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Alternate Day Fasting
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Tripolt, NJ (2018) | Intermittent fasting (alternate day fasting) in healthy, non-obese adults: protocol for a cohort… | Adv Ther | Full |
| Halberg, N (2005) | Effect of intermittent fasting and refeeding on insulin action in healthy men | J Appl Physiol | Full |
Behavior Modification Intensive Lifestyle Training
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Kent, L (2013) | Long-term effectiveness of the community-based Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) lifesty… | BMJ Open | Full |
| Maffiuletti, NA (2005) | Changes in body composition, physical performance and cardiovascular risk factors after a 3-week… | Eur J Clin Nutr | Full |
Caloric Restriction
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Grande, F (1958) | Changes of basal metabolic rate in man in semistarvation and refeeding | JAP | Abs |
| Kahathuduwa, CN (2018) | Effects of 3-week total meal replacement vs. typical food-based diet on human brain functional ma… | Appetite | Full |
| Leonetti, F (2015) | Very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet before bariatric surgery: prospective evaluation of a sequen… | Obes Surg | Abs |
| Most, J (2017) | Calorie restriciton in humans: an update | Ageing Res Rev | Full |
| Yang & Van Itallie (1976) | Composition of weight lost during short-term weight reduction | JCI | Full |
Enteral Nutrition (Tube Feeding)
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Cappello, G (2012) | Ketogenic enteral nutrition as a treatment for obesity: short-term and long term results from 19,… | Nutr Metab | Full |
| Cappello, G (2012) | Weight loss and body composition changes following three sequential cycles of ketogenic enteral n… | J Med Sci | Full |
| Sukkar, SG (2013) | Feasibility of protein-sparing modified fast by tube (ProMoFasT) in obesity treatment: a phase II… | Mediterr J Nutr Metab | Full |
Fasting Starvation
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Ball, MF (1967) | Comparative effects of calorie restriction and total starvation on body composition in obesity | Ann Intern Med | Abs |
| Benoit, FL (1965) | Changes in body composition during weight reduction in obesity | Ann Int Med | Abs |
| Cahill, GF (2006) | Fuel metabolism in starvation | Ann Nutr Rev | Abs |
| Dandona, P (2001) | Inhibitory effect of a two day fast on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by leukocytes and… | JCEM | Full |
| Dandona, P (2001) | The suppressive effect of dietary restriction and weight loss in the obese on the generation of r… | JCEM | Full |
| Folin & Denis (1915) | On starvation and obesity with special reference to acidosis | JBC | Abs |
| Gilliland, IC (1968) | Total fasting in the treatment of obesity | Postgrad Med J | Full |
| Heymsfield, SB (2011) | Voluntary weight loss: systematic review of early phase body composition changes | Obes Rev | Full |
| Nieman, DC (1987) | Running endurance in 27-h fasted humans | J Appl Physiol | Abs |
| Owen, OE (1998) | Protein, fat, and carbohydrate requirements during starvation: anaplerosis and cataplerosis | Am J Clin Nutr | Full |
| Vendelbo, MH (2012) | Insulin resistance after a 72-h fast is associated with impaired AS160 phosphorylation and accumu… | AJP Endo Metab | Full |
| Wansink, B (2012) | First foods first: After 18-hour fast people drawn to starches first and vegetables last | JAMA Int Med | Full |
| Yang & Van Itallie (1976) | Composition of weight lost during short-term weight reduction | JCI | Full |
Food Provision
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Levitsky & Pacanowski (2011) | Losing weight without dieting. Use of commercial foods as meal replacements for lunch produces an… | Appetite | Abs |
High Carbohydrate
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Agus, MSD (2000) | Dietary composition and physiological adaptations to energy restriction | AJCN | Full |
| Piati, PM (1994) | Hypocaloric high-protein diet improves glucose oxidaiton and spares lean body mass: comparison to… | Metabolism | Abs |
High Fruit and Vegetable
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Shintani, TT (1991) | Obesity and cardiovascular risk intervention through the ad libitum feeding of traditional Hawaii… | Am J Clin Nutr | Abs |
| Shintani, TT (2001) | The Hawaii Diet: ad libitum high carbohydrate, low fat multi-cultural diet for the reduction of c… | Hawaii Med J | Abs |
High Protein
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Agus, MSD (2000) | Dietary composition and physiological adaptations to energy restriction | AJCN | Full |
| Arciero, PJ (2012) | Increased protein intake and meal frequency reduces abdominal fat during energy balance and energ… | Obesity | Full |
| Fletcher, RF (1961) | Reducing diets. Weight loss of obese patients on diets of different composition | Br J Nutr | Full |
| Pasiakos, SM (2013) | Effects of high-protein diets on fat-free mass and muscle protein synthesis following weight loss… | FASEB | Full |
| Piati, PM (1994) | Hypocaloric high-protein diet improves glucose oxidaiton and spares lean body mass: comparison to… | Metabolism | Abs |
| Russell, WR (2011) | High-protein, reduced carbohydrate weight-loss diets promote metabolite profiles likely to be det… | Am J Clin Nutr | Full |
Intermittent Fasting
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Arnason, TG (2017) | Effects of intermittent fasting on health markers in those with type 2 diabetes: a pilot study | World J Diabetes | Full |
| Halberg, N (2005) | Effect of intermittent fasting and refeeding on insulin action in healthy men | J Appl Physiol | Full |
| Soeters, MR (2009) | Intermittent fasting does not affect whole-body glucose, lipid, or protein metabolism | Am J Clin Nutr | Full |
Juice Based
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Henning, SM (2017) | Health benefit of vegetable/fruit juice-based diet: role of microbiome | Sci Rep | Full |
Ketogenic
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Benoit, FL (1965) | Changes in body composition during weight reduction in obesity | Ann Int Med | Abs |
| Cappello, G (2012) | Ketogenic enteral nutrition as a treatment for obesity: short-term and long term results from 19,… | Nutr Metab | Full |
| Johnstone, AM (2008) | Effects of a high-protein ketogenic diet on hunger, appetite, and weight loss in obese men feedin… | Am J Clin Nutr | Full |
| Leonetti, F (2015) | Very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet before bariatric surgery: prospective evaluation of a sequen… | Obes Surg | Abs |
| Ludwig, DS (2020) | The ketogenic diet: evidence for optimism but high-quality research needed | J Nutr | Full |
| O’Neill & Raggi (2020) | The ketogenic diet: pros and cons | Atherosclerosis | Abs |
| Pennington, AW (1953) | Treatment of obesity with calorically UNRESTRICTED DIETS | J Clin Nutr | Abs |
| Yang & Van Itallie (1976) | Composition of weight lost during short-term weight reduction | JCI | Full |
| Yudkin & Carey (1960) | The treatment of obesity by the ‘high-fat’ diet. The inevitability of calories | Lancet | Abs |
Low Carb
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Russell, WR (2011) | High-protein, reduced carbohydrate weight-loss diets promote metabolite profiles likely to be det… | Am J Clin Nutr | Full |
Low Protein
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Agus, MSD (2000) | Dietary composition and physiological adaptations to energy restriction | AJCN | Full |
| Pasiakos, SM (2013) | Effects of high-protein diets on fat-free mass and muscle protein synthesis following weight loss… | FASEB | Full |
Low-Carb High Fat
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Fletcher, RF (1961) | Reducing diets. Weight loss of obese patients on diets of different composition | Br J Nutr | Full |
| Hyde, PN (2019) | Dietary carbohydrate restriction improves metabolic syndrome independent of weight loss | JCI Insight | Full |
| Lewis, SB (1977) | Effect of diet composition on metabolic adaptations to hypocaloric nutrition: comparison of high… | Am J Clin Nutr | Abs |
| Olesen & Quaade (1960) | Fatty foods and obesity | Lancet | Abs |
| Pilkington, TRE (1960) | Diet and weight reduction in obese | Lancet | Abs |
| Rumpler, WV (1991) | Energy intake restriction and diet-composition effects on energy expenditure in men | Am J Clin Nutr | Abs |
| Wang, CL (2013) | Acute effects of different diet compositions on skeletal muscle insulin signaling in obese indivi… | Metab Clin Exp | Full |
| Yudkin & Carey (1960) | The treatment of obesity by the ‘high-fat’ diet. The inevitability of calories | Lancet | Abs |
Low-Fat High Carb
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Anderson, JW (1980) | Hypolipidemic effect of high-carbohydrate, high-fiber diet | Metabolism | Abs |
| de la Puebla, RAF (2003) | A reduction in dietary saturated fat decreases body fat content in overweight, hypercholesterolem… | Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis | Abs |
| Hyde, PN (2019) | Dietary carbohydrate restriction improves metabolic syndrome independent of weight loss | JCI Insight | Full |
| Lewis, SB (1977) | Effect of diet composition on metabolic adaptations to hypocaloric nutrition: comparison of high… | AJCN | Abs |
| Minehira, K (2004) | Effect of carbohydrate overfeeding on whole body macronutrient metabolism and expression of lipog… | Int J Obesity | Full |
| Olesen & Quaade (1960) | Fatty foods and obesity | Lancet | Abs |
| Pilkington, TRE (1960) | Diet and weight reduction in obese | Lancet | Abs |
| Rumpler, WV (1991) | Energy intake restriction and diet-composition effects on energy expenditure in men | AJCN | Abs |
| Wang, CL (2013) | Acute effects of different diet compositions on skeletal muscle insulin signaling in obese indivi… | Metab Clin Exp | Full |
Low-Glycemic
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Agus, MSD (2000) | Dietary composition and physiological adaptations to energy restriction | AJCN | Full |
| Bouche, C (2002) | Five-week, low-glycemic index diet decreases total fat mass and improves plasma lipid profile in… | Diabetes Care | Full |
Meal Frequency
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Arciero, PJ (2012) | Increased protein intake and meal frequency reduces abdominal fat during energy balance and energ… | Obesity | Full |
| Bellisle, F (1997) | Meal frequency and energy balance | Br J Nutr | Full |
Meal Replacement
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Kahathuduwa, CN (2018) | Effects of 3-week total meal replacement vs. typical food-based diet on human brain functional ma… | Appetite | Full |
| Kuriyan, R (2017) | Portion controlled ready-to-eat meal replacement is associated with short term weight loss: a ran… | Asia Pac J Clin Nutr | Abs |
| Levitsky & Pacanowski (2011) | Losing weight without dieting. Use of commercial foods as meal replacements for lunch produces an… | Appetite | Abs |
| Munro & Garg (2011) | Weight loss and metabolic profiles in obese individuals using two different approaches | Food Function | Full |
| Munro & Garg (2013) | Prior supplementation with long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids promotes weight loss in… | Food Funct | Abs |
| Nelson, KM (1992) | Effect of weight reduction on resting energy expenditure, substrate utilization, and the thermic… | AJCN | Abs |
Mediterranean
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| de la Puebla, RAF (2003) | A reduction in dietary saturated fat decreases body fat content in overweight, hypercholesterolem… | Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis | Abs |
Medium Chain Triglycerides (RCT)
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Krotkiewski, M (2001) | Value of VLCD supplementation with medium chain triglycerides | Int J Obes | Full |
Mindfulness Training
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Lillis, J (2009) | Teaching acceptance and mindfulness to improve the lives of the obese: a preliminary test of a th… | Ann Behav Med | Full |
Moderate Carbohydrate
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Hyde, PN (2019) | Dietary carbohydrate restriction improves metabolic syndrome independent of weight loss | JCI Insight | Full |
| Johnstone, AM (2008) | Effects of a high-protein ketogenic diet on hunger, appetite, and weight loss in obese men feedin… | Am J Clin Nutr | Full |
| Russell, WR (2011) | High-protein, reduced carbohydrate weight-loss diets promote metabolite profiles likely to be det… | Am J Clin Nutr | Full |
Moderate Fat
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Hyde, PN (2019) | Dietary carbohydrate restriction improves metabolic syndrome independent of weight loss | JCI Insight | Full |
Night Time Eating Restriction
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| LeCheminant, JD (2013) | Restricting night-time eating reduces energy intake in healthy young men: a short-term cross-over… | Br J Nutr | Full |
Paleolithic
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Frassetto, LA (2009) | Metabolic and physiologic improvements from consuming a paleolithic, hunter-gatherer type diet | EJCN | Full |
Personalized Nutrition
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Zeevi, D (2015) | Personalized nutrition by prediction of glycemic responses | Cell | Full |
Preportioned Foods
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Blatt, AD (2012) | Effects of energy content and energy density of pre-portioned entrees on energy intake | Obesity | Full |
| Levitsky & Pacanowski (2011) | Losing weight without dieting. Use of commercial foods as meal replacements for lunch produces an… | Appetite | Abs |
Ramadan Intermittent Fasting
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Faris, MA (2012) | Intermittent fasting during Ramadan attenuates proinflammatory cytokines and immune cells in heal… | Nutr Res | Abs |
| Sweileh, N (1992) | Body composition and energy metabolism in resting and exercising muslims during Ramadan fast | J Sports Med Phys Fit | Abs |
| Adlouni, A (1997) | Fasting during ramadan induces a marked increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and decr… | Ann Nutr Metab | Abs |
| Fakhrzadeh, H (2003) | Effect of ramadan fasting on clinical and biochemical parameters in healthy adults | Ann Saudi Med | Full |
| Nematy, M (2012) | Effects of ramadan fasting on cardiovascular risk factors: a prospective observational study | Nutr J | Full |
| Ravanshad, S (1999) | Effect of fasting on serum glucose, lipids, and ketone bodies concentration during ramadan in Ars… | Iran Red Crescent Med J | Abs |
| Temizhan, A (2000) | The effects of ramadan fasting on blood lipid levels | Am J Med | Full |
| Zare, A (2011) | Effect of ramadan fasting on serum heat shock protein 70 and serum lipid profile | Sinapore Med J | Full |
| Ziaee, V (2006) | The changes of metabolic profile and weight during ramadan fasting | Sinapore Med J | Full |
| Aksungar, FB (2007) | Interleukin-6, C-reactive protien and biochemical parameters during prolonged intermittent fasting | Ann Nutr Metab | Abs |
Residential Weight Loss Programs Camps
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| McDougall, J (2014) | Effects of 7 days on an ad libitum low-fat vegan diet: the McDougall Program cohort | Nutr J | Full |
| Sjostrom, M (1999) | A four week residential program for primary health care patients to control obesity and related h… | Eur J Clin Nutr | Full |
Time Restricted Feeding
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Gill & Panda (2015) | A smartphone app reveals erratic dirunal eating patterns in humans that can be modulated for heal… | Cell Metab | Full |
| Jamshed, H (2019) | Early time-restricted feeding improves 24-hour glucose levels and affects markers of the circadia… | Nutrients | Full |
| LeCheminant, JD (2013) | Restricting night-time eating reduces daily energy intake in healthy young men: a short-term cros… | Br J Nutr | Full |
| Mindikoglu, AL (2017) | Impact of time-restricted feeding and dawn-to-sunset fasting on circadian rhythm, obesity, metabo… | Gastroenterol Res Pract | Full |
| Ravussin, E (2019) | Early time-restricted feeding reduces appetite and increases fat oxidation but does not affect en… | Obesity | Full |
| Rothschild, J (2014) | Time-restricted feeding and risk of metabolic disease: a review of human and animal studies | Nutr Rev | Full |
VLCD
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Apfelbaum, M (1971) | Effect of caloric restriction and excessive caloric intake on energy expenditure | Am J Clin Nutr | Abs |
| Assali, AR (2001) | Insulin resistance in obesity: body-weight or energy balance? | J Endocrinol | Full |
| Calbet, J (2014) | A time-efficient reduction of fat mass in 4 days with exercise and caloric restriction | Scan J Med Sci Sports | Abs |
| Fletcher, RF (1961) | Reducing diets. Weight loss of obese patients on diets of different composition | Br J Nutr | Full |
| Hainer, V (2001) | A twin study of weight loss and metabolic efficiency | Int J Obes | Full |
| Krotkiewski, M (2001) | Value of VLCD supplementation with medium chain triglycerides | Int J Obes | Full |
| Lara-Castro, C (2008) | Effects of short-term very low-calorie diet on intramyocellular lipid and insulin sensitivity in… | Metab Clin End | Full |
| Leonetti, F (2015) | Very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet before bariatric surgery: prospective evaluation of a sequen… | Obes Surg | Abs |
| Merra, G (2016) | Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet with aminoacid supplement versus very low restricted-calorie diet… | Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci | Full |
| Munro & Garg (2011) | Weight loss and metabolic profiles in obese individuals using two different approaches | Food Function | Full |
| Munro & Garg (2013) | Prior supplementation with long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids promotes weight loss in… | Food Funct | Full |
| Munro & Garg (2012) | Dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFA does not promote weight loss when combined with a very-low-… | Br J Nutr | Full |
| Passmore, R (1963) | The effect of overfeeding on two fat young women | Br J Nutr | Full |
Vegetarian
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| McDougall, J (2014) | Effects of 7 days on an ad libitum low-fat vegan diet: the McDougall Program cohort | Nutr J | Full |
Whole Foods Plant-Based Diet (WFPB)
| Reference | Title | Journal | |
|---|
| Kent, L (2013) | Long-term effectiveness of the community-based Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) lifesty… | BMJ Open | Full |
| Morton, DP (2013) | The effectiveness of the Complete Health Improvement Program (CHIP) in Australasia for reducing s… | N Z Med J | Abs |
| Rankin, P (2012) | Effectiveness of a volunteer-delivered lifestyle modification program for reducing cardiovascular… | Am J Cardiol | Abs |