporting conjecture…	Obes Rev	Full
Muckelbauer, R (2013)	Association between water consumption and body weight outcomes: a systematic review	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Pan, A (2013)	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from three prospective…	Int J Obes	Full

Water (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Dennis, EA (2010)	Water consumption increases weight loss during a hypocaloric diet intervention in middle-aged and…	Obesity	Full
Golan, R (2017)	Effects of initiating moderate wine intake on abdominal adipose tissue in adults with type 2 diab…	Public Health Nutr	Full
Madjd, A (2018)	Effects of replacing diet beverages with water on weight loss and weight maintenance: 18-month fo…	Int J Obes	Abs
Madjd, A (2015)	Effects on weight loss in adults of replacing diet beverages with water during a hypoenergetic di…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Maersk, M (2012)	Sucrose-sweetened beverages increase fat storage in the liver, muscle, and visceral fat depot: a…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Muckelbauer, R (2013)	Association between water consumption and body weight outcomes: a systematic review	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Parretti, HM (2015)	Efficacy of water preloading before main meals as a strategy for weight loss in primary care pati…	Obesity	Full
Peters, JC (2014)	The effects of water and non-nutritive sweetened beverages on weight loss during a 12-week weight…	Obesity	Full
Silver, HJ (2011)	Effects of grapefruit, grapefruit juice and water preloads on energy balance, weight loss, body c…	Nutr Metab	Full
Stookey, JD (2008)	Drinking water is associated with weight loss in overweight dieting women independent of diet and…	Obesity	Full
Tate, DF (2012)	Replacing caloric beverages with water or diet beverages for weight loss in adults: main results…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Whey Protein (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Adechian, S (2012)	Protein feeding pattern, casein feeding, or milk-soluble protein feeding did not change the evolu…	AJP Endo Metab	Full
Aldrich, ND (2011)	Varying protein source and quantity do not significantly improve weight loss, fat loss, or satiet…	Nur Res	Full
Bergia III, RE (2018)	Effect of whey protein supplementation on body composition changes in women: a systematic review…	Nutr Rev	Full
Calbet, J (2014)	A time-efficient reduction of fat mass in 4 days with exercise and caloric restriction	Scan J Med Sci Sports	Abs
Frestedt, JL (2008)	A whey-protein supplement increases fat loss and spares lean muscle in obese subjects: a randomiz…	Nutr Metab	Full
Kjolbaek, L (2017)	Protein supplements after weight loss do not improve weight maintenance compared with recommended…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Mojtahedi, MC (2011)	The effects of a higer protein intake during energy restriction on changes in body composition an…	J Gerontol Med Sci	Full
Soenen, S (2011)	Efficacy of a-Lactalbumin and milk protein on weight loss and body compositon during energy restr…	Obes Res	Full
Watanabe, M (2020)	Current evidence to propose different food supplements for weight loss: a comprehensive review	Nutrients	Full

White Bread (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bautista-Castano, I (2013)	Changes in bread consumption and 4-year changes in adiposity in Spanish subjects at high cardiova…	Br J Nutr	Full
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Fuente-Arrillaga, C (2014)	Glycemic load, glycemic index, bread and incidence of overweight/obesity in a Mediterranean cohor…	BMC Public Health	Full
Serra-Majem & Bautista-Castano (2015)	Relationship between bread and obesity	Br J Nutr	Full

White Potatoes (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Aljuraiban, GS (2020)	Potato consumption, by preparation method and meal quality, with blood pressure and body mass ind…	Clin Nutr	Abs
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Mozaffarian, D (2011)	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM	Full

White Rice (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bahadoran, Z (2014)	White rice consumption is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in Tehrani adults: a prospective a…	Arch Iran Med	Full
Saneei, P (2016)	Rice consumption, incidence of chronic diseases and risk of mortality: meta-analysis of cohort st…	Public Health Nutr	Full
Sun, Q (2010)	White rice, brown rice, and risk of type 2 diabetes in US men and women	Arch Intern Med	Full

White Rice (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Kim, JY (2008)	Meal replacement with mixed rice is more effective than white rice in weight control, while impro…	Nutr Res	Abs
Malik, VS (2019)	Substituting brown rice for white rice on diabetes risk factors in India: a randomised controlled…	Br J Nutr	Full
Zhang, G (2011)	Substituting white rice with brown rice for 16 weeks does not substantially affect metabolic risk…	J Nutr	Full

White Wine (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Flechtner-Mors, M (2004)	Effects of moderate consumption of white wine on weight loss in overweight and obese subjects	Int J Obes	Full

Whole Fat Dairy (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Babio, N (2015)	Consumption of yogurt, low-fat milk, and other low-fat dairy products is associated with lower ri…	J Nutr	Full
Crichton & Alkerwi (2014)	Whole-fat dairy food intake is inversely associated with obesity prevalence: findings from the Ob…	Nutr Res	Abs
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Holmberg & Thelin (2013)	High dairy fat intake related to less central obesity: a male cohort study with 12 years’ follow-up	Scan J Primary Health Care	Full
Kratz, M (2013)	The relationship between high-fat dairy consumption and obesity, cardiovascular, and metabolic di…	Eur J Nutr	Abs
Rautiainen, S (2016)	Dairy consumption in association with weight change and risk of becoming overweight or obese in m…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Whole Fat Yogurt (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Babio, N (2015)	Consumption of yogurt, low-fat milk, and other low-fat dairy products is associated with lower ri…	J Nutr	Full
Sayon-Orea, C (2015)	Association between yogurt consumption and the risk of metabolic syndrome over 6 years in the SUN…	BMC Public Health	Full

Whole Grains (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Albertson, AM (2012)	Ready-to-eat cereal consumption patterns: The relationship to nutrient intake, whole grain intake…	J Aging Res	Full
Bautista-Castano, I (2013)	Changes in bread consumption and 4-year changes in adiposity in Spanish subjects at high cardiova…	Br J Nutr	Full
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Liu, SM (2003)	Relation between changes in intakes of dietary fiber and grain products and changes in weight and…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Ma, J (2012)	Plasma alklresorcinols, biomarkers of whole-grain intake are related to lower BMI in older adults	J Nutr	Full
Maki, KC (2019)	The relationship between whole grain intake and body weight: results of meta-analyses of observat…	Nutrients	Full
McKeown, NM (2009)	Whole-grain intake and cereal fiber are associated with lower abdominal adiposity in older adults	J Nutr	Full
McKeown, NM (2010)	Whole- and refined-grain intakes are differentially associated with abdominal visceral and subcut…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Mozaffarian, D (2011)	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM	Full
Schlesinger, S (2019)	Food groups and risk of overweight, obesity, and weight gain: a systematic review and dose-respon…	Adv Nutr	Full
Schwingshackl, L (2017)	Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Whole Grains (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Brownlee, IA (2010)	Markers of cardiovascular risk are not changed by increased whole-grain intake: the WHOLEheart st…	Br J Nutr	Full
Harris Jackson, K (2014)	Effects of whole and refined grains in a weight-loss diet on markers of metabolic syndrome in ind…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Katcher, HI (2008)	The effects of a whole grain-enriched hypocaloric diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors in…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Kirwan, JP (2016)	A whole-grain diet reduces cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese adults: a randomiz…	J Nutr	Full
Kopf, JC (2018)	Role of whole grains versus fruits and vegetables in reducing subclinical inflammation and promot…	Nutr J	Full
Kristensen, M (2012)	Whole grain compared with refined wheat decreases the percentage of body fat following a 12-week,…	J Nutr	Full
Maki, KC (2019)	The relationship between whole grain intake and body weight: results of meta-analyses of observat…	Nutrients	Full
Marshall, S (2020)	The effect of replacing refined grains with whole grains on cardiovascular risk factors: a system…	J Acad Nutr Diet	Abs
Pol, K (2013)	Whole grain and body weight changes in apparently healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-an…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Roager, HM (2019)	Whole grain-rich diet reduces body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation without inducing ma…	Gut	Full
Sadeghi, O (2019)	Whole-grain consumption does not affect obesity measures: an updated systematic review and meta-a…	Adv Nutr	Full
Ye, EQ (2012)	Greater whole-grain intake is associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disea…	J Nutr	Full

Whole Milk (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Bergholdt, HKM (2015)	Milk intake is not associated with low risk of diabetes or overweight-obesity: a Mendelian random…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Duffey, KJ (2010)	Drinking caloric beverages increases the risk of adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in the Coronary…	Am J Clin Nutr	Full
Fogelholm, M (2012)	Dietary macronutrients and food consumption as determinants of long-term weight change in adult p…	Food Nutr Res	Full
Funtikova, AN (2015)	Soft drink consumption is positively associated with increased waist circumference and 10-year in…	J Nutr	Full
Pan, A (2013)	Changes in water and beverage intake and long-term weight changes: results from three prospective…	Int J Obes	Full
Rosell, M (2006)	Association between dairy food consumption and weight change over 9 y in 19,352 perimenopausal women	Am J Clin Nutr	Full

Wine (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Lukasiewicz, E (2004)	Alcohol intake in relation to body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio: the importance of type of a…	Public Health Nutr	Full
Sayon-Orea, C (2011)	Alcohol consumption and body weight: a systematic review	Nutr Rev	Full

YGD - Yerbe Mate, Guarana, and Damiana (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Andersen & Fogh (2001)	Weight loss and delayed gastric emptying following a South American herbal preparation in overwei…	J Hum Nutr Dietet	Abs

Yogurt (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Babio, N (2015)	Consumption of yogurt, low-fat milk, and other low-fat dairy products is associated with lower ri…	J Nutr	Full
Beydoun, MA (2018)	Dairy product consumption and its association with metabolic disturbance in a prospective study o…	Br J Nutr	Full
Kim & Kim (2017)	Dairy consumption is associated with a lower incidence of the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged a…	Br J Nutr	Full
Martinez-Gonzalez, MA (2014)	Yogurt consumption, weight change and risk of being overweight/obesity: the SUN cohort study	Nutr Metab Cardiovas Dis	Abs
Mozaffarian, D (2011)	Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men	NEJM	Full
Pereira, MA (2002)	Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults - the CARDIA study	JAMA	Full
Sayon-Orea, C (2017)	Associations between yogurt consumption and weight gain and risk of obesity and metabolic syndrom…	Adv Nutr	Full
Sayon-Orea, C (2015)	Association between yogurt consumption and the risk of metabolic syndrome over 6 years in the SUN…	BMC Public Health	Full

Yohimbine (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Berlin, I (1986)	Lack of efficacy of yohimbine in the treatment of obesity	J Pharmacol	Abs
Kucio, C (1991)	Does yohimbine act as a slimming drug?	Israel J Med Sci	Abs
Sax, L (1991)	Yohimbine does not affect fat distribution in men	Int J Obes	Abs

Zinc (Obs)

Reference	Title	Journal
Alasfar, F (2011)	Selenium is significantly depleted among morbidly obese female patients seeking bariatric surgery	Obes Surg	Abs
Garcia, OP (2012)	Zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin C status are associated with leptin concentrations and obesity in Me…	Nutr Metab	Full
Zohal, M (2019)	Association between selected trace elements and body mass index and waist circumference: a cross…	Diab Metab Synd Clin Res Rev	Abs

Zinc (RCT)

Reference	Title	Journal
Khorsandi, H (2019)	Zinc supplementation improves body weight management, inflammatory biomarkers and insulin resista…	Diabetol Metab Syndr	Full
Payahoo, L (2013)	Effects of zinc supplementation on the anthropometric measurements, lipid profiles and fasting bl…	Adv Pharm Bull	Full